User:Janaeelizan7/sandbox/51

History
Following the elimination in 1874 of the last vestiges of the promises that had enticed the Germans to settled on the Volga in the 1760s, immigration began to North and South America. A group of approximately 200 families settled in southern Brazil intending to continue raising wheat as they had in Russia. While many found the soils there fertile, they were unsuitable for wheat.

In Argentina, President Nicolás Avellaneda signed the Immigration and Colonization Act (Law No. 817) on 19 October 1876. While it did not nullify opportunities for spontaneous immigration, it created a system whereby land could be equitably distributed to specific groups of European immigrants who were willing to work the virgin lands of the expanses of sparcely populated land in Argentina.

In August 1877, four representatives of the group that had settled in Brazil (Andreas Basgall, Jakob Lechmann, Johann Berger, and Adam Weimann) traveled to Buenos Aires where they met with Bernardo de Irigoyen, the Minister of the Interior. Mr. Irigoyen proposed a guarantee for up to 50,000 immigrants to be allowed into the country. The Volga German representatives, however, were more interested in reinstating some of the privileges that they had enjoyed earlier in Russia. In addition to good soil for wheat cultivation, the final agreement provided the colonists with exemption from military service, freedom to worship as they chose, and freedom to educate their children in the German language. Following ratification of this agreement by the Argentine Congress, immigration began.

On 24 December 1877, the first group (8 families and 3 single men) arrived in Buenos Aires. They arrived by train in Azul, southwest of Buenos Aires, and then proceeded by ox-drawn carts another 35 kilometers to Hinojo Creek where they arrived on 5 January 1878. There they founded the colony of Hinojo in the Olavarria Partido (District).

Another group that arrived only a few days later settled in Entre Ríos Province, and yet another group that arrived in 1878 settled in Santa Fe Province. By the end of 1878, there were 1,003 living in the Entre Ríos Province, 379 in Buenos Aires Province, and 152 in Santa Fe Province.

The colonies have remained largely inhabited by Volga Germans through the years. Even in 2005, approximately 90 percent of the inhabitants of these Volga German colonies are descendants of the original colonists.

The Centro Argentino Cultural Wolgadeutsche (C.A.C.W.) estimates that there were 2 million people of Volga German ancestry living in Argentina as of 2007. Many of these people now live in the larger towns and cities of Argentina.

PROVINCES OF IMMIGRATION
The first group of Volga German colonists to arrive in Buenos Aires Province in 1878 founded the colony of Hinojo. The second group established a group of colonies in 1887 south of what is today the town of Coronel Suárez. PRIMARY SETTLEMENTS

Location

38°53' S 63°08' W

History

In the early 1930s, following several years of drought, Volga German families who had settled earlier in the rural areas of La Pampa Province resettled to more promising areas like Algarrobo in search of work.

Estación Algarrobo was established when a train station was located there on 31 August 1897. The town of Juan Cousté which was officially founded on 13 December 1909 is serviced by the Algarrobo train station, and the Volga Germans have used the name of Algarrobo to describe this area in which they settled.

Volga German Families

The following Volga German families are known to have settled in Algarrobo:

Beratz Blattner from Köhler Bohn Brost from Volmer Eberling from Preuss Gassner Haberkorn Holzmann from Preuss Jungblut from Preuss Kern Kessler from Louis Kronenberger from Dehler Masson from Dehler & Brabander Mildenberger from Dehler Ramborger Rudel Ruppel Schroh from Volmer Schwab Schwalje Sewalt Stalldecker from Brabander Swenzel Weingart from Rothammel Weisbeck from Hildmann Wesner from Volmer Zimmermann from Seelmann

Sources Minetto, José Francisco. "Por la señal de la cruz: Inmigración y Colonias de alemanes del Volga en La Pampa."

Nestor Haberkorn

Obituaries published in Argentinisches Volksfreund

Names

La Torinesa

Location

37°30' S 62°19' W

History

The town of Arroyo Corto (Short Creek) was founded on 15 April 1884 by Juan Biga and Benigno Gossetti. Its first inhabitants were from the Italian city of Torino, and it became known as "La Torinesa." Over the years, many Volga German families moved there. The expedition of the Stoessel brothers (Adán & Andrés) to travel by car to New York started in Arroyo Corto on 15 April 1928.

Volga German Families

The following Volga German families are known to have settled in Arroyo Corto:

Aman from Hölzel Berg Braun from Brabander Burghardt Dietrich from Volmer Dietzel Eberle Förster from Kamenka Fuhr from Dehler Geist from Hildmann Gerk Gertje from Brabander Gerling Gottfridt Graff Günther from Dehler Haberkorn from Semenovka Hammerschmidt Heiland from Preuss Helbert Herbstsommer Hipperdinger from Hölzel Kern from Brabander Kessler Kihn / Kühn from Kamenka Kisner Kriger / Krieger Maier from Kamenka Martel Martin Melchior from Kamenka Molleker from Brabander Ostertag Philipp from Preuss Redel from Hölzel Reser Roppel Roth Rückert from Preuss Rudel Ruppel from Dehler Sauer from Volmer Schechtel from Josefstal Schell from Dehler Schmidt Scholl from Dehler Schwindt from Kamenka Stoessel from Dehler Wagner from Hölzel Weht from Hölzel Weigel Wesner

Volga German Congregation

There is a Roman Catholic church in Arroyo Corto that serves the faithful there.

Sources Obituaries published in Argentinisches Volksfreund

Location

37°17' S 62°18' W

History

A train station was established at Cascada on 2 November 1910, inaugurating the first settlement of the area.

Although there were once about 1,400 people living in Cascada, today it is mostly a ghost town. The church and school are still active, but most other buildings in this rural community are abandoned.

Volga German Families

The following Volga German families are known to have settled in Cascada:

Becker Betzler from Hölzel Brendel from Preuss Christiani from Dehler Duckart from Husaren Dumrauf from Hölzel Fuhr from Dehler Graf from Volmer Hall from Preuss Hipperdinger from Hölzel Hoffmann from Hölzel Karp from Preuss Nowak from Kamenka Redel from Hölzel Rekovsky from Semenovka Sommer from Pfeifer Stoessel from Dehler Wagner Weth from Brabander

Volga German Congregation

A Roman Catholic church was built in Cascada

Sources Obituaries published in Argentinisches Volksfreund

Names

Colonia Dos, Dehler, Pueblo San José, San José, Segunda

Location

37°31 S 61°55' W

History

San José was founded on 13 April 1887 and is known today as "Pueblo San José" and is located in the Coronel Suárez Partido (Department) of Buenos Aires Province. This colony was originally named Dehler by the first Volga German settlers in reference to the colony from which they had immigrated. Other settlers also came from Volmer.

San José was founded by the following 15 men and their families:

Martin (Martín) Sieben Jakob (Jacobo) Schwab Stephan (Estaban) Heit Jakob (Jacobo) Schell Konrad (Conrado) Schwab Johann (Juan) Förster Johann (Juan) Putbilopsky Johann (Juan) Opholz Nikolaus (Nicolás) Seib Michael (Miguel) Schuck Matthias (Matias) Schönfeld Johann Peter (Juan Pedro) Phillip Adam (Adán) Dannderfer Gottlieb Diel Heinrich (Enrique) Heim

These families were joined in 1907 by another group resettling from Hinojo.

Volga German Congregation

Names

Colonia Tres, Kamenka, Pueblo Santa María, Santa María, Tercera

Location

37º34' S 61º52' W

History

Colonia 3, or the Third Colony (Tercera), was founded in the Coronel Suárez Partido (Section) in Buenos Aires Province on 11 May 1887 and is known today as Pueblo Santa María. It was originally named Kamenka by the first settlers, many of whom originated from that colony in Russia.

Santa María was founded by 24 men and their families:

Johann (Juan) Reser Johann (Juan) Graff Joseph (José) Meier Joseph (José) Schneider Jakob (Jacobo) Fogel Joseph (José) Schroh Joseph (José) Streitenberger Friedrich (Federico) Streitenberger Joseph (José) Meier, Jr. Joseph (José) Schneider, Jr. Michael (Miguel) Schneider Johann (Juan) Schneider Johann (Juan) Dailoff Nikolaus (Nicolás) Walter Joseph (José) Schmidt Jakob (Jacobo) Schwindt Anton (Antonio) Schwindt Michael (Miguel) Siebenhaar Johann (Juan) Maier Nikolaus (Nicolás) Hasper Gottlieb Schneider Jakob (Jacobo) Schermer Johann (Juan) Schwindt Georg (Jorge) Streitenberger (unmarried)

Volga German Congregations

Iglesia Natividad de María Santísima (Catholic Church): The first wood chapel was built in 1888. The current structure was begun in 1897 with the most recent extension completed in the 1950s by artist Salvador Schneider.

Names

Colonia Uno, Der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit, Hildmann, Primera, Pueblo Santa Trinidad, Santa Trinidad, Santisima Trinidad

Location

37°28' S 61°55' W

History

A group of 55 Volga German families from the colonies of Kamenka, Volmer, Schuck, and Hildmann arrived in the port of Buenos Aires on 24 September 1885. They went first to the colony of Hinojo where many of them had relatives. After 18 months, the group realized that there was not enough land near Hinojo for them to farm, and Father Louis (Luis) Servet organized a group to begin negotiations with Eduardo Casey, an Englishman who in 1883 had acquired a plot of land along the Sauce Corto River which flows to the north out of the Curumalán Range. The Provincial Government did not want any more villages to be established, and after 45 days of negotiation, approved a plan whereby the families would live on individual farms. However, the plans for the establishment of a town were eventually approved, and on 3 October 1886, the colony of Primera was founded in the Coronel Suárez Partido (Department) of the Buenos Aires Province. In the early days, it was called Hildmann after the colony in Russia from which many of the founding families had immigrated. Today it is offically known as Pueblo Santa Trinidad.

The following men and their families are part of the founding group:

Johann Franz (Juan Francisco) Jonas Kaspar (Gaspar) Kippes Christian Müller Kaspar (Gaspar) Gerling Peter (Pedro) Conrad Georg (Jorge) Maier Johann (Juan) Galinger Johann (Juan) Triu Louis (Luis) Weispeck Adam (Adán) Hubert Peter (Pedro) Müller Andreas (Andrés) Aschembach Sebastian (Sebastián) Herlein Adam (Adán) Diser Stephan (Esteban) Gerling Johann Franz (Juan Francisco) Haas Jakob (Jacob) Bahl Christopher (Cristóbal) Heit Peter (Pedro) Kippes

Sources Maier Schwerdt, Héctor & Julio C. Melchior. Antiguas tradiciones de los Alemanes del Volga.

HISTORY

In the 1950s and 1960s large numbers of Volga German descendants moved into the city of Buenos Aires (Federal Capital District) and the surrounding suburbs.

PRIMARY SETTLEMENTS


 * City Bell
 * Location: 34°51' S 58°03'W


 * History: City Bell was founded in 1900 by immigrants from England. It is named after the leader of this early group, Jorge (George) Bell. Volga German families from Irazusta (Entre Ríos) moved to City Bell, a southeastern suburb of Buenos Aires.


 * Volga German Congregations:There is a Congregational parish in City Bell.


 * Ezpeleta
 * Location: 34° 46' S 58° 15' W


 * History: The history of the Ezpeleta area goes back to the second founding of the city of Buenos Aires just to the north in 1580. It officially became a town on 19 December 1904 and was named after Mariano Ezpeleta, a general during the expedition to Paraguay.

Volga German families from the rural areas of Argentina settled in Ezpeleta, a southern suburb of Buenos Aires.


 * Volga German Congregation: There is a Congregational parish in Ezpeleta.


 * José C. Paz
 * History: Volga German families from the rural areas of Argentina have moved to José C. Paz, a northern suburb of Buenos Aires.


 * José L. Suárez
 * Location: 34°31' S 58°34' W


 * History: The current settlement of José L. Suárez, a northern suburb of Buenos Aires, began in the 1940s with the urban grow


 * Merlo
 * Location: 34°39' S 58°43' W


 * History: Merlo was founded as the village of Villa San Antonio del Camino in 1755 by Francisco de Merlo (1693-1758) and rebuilt by Juan Dillon with the opening of a train station on 11 August 1859.


 * Volga German families from Lucas Norte and Chañar moved to Merlo, a northwestern suburb of Buenos Aires.


 * Monte Grande
 * Location: 34°48' S 58°28' W


 * History: Monte Grande was founded on 3 April 1889. It is called Monte Grande because the elevation is higher than the surrounding area, and early Spanish settlers had planted it with European trees.


 * Volga German families from San Antonio moved to Monte Grande, a southwestern suburb of Buenos Aires.


 * Pablo Mongués
 * Location: 34°28'44 S 58°42' W


 * History: Volga German families from the rural areas of Argentina have moved to Pablo Nogués, a northern suburb of Buenos Aires


 * San Justo
 * Location: 34°40' S 58°33' W


 * History: San Justo was founded 25 December 1858 on land requisitioned from prominent land owner Justo Villegas. It is now a western suburb of Buenos Aires.


 * Volga German families from the rural areas of Argentina have moved to San Justo.


 * Volga German Congregations: There are both Missouri Synod Lutheran and Congregational parishes in San Justo.


 * Villa Ballester
 * Location: 34°31' S 58°32' W


 * History: Villa Ballester is a northern suburb of the Buenos Aires metropolitan area. It was founded on 26 October 1889 and is named after Pedro Ballester whose family owned the fields where the town sprang up.

In the 1950s and 1960s, many people from San Antonio moved to Villa Ballester.

CVGS Resources
Gonzales, C. A. (2001). Germans from Russia in Argentina : their history and culture.

Miller, M. M., Garske, Andy, Reeves-Marquardt, Dona B., Michaels, Dan, Dambach, Bob, & Prairie Public Broadcasting. (2015). We (never) don't forget : Germans from Russia in South America. Fargo, N.D.: Prairie Public Broadcasting.

Riffel, J. (1928). ''Die Russlanddeutschen Insbesondere die Wolgadeutschen am La Plata (Argentinien, Uruguay und Paraguay). Festschrift zum 50-jährigen Jubiläum ihrer Einwanderung (1878-1928)''.

Graefe, I. B., & Wolfram, Richard. (1971). Zur Volkskunde der Russlanddeutschen in Argentinien. Wien: Verlag A. Schendl.

Sources

Göttig, Jorge Luis. Los primeros contingentes de Alemanes del Volga en la Argentina: Una aproximaciórica.

Göttig, Jorge Luis. 1881 Census of Colonia General Alvear

Ley Avellaneda de Inmigración y Colonización

Centro Argentino Cultural Wolgadeutsche