Ontario Naturalization and Citizenship

Online Records

 * Naturalization Records, 1828-1850 - Upper Canada and Canada West (Library and Archives of Canada database)
 * Search Engine
 * Naturalization Records, 1915–1951 (Library and Archives of Canada database)

British Immigrants
Until 1947, British immigrants from England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland automatically became citizens of Canada. They did not need naturalization. Non-British immigrants, however, were required to make oaths of allegiance before receiving land grants. The oaths and petitions for citizenship for 1817-1846 are in files at the Provincial Archives.

Before 1828
All individuals wishing to obtain land from the Crown were required to swear an oath of allegiance before a Magistrate or Justice of the Peace. These oaths can usually be found with the Crown land petitions or among the Township papers. See Research Guide 215, A Guide to Early Land Settlement Records, ca.1790 to ca.1850 for information about these records.

1828-1850
Ontario did not have a naturalization process until 1828. The Act to Secure and Confer Upon Certain Inhabitants of this Province (Upper Canada) the Civil and Political Rights of Natural Born British Subjects (1828) mandated that a naturalization register be kept for each county in Upper Canada; this practice continued until 1850. The surviving naturalization registers are available on self-service microfilm reels C15692 and C-15693 in the Reading Room of the Archives of Ontario online at Naturalization Records, 1828-1850 - Upper Canada and Canada West (Library and Archives of Canada database)
 * These registers are indexed in Donald A. McKenzie’s series of articles entitled Upper Canada naturalization records 1828-1850 (published in Families, vol. 18, no. 3 to vol. 20, no. 1; 1979-1981). This index lists about 3,000 names. A copy can be consulted in the Archives of Ontario’s Reading Room or at or at other libraries listed in WorldCat.

Court Records, ca. 1850-ca. 1975
For the court records found in the following two collections, records can be searched at the Archives of Ontario, requested in interlibrary loan for use in your local library, or you can hire a researcher from the provided list of individuals who are certified by the Board for Certification of Genealogists or who are members of the Association of Professional Genealogists.
 * Prepare for Your Visit to the Archives of Ontario.
 * For information and request forms for interlibrary loans, see What is the Microfilm Interloan Service?
 * Genealogical Researchers in Ontario

Naturalization could occur by swearing an oath of allegiance before a judge, usually at the Court of General Sessions of the Peace in each county or district. Records include registers, oaths, case files, correspondence and copies of certificates for some counties and districts. A record of appearance before the court can sometimes be found in the minute books of the court. To identify series of minute books from the Court of General Sessions of the Peace: click the Archives Descriptive Database.
 * To identify a series of court records documenting naturalization, click the Archives Descriptive Database.
 * Click on "Advanced Search Options".
 * Click on "Search for Groups of Archival Records".
 * Enter the keywords "naturalization", the name of the "district or county (as a keyword). Click Search.
 * Click on "Advanced Search Options".
 * Click on "Search for Groups of Archival Records".
 * Enter the keywords "minute", "Peace", and the name of the "county or district"'''.

Naturalization Records, 1915–1951 Database

 * Naturalization Records, 1915–1951 (Library and Archives of Canada database)
 * This database is one of the few Canadian genealogical resources specifically designed to benefit those researchers with roots outside of the British Commonwealth.
 * References located on the digitized lists can be used to request copies of the actual naturalization records, which are held by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada.
 * The database provides access to two sets of records.
 * The first set covers the years 1915 to 1946 and contains 491,849 references to names that occurred in 1915 to 1946 lists that were published in order of certificate number; and in all supplementary lists of special cases that were added at the end of the normal annual lists for all years from 1915 to 1946. Information on these people has been entered and is searchable by name, given name and country.
 * The second set covers the years 1947 to 1951 and contains the digital images of the lists published in the Canada Gazette during those years. Information has not been entered and is not searchable by name, given name and country. It is searchable only by month and year of publication in the Canada Gazette.

Writing for Records
Records created after 1917 are more detailed than earlier records and are found at:
 * Department of Citizenship and Immigration Public Rights Administration 300 Slate Street, 3rd floor, Section D Ottawa, ON K1A 1L1 CANADA Telephone: 888-242-2100 (In Canada only; outside of Canada, write to the above address.)