Arizona History

The following important events in the history of Arizona affected political boundaries, record keeping, and family movements.

1776 : The Spanish established a garrison at Tucson.

1821: Arizona became a part of Mexico. Apache troubles eliminated white settlements except in Tucson.

1846: The Mormon Battalion built Cooke's Wagon Road, south of the Gila River. The road became a favorite route into Arizona and California for early prospectors and pioneers.

1848-1853: Mexico ceded the portion of Arizona north of the Gila River to the United States. This became part of New Mexico Territory in 1850. In 1853, the Gadsden Purchase added the area south of the Gila.

1863-1866: Arizona was organized as a separate territory. The first four counties were organized in 1864. In 1866, the northwestern part of Arizona Territory was transferred to the new state of Nevada.

1870-1910 : The non-Indian population of Arizona increased from fewer than 10,000 to over 200,000 as settlers moved in from many states and countries.

1912: Arizona became a state.

Sources for studying the history of Arizona include:

Farish, Thomas Edwin. History of Arizona. Eight Volumes, San Francisco, California: Filmer Brothers Electrotype Company, 19--? Reprint of Phoenix, Arizona: N.p., 1915-18. (FHL book 979.1 H2f; v. 1-4 on film 934825 items 1-4.)

Wyllys, Rufus Kay. Arizona: The History of a Frontier State. Phoenix, Arizona: Hobson and Herr, 1950. (FHL book 979.1 H2w.)

A bibliography that includes some local histories is Donald M. Powell, Arizona Gathering II, 1950-1969: An Annotated Bibliography (Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press, 1973; FHL book 979.1 A3pa).