Step-by-Step Georgia Research, 1880-Present

Georgia Step-by-step research 1880--present -

Step 1. Find out everything possible from living relatives and their family records.
Every good genealogy project starts with finding all the clues that can be gathered from living relatives — both from their memories and from documents or memorabilia in their homes.

What should be asked?
In order to extend research, ask for names, dates, and places. Everything about who a relative was and when and where they lived is a clue to a new record search. For ideas, see :
 * Fifty Questions for Family History Interviews What to Ask the Relatives
 * Genealogy: 150 questions to ask family members about their lives
 * Creating Oral Histories

What documents should be collected or copied?
Because these records cover names, dates, places, and relationships, they are a valuable source of clues. Look for them in your home, your parents' home, and ask living grandparents to check for them.

Step 2. Find ancestors in every possible census record, 1850-1950, online.
A census is a count and description of the population of a country, state, county, or city for a given date. A census took a "snapshot" of a family on a certain day. For each person living in a household you might find (depending on the year) their name, age, birthplace, relationship to head of household, place of birth for father and mother, citizenship status, year of immigration, mother of how many children and number of children living, native language, and whether they were a veteran of the military.

Using the clues to lead to census record searches.

 * Here is the 1930 census record for Doris Kennedy.
 * She is the daughter of Ollie Mae Bethel, and was born in 1923 in Georgia.
 * Her mother appears to have remarried to a Fred Bethel.
 * In 1930, Fred and Ollie Mae are living in her parents' home, Ollie Mae is the daughter of M.M. and Naomi Ryals.
 * Doris Kennedy has a sister, Beatrice, age 9.
 * Hopefully, the 1920 census will show Ollie Mae's first husband, a Mr. Kennedy.


 * Here in 1920, the census shows that Ollie May Ryals Bethel Kennedy's first husband was Henry G. Kennedy. He was born in 1895 in Georgia.

'''Here in the 1910 census, Henry G. Kennedy is listed as living in the home of his widowed mother, Eugenia. '''Here is the Kennedy family in the 1900 census. Eugenia Kennedy is already widowed by 1900, so the record does not show the name of Henry G. Kennedy's father. She does have children over the age of 10, and she would have appeared with her husband in the 1890 census. Unfortunately, that census was destroyed.'''



Look for ancestors in as many censuses as possible. Use the clues from each census for hints where to find families in both earlier and later census records.
- For more information, see Georgia Census and United States Census.

Step 3: Find birth, marriage, and death certificates for ancestors and their children.
States, counties, or even towns in some states recorded births, marriages, and deaths. In addition to the child's name, birth date, and place of birth, a birth certificate may give the birthplaces of the parents, their ages, and occupations. A death certificate may give the person's birth date and place, parents' names and birthplaces, and spouse's name.

Using the census clues to lead to a birth certificate.
Census information gives approximate birth years and probable birth places, and that information leads to finding important birth records. In addition to basic birth date and place, a birth certificate can give age, birthplace, occupation, etc. about the parents. Example of an index entry.

Using the census clues to lead to a marriage certificate.
Finding marriage records can:
 * establish the full identity of the wife, with her maiden name and possible birth details.
 * find the names of the parents of the bride and groom.

Example of a marriage certificate. Notice the information about the parents of the bride and groom.

Using the census clues to lead to a death certificate.
Moving forward in time, older generations stop showing up in the census. That is a clue that they probably died in the last 10 years. The death certificate is important because of all the possible secondary data beyond just the date and place of death:
 * birth date and place of the deceased
 * maiden name of the wife
 * names of the deceased's parents
 * birth places of the deceased's parents.

Some of the examples shown above are index entries. That means for each of them an actual, original, full certificate exists. It is highly advisable to order the original certificate. It will contain many details not given in the index. In some cases, the image of the original is found online. Instructions are given below on obtaining the original certificate in other cases.

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How to Find the Records
There are basically three ways to find these indexes or full original certificates:
 * online databases
 * writing to a county courthouse (prior to state civil registration beginning in 1867)
 * purchasing them through the mail

Records at the County Courthouse.
These records were originally created by county clerks, and then copies were sent to the state. County clerks can be willing to help find all the birth records for one family or perform other searches that the state would not do. To contact county clerks by e-mail or telephone, go to the Wiki article for each county. Links to the county Wiki articles are found at the end of this page or by clicking here: Georgia Counties.

Order Certificates from Georgia Vital Records Department.
Almost always the full original certificate will contain information not contained in the index. Although it costs money, consider sending for the full original certificates, particularly for direct line ancestors (grandparents, great-grandparents, etc).


 * Where to Write for Georgia Birth, Marriage, Death and Divorce Records

For more information on birth, marriage, and death records in Georgia, see How to Find Georgia Birth Records, How to Find Georgia Marriage Records, and How to Find Georgia Death Records.

Obituaries

 * — index and images
 * Tributes.com at MyHeritage, index, incomplete ($)
 * United States Obituary Notices at Findmypast, index, incomplete ($)
 * U.S., Obituary Collection, 1930-2018 at Ancestry, index ($)
 * at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection
 * Georgia Online Historical Newspapers
 * Georgia Newspapers at Ancestry ($)
 * Chronicling America - Georgia Newspapers
 * Georgia Historic Newspapers, Digital Library of Georgia, index.
 * Georgia Newspaper Archives (1763–2003), Genealogy Bank, index

Cemeteries
'''Notice the rich amount of detail in these FindAGrave records for the Kennedy family. Each name in blue lettering is also a link to another FindAGrave record specific to that person.'''
 * Find-A-Grave.com
 * at FamilySearch - How to Use This Collection
 * U.S., Find A Grave Index, 1600s-Current at Ancestry
 * Billion Graves
 * at FamilySearch - How to Use This Collection
 * BillionGraves Index at Findmypast ($)
 * at FamilySearch - How to Use This Record
 * Tennessee Valley Cemetery Relocation Files, 1933-1990 at Ancestry ($)
 * Georgia Cemetery Records at AccessGenealogy
 * Georgia Cemetery Records at Interment
 * Georgia Tombstone Transcription Project at USGenWeb Transcription Project
 * Online Georgia Obituary and Cemetery Indexes at DeathIndexes





U.S. Social Security Death Index and Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007

 * The U.S. Social Security program began in 1935 but most deaths recorded in the index happened after 1962.
 * The Social Security Death index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits.
 * You can search these records online at
 * Also at Ancestry.com, ($), index.
 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off, by providing information filed in the application or claims process.
 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off, by providing information filed in the application or claims process.


 * If you find your ancestor in the SSDI index, you can order a copy of their original Social Security application (SS-5). If you can prove the individual has died (by sending an obituary or copy of their cemetery headstone), the application will also give the deceased's parents' names, if listed.

Step 5: Search military records: World War I and World War II draft cards.
There are many different types of military records: draft records, enlistment records, service records, pension records, etc. Information in military records can vary from a simple lists of name, age, and residence, to more detailed records including name, residence, age, occupation, marital status, birthplace, physical description, number of dependents, pensions received, disabled veterans, needy veterans, widows or orphans of veterans, and other information. - Example of a World War I draft card. - Example of a World War II draft card.



'''Search the World War I and World War II Draft Collections for male relatives.
- For more information and additional collections, see Georgia Military Records.
 * , index and images.
 * , index and images.

Step 6: Look for church records.
Church records function as vital records. Church records are particularly helpful prior to the advent of civil registration.
 * An infant christening or baptism record documents a birth.
 * Many, if not most, people are married in a church, and then a record is created by the minister.
 * Likewise, ministers presided over funerals, then creating a burial record, which documents a death.



FamilySearch

 * 1754-1960, index, incomplete — How to Use this Collection
 * 1828-1991, index, incomplete — How to Use this Collection
 * 1808-1967, index, incomplete — How to Use this Collection

Ancestry.com

 * Georgia, Select Births and Christenings, 1754-1960, index, incomplete ($)

Dutch Reformed

 * 1856-1970 U.S., Selected States Dutch Reformed Church Membership Records, 1701-1995 at Ancestry; index and images, incomplete.($)
 * 1856-1970 U.S., Dutch Christian Reformed Church Vital Records, 1856-1970 at Ancestry; index and images, incomplete.($)

Presbyterian

 * 1701-1970 U.S., Presbyterian Church Records, 1701-1970 at Ancestry; index and images, incomplete.($)

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 * For help with church records kept in Georgia, see Georgia Church Records.
 * To search records by denomination, if you know your ancestors religion, go to Searching for Church Records by Denomination.

Step 7: Search for online wills and probate packets.

 * County probate records include '''probate proceedings, petitions, affidavits, orders for sales, reports of sales, administrators' and executors' bonds, guardianship papers, wills, and letters of administration.
 * In a will book, usually just a transcription of the will is recorded. But all of these other records are kept in a probate packet.
 * Administrations are probate proceedings that handled an estate if no known will existed.



Search these indexes and images for probate records.

 * United States Wills and Deeds Experimental Search: Georgia
 * Georgia, Wills and Probate Records, 1742-1992, ($), index and images, incomplete.
 * Images.
 * Georgia's Virtual Vault Colonial Will Books Index and images.
 * Georgia's Virtual Vault Colonial Wills Index and images.

Probate Information in County Wiki Articles
Each Georgia county Research Wiki page lists additional probate sources, including where to write for records: Georgia Counties

For more information, see Georgia Probate Records and United States Probate Records.

Step 8: If any ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.
The census records may show that an ancestor was born in another country. It will be necessary to try to find the town or city they were born in to continue research in the country of origin. Searches of immigration records (usually passenger lists) and naturalization (citizenship) records would be the next step.



Georgia Immigration Records

 * United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records
 * 1733-1783 The Germans of Colonial Georgia, 1733-1783 at Ancestry; images only ($)
 * 1890-1924 Index to passenger lists of vessels arriving at ports in Georgia 1890-1924 at FamilySearch; images only
 * 1895-1956 United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956 at MyHeritage; index & images ($); includes those with Destination of Georgia
 * 1895-1964 All U.S., Border Crossings from Mexico to U.S., 1895-1964 at Ancestry; index & images ($); includes those with Destination of Georgia
 * 1904-1939 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection
 * 1904-1962 Georgia, Passenger and Crew Lists, 1904-1962 at Ancestry; index & images ($)
 * 1906-1945 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images

Georgia Naturalization and Citizenship Online Records
- For more information, see Georgia Emigration and Immigration and Georgia Naturalization and Citizenship.
 * United States Naturalization and Citizenship Online Genealogy Records
 * Georgia, Naturalization Records, 1793-1991 ($)
 * Savannah, Georgia, Naturalization Records, 1790-1910 ($)
 * Selected U.S. Naturalization Records - District Courts in the Southeast, 1790-1958 – covers Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee ($)

Local Histories

 * Published histories of towns, counties, and states sometimes contain biographies and accounts of early or prominent families.
 * Here are several websites that feature online copies of printed county histories: Georgia; that will bring up too many hits. Just use the name of the county and "county": for example, "Hyde County"
 * Google Books. Use keywords "Georgia" and the county name. Hits will list online readable books, lists of libraries that carry the book, and purchasing opportunities.
 * Family History Books
 * Internet Archive.Use keywords "Georgia" and the county name.
 * Ancestry.com, ($). In the Card Catalog search box, use Georgia and the name of the county.

FamilySearch Collected Local Histories

 * Local histories are extensively collected by the FamilySearch Library, public and university libraries, and state and local historical societies.
 * If you have access to the FamilySearch Library or a FamilySearch center, you can find local histories by:
 * Go to the FamilySearch Catalog.
 * In the "Place" field, type the name of your county and click "Search".
 * A list of subheadings for the county will appear. Local histories containing genealogies and biographies will be found under Biography, Genealogy, History, or History - Indexes.

Biography Collections
These collections of biographies can be searched online. Most have a table of contents and an index. Or use the "Find" function on a computer.
 * Men of mark in Georgia, Vol. 1, Vol. 2, Vol. 3, Vol. 4, Vol. 5, Vol. 6
 * Biographical souvenir of the states of Georgia and Florida, e-book
 * County &amp; Town Histories of Georgia, with biographies
 * Historical collections of Georgia : containing...biographical sketches, e-book

Step 10: Contact a county historical or genealogical society.
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 * County historical societies have collections that are frequently little known and often overlooked.
 * Many have a surname file, where they have collected genealogies, newspaper clippings, old photographs, etc.
 * Many have a sort of "pioneer ancestor" program, where people can submit pedigrees to prove they are the descendants of an early resident of the county. :*Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia than you.
 * Many have a sort of "pioneer ancestor" program, where people can submit pedigrees to prove they are the descendants of an early resident of the county. :*Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia than you.


 * If you can find the society on the internet, they may list their holdings. Or call them on the phone, find out what they have, and find out what arrangements can be made to search their collection. Frequently, you can hire one of their members to search the collection for you.

This online directory by GenealogyInc. lists historical and genealogical societies by county: Click on the map to select a county, then scroll down to the historical or genealogical society listings. Here is an example of an internet website for a local genealogical society. It shows their main page, and their page explaining how research requests are handled.

Historical Images
Records collected and digitized by FamilySearch can all be found through their Historical Images feature.
 * Georgia, United States Historical Images, New Version
 * Georgia, United States Historical Images, Old Version

Georgia Online Genealogy Records
Search any other online records listed in Georgia Online Genealogy Records. The steps given here are intended to list record sources which can most efficiently identify descendants. Many other online records which might or might not mention descendants are listed in the Georgia Online Genealogy Records page, including immigration records, land records, military records, newspapers, and probate records, and others. These can be records that cover a smaller group within the population, such as men who served in the military, etc.
 * Georgia Online Genealogy Records

Step 12: Study the Research Wiki pages for any county in Georgia.
This article focused more on Georgia state or state-wide records. There is a separate Wiki article for each county in Georgia. This can help you with other records kept on a county level.