Iowa History

United States Iowa Iowa History

Local history books for Iowa’s counties, cities, and towns contain biographical and historical information. Some have information on families back to the 1600s. The information about individuals may include age, birth date, birthplace, county origins and boundaries, death information, divorce, ethnicity, historical background, immigration date, names of living relatives, wife’s maiden name, marriage information, naturalization information, occupation, parents’ names, childrens’ names, names of other family members, place of previous residence, religion, and information about social activities.

Timeline
The following important events in the history of Iowa affected political jurisdictions, record-keeping, and family movements.


 * 1673: French explorers, Jolliet and Marquette, were in the region of Iowa.
 * 1762: The land was ceded to Spain.
 * 1788: The first white settlement (for lead mining) was established in Iowa, but it was abandoned in 1810.
 * 1800: The land was returned to France.
 * 1803: The United States acquired the area from France as part of the Louisiana Purchase.
 * 1803–32: The Iowa area remained Indian land and was not open to legal settlement.
 * 1805: Iowa was a part of the Louisiana Purchase.
 * 1808: Fort Madison was built by the United States Army. Iowa’s area was included in the Illinois Territory in 1808
 * 1812: Part of the Missouri Territory in 1812 through 1821. It was not under any territorial government from 1821 to 1834.
 * 1830: Potawatomi Indians ceded land
 * 1831: Sauk and Fox Indian tribes moved to Iowa from Illinois.
 * 1832: The Black Hawk War took place.
 * About 1832: Denmark in Lee County, thought to be first thoroughly Yankee settlement west of the Mississippi.
 * 1833: The first permanent white settlements were made in eastern Iowa. Between 1833 and 1851 a series of treaties extinguished Indian claims to the land.
 * 1834: Congress attached the area to the Michigan Territory.
 * 1834: Half Breed Tract
 * 1836: Iowa was transferred to the Wisconsin Territory. [[Image:Iowa Indians.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Iowa Indians.jpg]]
 * 1836: Keokuk Indian Reserve
 * 12 June 1838: The Iowa Territory was established. It included all of present-day Iowa, Minnesota, and parts of North and South Dakota.
 * About 1836: Early settlements by French include St. Marys in Pottawattomie County; Dubuque in Dubuque County; Girard (now McGregor) in Clayton County; Bellevue in Jackson County; Monrose in Lee County; Salix in Woodbury County, Woolstock in Wright County; Gilbertville in Blackhawk County.
 * 1840: Lamoni in Decatur County, founded by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, from New England.
 * 1846: Potawatomi Indians ceded land
 * 1846: Mormon settlements include Garden Grove in Decatur County, settlement near Osceola in Clark County, eastern part of Union county, southwest part of Cass County; southern part of Mills County; and Kanesville (now Council Bluffs).
 * 28 December 1846: Iowa, with its present boundaries, became a state.
 * August 1847: About 1,000 Hollanders under the direction fo Henry Peter Scholte settled northeast part of Marion County,now town of Pella. They came from Utrecht, Leerdam, Noordeloos, Amsterdam and other cities in Holland.
 * 1850–60: The population of Iowa nearly tripled as immigrants poured in from the older midwestern states and Europe.
 * Summer of 1854: Cholera epidemic raged through midwestern states and a severe drought in Ohio in the summer of 1854 brought more than 150,000 home seekers to Iowa.
 * March 1857: Spirit Lake Massacre, Dickinson County, Iowa
 * 28 July 1851: Indians turned over all their land in Iowa and most of their territory in Minnesota.
 * 1861–65: Over 75,000 Iowans served in the Union armed forces during the War.
 * 1867: The first railroad was built from the Mississippi River to Council Bluffs.
 * 1873: Iowa, known as the Hawkeye State and the Corn Capital of the World
 * 1893–1930s: State experienced financial depressions.
 * 1898: Over 300,000 men were involved in the Spanish-American War which was fought mainly in Cuba and the Philippines.
 * 1917–1918: More than 26 million men from the United States ages 18 through 45 registered with the Selective Service. World War I over 4.7 million American men and women served during the war.
 * 1930's: The Great Depression closed many factories and mills. Many small farms were abandoned, and many families moved to cities.
 * 1940–1945: Over 50.6 million men ages 18 to 65 registered with the Selective Service. Over 16.3 million American men and women served in the armed forces during World War II.
 * 1950–1953: Over 5.7 million American men and women served in the Korean War.
 * 1950's–1960's The building of interstate highways made it easier for people to move long distances.
 * 1964–1972: Over 8.7 million American men and women served in the Vietnam War.

Historical Content
Histories are great sources of genealogical information. Many contain biographical information about individuals who lived in the area, including:

Local Histories
Some of the most valuable sources for family history research are local histories. Published histories of towns, counties, and states usually contain accounts of families. They describe the settlement of the area and the founding of churches, schools, and businesses. You can also find lists of pioneers, soldiers, and civil officials. Even if your ancestor is not listed, information on other relatives may be included that will provide important clues for locating your ancestor. A local history may also suggest other records to search. Local histories are extensively collected by the Family History Library, public and university libraries, and state and local historical societies. A bibliography of Iowa county histories is at the beginning of the following book:


 * Morford, Charles. Biographical Index to the County Histories of Iowa.


 * Filby, P. William. A Bibliography of American County Histories.


 * Kaminkow, Marion J. United States Local Histories in the Library of Congress.


 * Western Publishing Company; History of Western Iowa, Its Settlement and Growth

State Histories Useful to Genealogists
Good genealogists strive to understand the life and times of their ancestors. In this sense, any history is useful. But certain kinds of state, county, and local histories, especially older histories published between 1845 and 1945, often include biographical sketches of prominent individuals. The sketches usually tend toward the laudatory, but may include some genealogical details. If these histories are indexed or alphabetical, check for an ancestor's name. Some examples for the State of


 * Gue, Benjamin F. History of Iowa from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century.

An important bibliography that mentions books and articles about every major aspect of Iowa’s history is:


 * Petersen, William John. Iowa History Reference Guide. This bibliography includes sections about American Indians, immigration, land, government, courts, military, schools, churches, businesses, history, and biographies. It is arranged by subject and has an index.

There is an unusual set of records dealing with Iowa’s history from 1827 to 1857:


 * United States. Department of State. Territorial Papers of Iowa, 1838–1852. Many aspects of Iowa’s state, local, and family histories are treated in these records. For example: military pension applications, military academy cadet applications, court records (1827-1845), land office records, Virginia warrant scrip, muster rolls giving enlistment town or city (1837-1857), military post records listing sick, wounded, and dead, Bureau of Indian Affairs records, Indian treaties, commissions for judges, marshals, attorneys, surveyors, and postmasters.


 * Dawson, Patricia and David Hudson, comp., Iowa history and culture: a bibliography of materials published between 1952 and 1986 This book supplements the book mentioned above. For a supplement covering 1987–1991, see the Annals of Iowa (1993).

You may wish to consult the following sources for more information about Iowa:


 * Eichholz, Alice, ed. Ancestry’s Red Book Contains bibliographies and background information on history and ethnic groups. Also contains maps and tables showing when each county was created.

United States History
The following are only a few of the many sources that are available:


 * Schlesinger, Jr., Arthur M. The Almanac of American History. This provides brief historical essays and chronological descriptions of thousands of key events in United States history.


 * Dictionary of American History, This includes historical sketches on various topics in U.S. history, such as wars, people, laws, and organizations. A snippet view is available at


 * Webster's Guide to American History: A Chronological, Geographical, and Biographical Survey and Compendium. This includes a history, some maps, tables, and other historical information.


 * Writings on American History

To find more books and articles about Iowa 's history use the Internet Google search for phases like "Iowa history." Family History Library Catalog Surname Search lists many more histories under topics like:


 * IOWA- HISTORY
 * IOWA. [COUNTY] - HISTORY
 * IOWA, [COUNTY], [TOWN] - HISTORY
 * IOWA, BIBLIOGRAPHY

Websites

 * History of Iowa is an excellent article in the IOWA OFFICIAL REGISTER.
 * Iowa History
 * Iowa Pathways is a great way to explore Iowa with it's informative articles.
 * State Historical Society of Iowa
 * The Historic Period of Iowa
 * An illustrated history of the state of Iowa, being a complete civil, political, and military history of the state, from its first exploration down to 1875