Italian Genealogical Word List

GENEALOGICAL WORD LIST
This list contains Italian words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult an Italian-English dictionary. (See the “Additional Resources” section.)

Italian is a Romance language derived from Latin. Many of the words resemble those of Latin. See Latin Genealogical Word List (34077). Italian is spoken in Italy and the southern part of Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden. Italian is also spoken in Yugoslavia near the border with Trieste. Some of the records of Corsica, Nice, and Savoy were written in Italian before those areas became part of France. Clusters of Italian immigrants in major cities like New York, Chicago, Montreal, Toronto, and Melbourne also speak Italian. Sicilian, Neapolitan, Romanesque, and Venetian are major dialects of Italian, and they use words similar to the words on this list. Several other minor dialects are spoken in the various provinces of Italy.

LANGUAGE CHARACTERISTICS
In Italian, the endings of most words vary according to the way the words are used in a sentence. Who— whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives the most commonly seen form of each Italian word. As you read Italian records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage. Only some variations are explained in this guide.

Gender. Italian nouns are designated as masculine or feminine. For example, vicinanza (neighborhood) is a feminine word, and villaggio (village) is a masculine word. Generally, nouns ending in !a are feminine, nouns ending !e may be either masculine or feminine, and nouns ending in !o are masculine. Adjectives and articles (a, an, the) will have either masculine or feminine endings for the noun they modify: !a for feminine singular nouns, !o for masculine singular nouns. For example, in Italian you write ava paterna (paternal grandmother) or avo paterno (paternal grandfather).

Plurals. For nouns ending with !a, the plural is formed by replacing the last letter with !e; for nouns ending in !o or !e, replace the last letter with !i to form the plural. For example, figlia (daughter) becomes figlie (daughters), and padrino (godfather) becomes padrini (godparents). Articles and adjectives take e as the feminine plural ending, and i as the masculine plural ending. Buona figlia becomes buone figlie (good daughters) and buono padrino becomes buoni padrini (good godparents).

Verb tense. Verbs also vary depending on mood, who is acting, and whether the action is in the past, present, or future. For example, the Italian verb sposare (to marry) could appear with various endings: Present Past Tenses marry married, was married (she/he) sposa è sposato, fu sposato, sposò (they) sposano sono sposati, furono sposati, sposarono

Diacritic Marks The Italian language has several additional letters with diacritic marks: à, è, ì, ò, and ù. These diacritic marks indicate a change in pronunciation, but do not affect alphabetical order. They are more often used in recent documents.

Spelling Spelling rules were not fixed in earlier centuries when records of our ancestors were written. The k, j, and w are only used in foreign words. The following spelling variations may be found: y or j used for i i used for j

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
This word list includes words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use an Italian- English dictionary. At the Family History Library, the Italian dictionaries are cataloged with the call number 453.21. The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in family history centers: Orlandi, Giusseppe. Dizionario Italiano-inglese, Inglese-italiano [Italian-English, English-italian Dictionary]''. Milano: Carlo Signorelli, 1957.'' (FHL film 1181660 item 5.)

KEY WORDS
To find and use specific types of Italian records, you will need to know some key words in Italian. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Italian words with the same or similar meanings. For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Italian words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, and other words used in Italian records to indicate marriage.

English Italian banns pubblicazioni, notificazioni baptism(s) battesimo, -i birth(s) nata, nascita, -e burial(s) seppellimento, sepolto, sepolture, -i child neonato, neonata, infante, bambino christening(s) battesimo, -i confirmation(s) cresima, -e death(s) morte, morire, decesso, -i father padre husband marito, sposo index indice marriage(s) matrimono, sposato, coniugato, maritato, -i month mese mother madre name nome parents genitori parish parrocchia surname cognome wife sposa, moglie year anno

= GENERAL WORD LIST =

This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Italian words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given after a hyphen. Parentheses in the English column clarify the definition. In Italian, some words have both a male and female form, such as: neonato = male child neonata = female child When a word has both a male and female version, this word list gives the feminine ending of words after a hyphen, such as: neonato, -a male child, female child cognato, -a brother-in-law, sister-inlaw cugino, -a male cousin, female cousin Italian English † = morto, -a died

A
a at, to abbiamo we have Italian English abbiente owner abbracciatutto jack-of-all-trades abiatico grandson abitante inhabitant abitare to live abitazione home, residence a cagione di because of a casa at home accanto beside accusato accused, charged addì on the day adesso now adottato, -a adopted adultero, -a adulterer affinità relationship affittuario, -a renter, tenant agente agent agosto August agricoltore farmer albergatore innkeeper albero genealogico pedigree alcuni, -e some alcuno, -a any, some alias alias, also known as alla nascita time of birth allegati supplements alle ore at the hour allevatore animal feeder allora then all’uopo to this end almeno at least alto high altresì also, too altre volte formerly altro other, else ambedue both amico, -a friend amministratore steward, manager amministrazione administration amogliato took a wife anche also ancora yet, still andiamo right away, immediately anime parish census annegato drowned anni years anniversario anniversary anno year annotazioni annotations annuale annual, yearly antenato, -i ancestor(s) anzidetta aforesaid anzitutto first of all, initially appartenenza religiosa religious affiliation appartiene pertains appena as soon as apprendista apprentice appresso after, the next aprile April araldica heraldry aratore plowman archivi archives archivi di stato state archives arrivo arrival, immigration artefice maker ascesso abscess asma asthma assessore comunale alderman attacco seizure attesa awaiting atti diversi miscellaneous records atto di matrimonio marriage certificate atto di morte death certificate atto di nascita birth certificate austriaco Austrian ava materna maternal grandmother avanti di before ava paterna paternal grandmother avere to have avi ancestors avo ancestor avo materno maternal grandfather avo paterno paternal grandfather avoro, -a grandfather (grandmother) avvocato lawyer

B
babbo father bambina illegittima illegitimate girl bambini children bambino, -a child, baby bambino illegittimo illegitimate boy banchiere banker bandi di matrimonio marriage banns, notices barbiere barber barca, fabbricatore di boat maker barcaiolo boatman barilaio cooper, barrel maker barista bartender barone baron basso low bastardo, -a illegitimate child battesimale baptismal battesimo baptism battezzare baptize battezzarono they baptized battezzato, -a baptized battezzo baptized beccaio butcher beccamorti grave digger becchino grave digger benché although benestante wealthy person beni immobili real property, real estate beni stabili real property, real estate bettoliere tavern keeper bianco white biblioteche libraries bidello janitor bifolco plowman biografia biography birraio barkeeper, brewer bisavo, -a great-grandfather (greatgrandmother) bisavolo, -a great-grandfather (greatgrandmother) bis-bisnonno second great-grandfather bisnonna great-grandmother bisnonno great-grandfather boaro cattle hand borghese burgher, citizen bottaio cooper, barrel maker bottegaio shopkeeper bovaro cattle driver bracciale laborer bracciante farm laborer bucataia washwoman buio dark buono, -a good burraio dairyman

C
cacciatore hunter caduto fallen cafone peasant calderaio tinker calzolaio shoemaker cameriera maid, servant girl cameriere waiter cameriere di casa house steward campagna countryside, rural campagnuolo, -a countryman, countrywoman cancro cancer cantante singer cantatrice singer capofamiglia family head capostipite family founder, earliest ancestor cappellaio hatter carabiniere policeman carbonaio coal dealer carraio wheelwright carte maps, charts casa house casaro dairy farmer cassa chest, cash, cashier cassetta chest castaldo land agent castello castle catasto land register cattolico, -a Roman Catholic cavaliere knight ce us celebrare il matrimonio solemnize a marriage celibe bachelor, bachelorette, single, unmarried censimento census centesimo, -a hundredth cento hundred certificato certificate certifichiamo we certify cfr. = confronta compare che which, than, what, who, that, whom chi who, whom chiesa church chiesa ortodossa Greek Catholic chilometro kilometer chimico chemist chirurgo surgeon chiunque whoever ci there, us, to us ciabattino cobbler cimitero cemetery cinquanta fifty cinquantesimo, -a fiftieth cinque five ciò that cioè that is, namely circa about, approximately città city, town cittadinanze citizenship cittadino, -a citizen cocchiere coachman cognato, -a brother-in-law, sisterin- law cognome, -i surname(s) col consenso with the consent colera cholera collina hill colono farmer, colonist coltivatore cultivator, farmer come as, like, how come sopra as above commerciante di vino wine merchant commissionario broker compenso fee comprare to buy comune municipality comunione communion comunità community, township con with conciatore tanner concubina concubine condizione status, condition conducente driver confermazione confirmation confettiere confectioner congiunto related coniugati married coniugi married couple connessione relationship consenso consent conservato preserved consigliere counselor contabile accountant contadino, -a farm laborer, peasant conte count, earl contea county conto account, bill contrada town quarter contratto di matrimonio marriage contract contro against conversione conversion convulsione,-i convulsion(s) copie civili di parish register registri parrocchiali transcripts cordaio rope maker corrente current corriere courier corte court così thus, so costruttore builder cresima confirmation cresimato, -i confirmee(s) cristiano, -a Christian (or Catholic) croato Croat cucitrice seamstress cugino, -a cousin cuoco cook cuore heart

D
d. = don respectful male title da from, of dagli from the (plural) dal from the dalla from the dalle from the (plural) dallo from the danaro money data date debolezza della weakness of old age vecchiaia decennale decennial decennio decade decesso, -a deceased, late decimo, -a tenth defunto, -a deceased person degli of the degno worthy dei of the, from the (plural) del of the della of the delle of the (plural), some dello of the del mese di of the month of denaro money dentizione teething descrizione description destra right (direction) d’età di of the age of detto said, alias, also known as di of, about, concerning di anni age diarrea diarrhea di buon’ora early (A.M.) dicembre December dichiarante informant dichiarare to declare dichiarato che declared that dichiarazione declaration diciannove nineteen diciannovesimo, -a nineteenth diciassette seventeen diciassettesimo, -a seventeenth diciottesimo, -a eighteenth diciotto eighteen dieci ten dietro behind dietro scritto after signed difterite diphtheria di ieri yesterday’s di mattina in the morning diocesi diocese di pomeriggio in the afternoon discendente descendant di sera in the evening disopra above di sotto below dispensa di matrimonio marriage license disposto disposed dissenteria dysentery disteso extended distretto di district of diventare become diversi miscellaneous divorziare divorce (verb) divorzio divorce (noun) dizionari geografici gazetteers dizionario dictionary documenti records documenti emigration records d’emigrazione documento record dodicesimo, -a twelfth dodici twelve doganiere, doganieri customs officer(s) domani tomorrow domenica Sunday domestica housekeeper domiciliato residing don respectful man’s title donazione donation donna respectful woman’s title donna di casa housewife dono donation, gift dopo after dopodomani day after tomorrow doppio duplicate record dottore doctor dove where dov’è? where is? droghiere druggist, grocer duca duke ducato duchy duchessa duchess due two duecentesimo, -a two hundredth duecento two hundred dunque therefore duplicato duplicate record durante during

E
e, ed and è is ebanista cabinetmaker ebreo, -a Jew, Jewess, Jewish eccetto except ecco here is, here are, there is, there are è comparso, -a appeared ed, e and egli he elenco list, directory elenco dei membri membership list ella she ella stessa herself emigrante emigrant emigrazione emigration è morto died è nato was born enfiagione swelling ép. = é sposato married epilessia epilepsy eppure yet, nevertheless erbivendolo green grocer eseguito, -a executed (a marriage) essa she, it, her, this, that esse they, them essendo being, acting as essere to be essi they, them esso it esso stesso itself est east è stato celebrato was celebrated è stato presentato was presented esterno outside estratto extract estrema unzione last rites età age evento event

F
fa ago fabbricante manufacturer fabbricante di tessuto cloth maker, draper fabbro smith factotum handyman falegname joiner, carpenter famiglia family fanciulla maiden, young girl fanciullo young boy fante foot soldier fatta, -o done, made fattore farmer, creator, maker febbraio February febbre fever fede di nascita birth certificate femmina female femminile feminine femminino femininity ferraio blacksmith feudo fief, manor fiacchezza weakness fidanzamento betrothal, engagement to marry fidanzarsi to become engaged fidanzata fiancée (female) fidanzato fiancé (male) fidanzato betrothed, engaged figli children figlia di daughter of figliastro, -a stepchild figlioccio, -a godchild figlio di son of filatore spinner filatrice spinner fioraio florist firma di signature of firmato signed fittaiolo tenant farmer fiume river foresta forest forestiero foreigner, alien fornaio baker forse perhaps, maybe fortezza fortress fosse was fra between, among francese French fratellastro half brother fratello brother frazione hamlet frontiera border fruttaiolo fruit dealer fruttivendolo fruit merchant fu late, deceased, was fu battezzato was baptized fu cresimato was confirmed funzione di membro membership list fuori out furono were futuro future

G
gemelli twins gemello, -a twin gendarme policeman genealogia genealogy generato born genitora, -e mother(s) genitore, -i father(s) genitori fathers or parents genitori ignoti parents unknown gennaio January gente per bene gentry già already giacchè inasmuch as giammai never giardiniere gardener gioielliere jeweler giornale newspaper giornaliero day laborer giorno day giovane young giovedì Thursday gioventù youth giovinezza youth giudaico Jewish giudice judge giugno June giurato juror gli, gl’ the, to him gotta gout grande large, great grosso, grande big, great guardaboschi forester guardia guard guardiano watchman

H
ha (s)he has, you have ha contratto has contracted marriage matrimonio hanno you have, they have

I
i, gli, le the (plural) idropisia dropsy, edema ieri yesterday ignoto unknown il, lo, la the (feminine singular) il deceduto the deceased il giorno di ieri the previous day il giorno prossimo the following day illegittimo illegitimate il loro their (masculine singular) i loro their (masculine plural) il (la) più vecchio, -a oldest, eldest il registro di tassa tax ledger imbianchino plasterer immigrante immigrant immigrazione immigration imperiale royal, imperial impero empire impiegato di tribunale court clerk impiegato d’ufficio clerk in in incinta pregnant incisore engraver indi from there indicati indicated indice index indici decennali ten-year indexes indietro behind indigente indigent inerenza inheritance infante infant ingegnere engineer inoltre also, besides in questo luogo in this place in questo posto in this place inquilino, -a renter insieme together intagliatore wood carver interno interior intorno around invece instead io I istesso (stesso) same, self italiano, -a Italian itterizia jaundice ivi there

L
la the, her, it, you là there la decima, le decime tithing la loro their (feminine singular) lasciare let, leave, allow lascito legacy, bequest lavandaio laundry worker le the, she (plural), to her, them legale legal legato legacy, bequest legatore di libro bookbinder legge law legittimo legitimate lei her, she, you (polite) le loro their (feminine plural) l’età maggiore of legal age letto di morte deathbed leva military draft levatrice midwife lì there libero free, unmarried libri stirpe lineage books libro book licenza di matrimonio marriage license lo the, him, it località locality loro they, their, theirs, them, you, your lo stesso giorno the same day l’ufficio parrocchiale parish office luglio July lui he, him lunedì Monday luogo place (location) lustrascarpe bootblack, shoeshine

M
m. = matrimonio married ma but, however macchinista driver, machinist macellaio butcher madre mother madre ignota mother unknown madrina godmother maestro, -a schoolteacher maggio May (month of) maggioranza legal age, majority maggiordomo butler maggiore eldest maggiorenne to be of age magistrato judge magnano locksmith mai never malattia disease mandriano herdsman manente sharecropper marina navy marinaio marine, seaman, sailor marito husband marmista marble cutter martedì Tuesday marzo March (month of) maschio male, masculine massaia housewife matrigna stepmother matrimoni marriages matrimonio marriage mattina morning mattonaio brick maker me me medesimi same, alike, similar membro member mendicante beggar mendico beggar mensile monthly mensuale monthly mercante merchant, trader mercato market mercoledì Wednesday mese month messaggero courier, messenger mestiere trade, occupation mezzanotte midnight mezzodì midday mezzogiorno midday mi me, to me miei my, mine miglio mile militare military mille thousand millesimo, -a thousandth minatore miner minoranza not of legal age mio my, mine modista milliner, hat seller moglie wife montagna mountain monte mount, mountain morbillo measles morì died morì di vecchiaia died of old age morire to die morì senza prole died without issue morte, -i death(s) morto, -a dead, died, deceased, late mt. = maternità mother mugnaio miller mulinaro miller mulino mill municipio town hall muratore mason

N
n. = nato, -a born nacque was born nascita birth nata born, maiden name natamorta stillborn female child nativo di native of nato, -i born (births) nato morto stillborn natomorto stillborn male child nazionalità nationality necroforo sexton negli in the (plural) negoziante dealer nei in the (plural) nel in the nella in the nelle in the (plural) nello in the neonato, -a newborn child, baby nero, -a black nessuno no, none, no one, nobody niente nothing nipote nephew, niece, grandchild nipotina, nipote granddaughter nipotino, nipote grandson nobile nobleman nobiltà nobility noi we, us noi, da by us nome, -i name(s) nome assunto alias, also known as nome di battesimo Christian name, given name nome proprio Christian name, given name nomi names nominare to name nominato named non not non ancora not yet nonna grandmother nonni grandparents, ancestors nonno grandfather nono, -a ninth nota remark notaio notary notamento account, notably notificazioni marriage banns, notices notte night novanta ninety novantesimo, -a ninetieth nove nine novello new novembre November nozze wedding nubile unmarried woman numero number nuovo new nutrice nurse

O
o or occidentale western occupazione occupation odierno today’s oggi today ogni each, every oltre in addition onde from where onesto honest operaio laborer operaio avventizio journeyman oppure or, otherwise ora hour orciolaio potter orefice goldsmith orfano, -a orphan orientale eastern orologiaio watchmaker oste innkeeper, wine store keeper ostetrico, -a obstetrician, midwife ottanta eighty ottantesimo, -a eightieth ottavo, -a eighth otto eight ottobre October ovest west

P
padre, -i father(s) padre ignoto father unknown padrini godparents padrino godfather padrone landlord paesano peasant paese country, village, state pag. = pagina page pagina page parente relative parrocchia parish parroco priest parziali partial passaporto passport passato past pastaio pasta maker pasticciere pastry maker pastore minister, pastor, shepherd patria country, town, or place of birth, fatherland patrigno stepfather pecoraio shepherd pensionato, -a formerly employed, retired per for, through, by per causa di because of, motive, reason perchè why periodici periodicals periodo period of time permesso permission però however pescatore fisher, fisherman pescivendolo fishmonger peste plague piccolo little, small piccolo proprietario small land holder di terra piroscafo ship pittore painter più more più piccolo lesser, smaller più recente more recent, later più vecchio, -a older, elder poi after, then poichè since poliziotto policeman polmonite pneumonia pomeriggio afternoon popolazione population porre place, put, impose portalettere mailman possidente property owner precedente former prefetto prefect prefettura prefecture prenome given name presentato presented presenza di in presence of presto early (A.M.) prete priest, clergyman previo previous, preceding primo, -a first, before primo assessore mayor’s assistant principato principality principe prince principessa princess proavi ancestors pro avo al terzo grado third great-grandfather processetti marriage supplement matrimoniali documents professione profession progenitori ancestors, grandparents proietti foundlings pronipote great-grandchild proprietario landlord prossimo next prostituta whore, prostitute protestante Protestant prova proof provincia province provinciale provincial prozio, -a great-uncle (great-aunt) pt. = paternità father pubblicare publish pubblicazioni publications (marriage banns) pure also puttana prostitute, whore

Q
qua here quale what, which, who quando when quaranta forty quarantesimo, -a fortieth quarto, -a fourth quattordicesimo, -a fourteenth quattordici fourteen quattro four quei those quel that questa, -o this quest’oggi this day questo luogo this place questo posto this place questura police station qui in this place quindicesimo, -a fifteenth quindici fifteen quinto, -a fifth quivi there

R
rada bay, nautical course ragazzo, -a boy (girl) re king reale royal regina queen regione region registri registers registri matrimoniali marriage records registri parrocchiali parish registers registro register registro parrocchiale parish register regno kingdom relativo, -i relative(s) religione religion restare left, remaining ricerca genealogica genealogical research ricevere received richiesta request richiesto requested ricordo record rimessa removed rimesso submitted ritiro retirement riti ultimi last rites riveli tax lists, declarations rosolia German measles rosso red rubriche directories ruoli matricolari matriculation rolls

S
sabato Saturday sacerdote priest salasso bleeding, bloodletting saponaio, -a soap maker sarto, -a tailor, seamstress scapolo bachelor scarlattina scarlet fever scheda d’emigrazione emigration file schedario card index schede index cards scriba scribe scultore sculptor scuola school se if, whether sè himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves secolo century secondo according to secondo, -a second sedicesimo, -a sixteenth sedici sixteen seguente following sei six sempre still (adverb) senza without sepolto buried sepoltura burial, interment seppellimento burial sera evening serva maid, servant girl servizio service, employment servo, -a servant sessanta sixty sessantesimo, -a sixtieth sesso sex (gender) sesto, -a sixth settanta seventy settantesimo, -a seventieth sette seven settembre September settentrionale northern settimana week settimo, -a seventh sezione section, district si her or himself siccome since, inasmuch sig. = signore Mr. sig.a = signora Mrs. sigaraio cigar maker signora Mrs. Signore Lord signore Mr. signorina Miss sindaco mayor situazione di famiglia family list register situazione patrimoniale estate società societies soffiatore blower soldato soldier solenne solemn solennizzare il solemnization of matrimonio marriage solo, -a only sommario delle materie contents (table of) sono are sono, ci there are sopra over, on, above soprascritto aforewritten sopravvivente surviving, still living sorella sister sorellastra half sister, step sister sotto under, beneath sotto il giorno on the day sottoscritto the undersigned sovente often sp. = sposo, -a spouse spaccalegna woodcutter speditore dispatcher sposa bride, wife sposarsi to marry sposato married sposi husband and wife sposini newlyweds sposo bridegroom staffiere footman, groom stare to be stato state (government) stato civile civil registration stato d’anima parish census stato delle anime censuses stato di famiglia family register stazione termale spa, bath stemma coat of arms stesso same, self stipettaio cabinetmaker stitichezza constipation storia history storico historian straccivendolo rag man strada road, street stradino road maker su on, upon, onto sua his, her, hers, its, your, yours succursale branch, affiliate sud south suddetto aforesaid sugli on the sui on the sul on the sull’ on the sulla on the sullo on the suo his, her, hers, its, your, yours suo his own, its own (reflexive pronoun) suòcera mother-in-law suòcero father-in-law superiore upper svizzero Swiss

T
tagliapietre stonecutter tagliatore cutter tappezziere upholsterer tardo, -a late (P.M.) tassazione taxation tavole decennali ten-year indexes te you (after a preposition) tedesco German tempi times tempo time temporaneo temporary tenente lieutenant terrazzano peasant terzo, -a third tessitore weaver testamento will (testament) testimonio, -a witness testo text ti you, to you tifoide typhoid tintore dyer tisi consumption, tuberculosis tomo volume tosse cough tosse canina whooping cough tossire cough tra between, among trattore restaurant keeper tre three tredicesimo, -a thirteenth tredici thirteen trenta thirty trentesimo, -a thirtieth trentunesimo, -a thirty-first trentuno thirty-one tribunale court, judicial, courthouse trisavolo second greatgrandfather trovatello foundling tu, voi you tumore tumor tutore guardian tuttavia nevertheless tutto all, everything

U
ubriacone drunkard ucciso killed uditore auditor ufficiale official (of) ufficiale del comune village official ufficiale dello stato registrar civile ufficio office ultimo testamento last will un (una) a, an undicesimo, -a eleventh undici eleven unirsi in matrimonio to marry uno, -a one uomo man

V
vaccaio cowboy vaiolo small pox Valdese Waldensian valle valley vario various vasaio potter vecchio, -a aged, old man (woman) vedere see vedovato widowed vedovo, -a widower, widow venditore seller, vendor venerdì Friday ventesimo, -a twentieth venti twenty venticinque twenty-five venticinquesimo, -a twenty-fifth ventidue twenty-two ventiduesimo, -a twenty-second ventinove twenty-nine ventinovesimo, -a twenty-ninth ventiquattresimo, -a twenty-fourth ventiquattro twenty-four ventisei twenty-six ventiseiesimo, -a twenty-sixth ventisette twenty-seven Italian English ventisettesimo, -a twenty-seventh ventitre twenty-three ventitreesimo, -a twenty-third ventottesimo, -a twenty-eighth ventotto twenty-eight ventunesimo, -a twenty-first ventuno twenty-one verde green vergine virgin verso toward vescovo bishop vi there, to it, at it vi, ci you, us via road, street vicinanza neighborhood vicino neighbor vicino a next to, near vigile policeman vignaiolo grape grower villaggio village vita living, alive viticultore grape grower viv. = vivo, vivente flourished, lived vivere to live voi you volontà will (testament) volume volume vostro your, yours

Z
zio, -a uncle, aunt zitella old maid, spinster

NUMBERS
In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (for example, 1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (for example, 1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. Days of the month are usually written in cardinal form. Note that all ordinal numbers are adjectives and will end with !o or !a depending on the gender of the word it modifies. Cardinal Ordinal 1 uno 1st primo, -a 2 due 2nd secondo, -a 3 tre 3rd terzo, -a 4 quattro 4th quarto, -a 5 cinque 5th quinto, -a 6 sei 6th sesto, -a 7 sette 7th settimo, -a 8 otto 8th ottavo, -a 9 nove 9th nono, -a 10 dieci 10th decimo, -a 11 undici 11th undicesimo, -a 12 dodici 12th dodicesimo, -a 13 tredici 13th tredicesimo, -a 14 quattordici 14th quattordicesimo, -a 15 quindici 15th quindicesimo, -a 16 sedici 16th sedicesimo, -a 17 diciassette 17th diciassettesimo, -a 18 diciotto 18th diciottesimo, -a 19 diciannove 19th diciannovesimo, -a 20 venti 20th ventesimo, -a 21 ventuno 21st ventunesimo, -a 22 ventidue 22nd ventiduesimo, -a 23 ventitre 23rd ventitreesimo, -a 24 ventiquattro 24th ventiquattresimo, -a 25 venticinque 25th venticinquesimo, -a 26 ventisei 26th ventiseiesimo, -a 27 ventisette 27th ventisettesimo, -a 28 ventotto 28th ventottesimo, -a 29 ventinove 29th ventinovesimo, -a 30 trenta 30th trentesimo, -a 31 trentuno 31st trentunesimo, -a 40 quaranta 40th quarantesimo, -a 50 cinquanta 50th cinquantesimo, -a 60 sessanta 60th sessantesimo, -a 70 settanta 70th settantesimo, -a 80 ottanta 80th ottantesimo, -a 90 novanta 90th novantesimo, -a 100 cento 100th centesimo, -a 200 duecento 200th duecentesimo, -a 1000 mille 1000th millesimo, -a

DATES AND TIME
In Italian records, the registrar often indicated the exact time of day when an event occurred. This is generally written out, for example: L’anno del Signore milleottocentocinquantasette ed alli undici del mese di gennaio alle ore sei della mattina [In the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred fifty-seven on the eleventh of the month of January at six o’clock in the morning] To understand Italian dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. Months English Italian January gennaio February febbraio March marzo April aprile May maggio June giugno July luglio August agosto September settembre English Italian October ottobre November novembre December dicembre Days of the Week Sunday domenica Monday lunedì Tuesday martedì Wednesday mercoledì Thursday giovedì Friday venerdì Saturday sabato Times of the Day Italian birth and death records often indicated the exact time of day when the birth or death occurred. This is usually written out. English Italian afternoon pomeriggio at the 16th hour alle ore sedici (4:00 P.M.) before noon ante meridiane day giorno evening sera hour ora midday mezzogiorno midnight mezzanotte month mese monthly mensile morning mattina night notte of the month of del mese di on the day addì year anno yesterday ieri yesterday evening iersera yesterday morning iermattina