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England Cheshire  Stockport)

Guide to Stockport history, family history, and genealogy: parish registers, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records.



History
Stockport /ˈstɒkpɔːrt/ is a large town in Greater Manchester, England, 7 miles (11 km) south-east of Manchester city center, where the River Goyt and Tame merge to create the River Mersey, the river on which Liverpool stands. Historically, most of the town was in Cheshire, and from the point of view of family history, will be considered as such.

Stockport was recorded as "Stokeport" in 1170. The currently accepted etymology is Old English port, a market place, with stoc, a hamlet (but more accurately a minor settlement within an estate); hence, a market place at a hamlet. Older derivations include stock, a stockaded place or castle, with port, a wood, hence a castle in a wood. The castle probably refers to Stockport Castle, a 12th-century motte-and-bailey first mentioned in 1173.

The earliest evidence of human occupation in the wider area are microliths from the hunter-gatherers of the Mesolithic period (the Middle Stone Age, about 8000–3500 BC) and weapons and stone tools from the Neolithic period (the New Stone Age, 3500–2000 BC). Early Bronze Age (2000–1200 BC) remains include stone hammers, flint knives, palstaves (bronze axe heads), and funerary urns have been found in random places.

There is little evidence of a Roman military station at Stockport. Six coins from the reigns of the Anglo-Saxon English Kings Edmund (reigned 939–946) and Eadred (reigned 946–955) were found during ploughing at Reddish Green in 1789. There are contrasting views about the significance of this; Arrowsmith takes this as evidence for the existence of a settlement at that time, but Morris states the find could be "an isolated incident". The small cache is the only Anglo-Saxon find in the area. However, the etymology Stoc-port suggests in-habitation during this period.

No part of Stockport appears in the Domesday Book of 1086. It has been argued from the etymology that Stockport may have still been a market place associated with a larger estate, and so would not be surveyed separately. The Anglo-Saxon landholders in the area were dispossessed and the land divided among the new Norman rulers. The first borough charter was granted in about 1220 and was the only basis for local government for six hundred years.

A castle held by Geoffrey de Costentin is recorded as a rebel stronghold against Henry II in 1173–1174 when his sons revolted. The castle was probably ruinous by the middle of the 16th century, and in 1642 it was agreed to demolish it. Castle Hill, possibly the motte, was leveled in 1775 to make space for Warren's mill.

Stockport bridge is documented as existing since at least 1282. During the English Civil War the town was supportive of Parliament and was garrisoned by local militias of around 3000 men commanded by Majors Mainwaring and Duckenfield. Prince Rupert advanced on the town on 25 May 1644, with 8-10,000 men and 50 guns, with a brief skirmish at the site of the bridge, in which Colonel Washington's Dragoons led the Royalist attack. Stockport bridge was pulled down in 1745 and trenches were additionally dug in the fords to try to stop the Jacobite army of Charles Edward Stuart as they marched through the town on the way to Derby.

Hat-making was established in north Cheshire and south-east Lancashire by the 16th century. From the 17th century Stockport became a center for the hatting industry and later the silk industry. Stockport expanded rapidly during the Industrial Revolution, helped particularly by the growth of the cotton manufacturing industries. However, economic growth took its toll, and 19th century philosopher Friedrich Engels wrote in 1844 that Stockport was "renowned as one of the duskiest, smokiest holes in the whole of the industrial area".

During the growth of the textile industry, Stockport was one of the prototype textile towns. In the early 18th century, England was not capable of producing silk of sufficient quality to be used as the warp in woven fabrics. Suitable thread had to be imported from Italy, where it was spun on water-powered machinery.

Silk weaving expanded until in 1769 two thousand people were employed in the industry. By 1772 the boom had turned to bust, possibly due to cheaper foreign imports; by the late 1770s trade had recovered.[26] The cycle of boom and bust would continue throughout the textile era.

With the combination of a good water power site (described by Rodgers as "by far the finest of any site within the lowland" [of the Manchester region] and a workforce used to textile factory work meant Stockport was well placed to take advantage of the phenomenal expansion in cotton processing in the late 18th century. Warren's mill in the market place was the first. Power came from an undershot water wheel in a deep pit, fed by a tunnel from the River Goyt. The positioning on high ground, unusual for a water powered mill, contributed to an early demise, but the concept of moving water around in tunnels proved successful, and several tunnels were driven under the town from the Goyt to power mills.  In 1796, James Harrisson drove a wide cut from the Tame which fed several mills in the Park, Portwood.  Other water-powered mills were built on the Mersey.

The town was connected to the national canal network by the 5 miles (8.0 km) of the Stockport branch of the Ashton Canal opened in 1797 which continued in use until the 1930s.

In the early 19th century, there was a revival of the early hatting trade, and the number of hatters in the area began to increase, and a reputation for quality work was created. The London firm of Miller Christy bought out a local firm in 1826, a move described by Arrowsmith as a "watershed". By the latter part of the century hatting had changed from a manual to a mechanized process, and was one of Stockport's primary employers; the area, with nearby Denton, was the leading national center. Support industries, such as block-making, trimmings, and leather-ware, became established.

he First World War cut off overseas markets, which established local industries and eroded Stockport's eminence. Even so, in 1932 more than 3000 people worked in the hatting industry, making it the third biggest employer after textiles and engineering. The depression of the 1930s and changes in fashion greatly reduced the demand for hats, and the demand that existed was met by cheaper wool products made elsewhere, for example the Luton area.

Since the start of the 20th century Stockport has moved away from being a town dependent on cotton and its allied industries to one with a varied base. It makes the most of its varied heritage attractions, including a national museum of hatting, a unique system of underground Second World War air raid tunnel shelters in the town center, and a late medieval merchants' house on the 700-year-old Market Place.

Cemeteries (Civil)
St Woolos Cemetery


 * 48 Bassaleg Rd
 * Newport NP20 3PY
 * Phone: +44 1633 263864

Caerleon Cemetery


 * Cold Bath Road
 * Caerleon NP18 1NF

Christchurch Cemetery


 * The Lodge, Caerleon
 * Newport NP18 1JJ
 * Phone: +44 1633 263864

Parishes
St Woolas Cathedral

103 Stow Hill
 * Newport NP20 4EA
 * Phone: +44 7933 627594

Holy Trinity in Wales


 * Christchurch Rd
 * Caerleon, Newport NP18 1JJ
 * Phone: +44 1633 420701

All Saints


 * 66-100 Brynglas Rd
 * Newport NP20 5RY
 * Phone: +44 1633 556583

Saint Anne's


 * Church Cl
 * Rogerstone, Newport NP10 9SH

Duffryn Community Church


 * 19 Jamaica Cir
 * Duffryn, Newport NP10
 * Phone: +44 1633 816326

St Paul's


 * 9 Bridge St
 * Newport NP20
 * Phone: +44 1633 266076

St Mary's


 * Malpas Vicarage
 * Malpas Rd, Newport NP20 6GQ
 * Phone: +44 1633 852828

St Peter's


 * 7AS
 * Cwmbran NP44

St Peter, Llandevaud


 * Newport NP18 2AA
 * Phone: +44 7722 500805

St Gabriel's


 * Clomendy Rd
 * Cwmbran NP44 3LR
 * Phone: +44 1633 489718

St Julius' and St Aaron's


 * 41 St Julian's Ave
 * Newport NP19 7JT
 * Phone: +44 1633 258046

St Cadoc's


 * The Vicarage/High St
 * Newport NP18 1AZ
 * Phone: +44 1633 421248

The Bishop of Monmouth's Office


 * Bishopstow
 * Stow Hill
 * Newport NP20 4EA
 * Phone: +44 1633 263510

To find the addresses of parishes in adjacent towns and villages, connect with the following web site: https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Monmouthshire_Parishes.,

Non Conformists
Other Christian groups follow:


 * Baptists
 * Church of Christ
 * Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
 * Emmanuel EvangelicaL
 * Iglesia ni Christo (Philippines)
 * Jehovah's Witnesses
 * Kingdom Life
 * Methodist
 * Mountjoy Christian Fellowship
 * Newport City Church
 * Presbyterian
 * Roman Catholic
 * Salvation Army
 * Seventh Day Adventists

Non Christian faiths include the following:


 * Buddhist
 * Hindu
 * Jewish
 * Muslim

Civil Registration

 * ukbmdorg: Monmouthsire records


 * bmd-certificates: Newport


 * Newport City Council Registry Service

Local Histories

 * Newportpast: Newport History


 * localhistories: Newport


 * The Newport Experiment by Rockwell Stensrud


 * Newport Through Time by Jan Preece

Maps and Gazetteers

 * google maps: Newport


 * streetmapof Newport


 * newportpast: old maps of Newport


 * genuki Newport gazetteer


 * Parliamentary Gazetteer of England and Wales: Newport

Newspapers
Newport does not have an independent newspaper. Local newspapers follow:


 * The South Wales Argus


 * Digital Newspaper: Wales on Line

Occupations
Newport's Travel to Work Area incorporates much of south Monmouthshire; the new 2001-based area also includes Cwmbran. The city itself has three major centers for employment: the city center, and business parks clustered around the M4 motorway junctions 24 in the east and 28 in the west.

Organizations based in the city include Airbus Defence & Space; the headquarters of the Office for National Statistics; the headquarters of the United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office (formerly known as the Patent Office); the General Insurance Division of Lloyds TSB; a large Panasonic manufacturing plant; a manufacturing plant for International Rectifier; the headquarters of insurance comparison site Gocompare; the headquarters of Wales and West Utilities; the shared-service center for HM Prison Service; the Passport Office for much of the south and west of the UK; and the Wales headquarters of the Charity Commission and British Red Cross. In 2014 Admiral Insurance opened a large newly constructed office opposite Newport railway station.

At the mouth of the River Usk, the Sims Metal Management plant hosts the world's largest industrial shredder for scrap metal with access by road, rail and sea. The plant also houses the world's largest car crusher.

Many smaller companies are located in the area, acting as materials and parts sources for the larger companies. Examples of such as companies would be Zodiac Aerospace (serving Airbus), UK Intellectual Property Ltd., serving most local groups.

Societies

 * Newport, Gwent Family History Society


 * Wales local history society: Gwent


 * Open Lectures.com: Newport Local History

Archives

 * Gwent Archives


 * Newport City, Wales, digital archives


 * The National Archives, Newport Library

Web Sites

 * Newport City Council


 * Monmouthshire County Council


 * wikipedia: Newport Wales