Indigenous Peoples of Washington

Bands and Tribes of Washington
Chathlamet, Cathlapotle, Cayuse, Chehalis, Chelan, Chinook, Chilluckittequaw, Callam, Chimakum, Clackamas, Clallum, Clapsop. Coeur d'Alene,Colum, Colville, Copalis, Cowlitz, Duwamish, Hoh, Humptulip, Kalispel, Klallam, Klickitat, Kwaiailk, Swalhioqua, Lummi, Makah, Methow, Mical, Muckleshoot, Neketemeuk, Nespelem, Nez Perce, Nisqually, Nooksack, Ntlayapamuk, Okanagon, Ozette, Palouse, Pshwanwapam, Puyallup, Queets or Quitso, Quileute, Quinault, Quillayute, Sahehwamish, Salish, Sanpoil, Satsop, Semiahmoo, Senijextee, Sinkaietk, Sinkakaius, Skagit, Sinkiuse-Columbia, Skagit-Suiattle, Skitswish, Skilloot, Skin, Snohomish, Snoqualmie, Spokane, Swuaxon or Squakson, Suquamish, Suiattle, Swallah, Swinomish, Taidnapam, Topnish, Tulalip, Twana, Wallawalla, Wanapum, Wasco, Watlala, Wauyukma, Wenatchee, Wishram, Wynoochee, Yakima

Confederated Tribes: Colville, Okanogan, Lakees, San Poil, Methow, Nespelem, Entiat, Wenatchee, Moses, Nez Pearce, Palouse

Reference


 * Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of Ethonology, Bulletin #30 1907. (Family History Library film 1320577 Item 1.)


 * Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. (http://www.accessgenealogy.com ) Smithsonian Institution,Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin #145.

Reservations
As identified in the National Atlas of the United States of America, the following reservations named in bold are current federally-recognized reservations:


 * Chehalis Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribes: Chehalis
 * Colville Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Colville Agency, Tribes: Confederated Tribes
 * Hoh Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe: Hoh
 * Jamestown Reservation
 * Kalispel Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Spokane Agency, Tribe: Kalispel
 * Lower Elwha Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe: Clallam
 * Lummi Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribes: Lummi and Nooksack
 * Makah Reservation -- Federal, under the juisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe: Makah
 * Muckleshoot Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe: Muckleshoot
 * Nez Perce Reservation -- Part of this reservation historically was in Washington. See Indians of Idaho for additional information.
 * Nisqually Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe Nisqually
 * Nooksack Reservation
 * Ozette Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of __________, Tribe:_______
 * Port Gamble Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe: Clallam
 * Port Madison Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe: Suquamish
 * Puyallup Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe Puyallup
 * Quileute Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe: Quileute
 * Quinault Reservation -- Federal. under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe: Quinault
 * Saulk-Suiattle Reservation--State, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe:
 * Shoalwater Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribes: Quinault, Chinook, and Chehalis
 * Skokomish Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe: Skokomish
 * Spokane Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Spokane Agency, Tribe: Spokane
 * Squaxin Island Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Olympic Peninsula Agency, Tribe: Squaxin Island
 * Stillaguamish Reservation, State, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe:_____
 * Swinomish Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe: Swinomish
 * Tulalip Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Puget Sound Agency, Tribe: Snohomish
 * Upper Skagit Tribe
 * Yakama Reservation -- Federal, under the jurisdiction of Yakima Agency, Tribe Fourteen Confederated Tribes from the Yakima Nation

Reference


 * Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Re servations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991. (Family History Library book 973 E5o.)

Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs
Agencies were created as an administrative division of the federal government to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.


 * Coeur d'Alene Agency
 * Columbia River (Southern) District Agency
 * Colville Agency, P.O. Box 111, Nespelem, WA 99155
 * Cushman Agency
 * Flathead (Eastern District) Agency
 * Fort Peck Agency
 * Neah Bay Agency
 * Nisqually Agency
 * Olympic Peninsula Agency, P.O.Box 120, Officce Building Hoquiam, WA, 98550
 * Nez Perce (Washington East of the Cascades) Agency
 * Northern Idaho Agency
 * Puget Sound Agency, 3006 Colby St., Federal Bldg, Everett, Wa, 98201
 * Puyallup Agency
 * Quinaielt Agency
 * Skokomish Agency
 * Spokane Agency, P.O.Box 389, Wellpinit, WA, 99040
 * Swinomish Agency
 * Taholah Agency
 * Tulalip Agency
 * Umatilla Agency -- in Oregon
 * Washington East of the Cascades Agency
 * Yakima Agency, P.O. Box 632, Toppenish, WA 98948

Reference


 * Hill, Edward E. T'he Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library book 970.1 H551o.)

Indian Schools
The Office of Indian Affairs (now the Bureau of Indian Affairs) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on Indian children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools which served Indian children from a number of tribes and reservations.

In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on American Indian children. (read more...)


 * Cushman School
 * Neah Bay School
 * Taholah School

Family History Library
A wealth of genealogical information is available for the various Indian tribes in Washington. Besides published histories, the Family History Library has microfilm copies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) records of births, marriages, deaths, censuses, schools, land allotments, heirships, and family records. They are available from about 1887 to 1952 from agencies such as the Colville, Puyallup, Taholah, Tulalip, and Yakama. The original documents are at the National Archives—Pacific Northwest Region (Seattle).

An especially useful source is the collection, Family Index Cards, 1938-1950, created by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Portland Area Office (Family History Library films 1028470 item 4 to 1028471).

Records of American Indians are also listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under the names of the agency or tribe. Some of these tribes are the Nez Perce, Yakama, and Chinook.


 * Washington Superintendency records (on 26 Family History Library films beginning with 1637277.)
 * Jesuits records 1853-1960 ( on 34 films Family History Library beginning with 1671639 .)

See Also:
Washington-Church for a list of Missions

Washington-History for a calendar of events

Washington-Military for a list of forts

Web Sites
National Archives: http://www.archives.gov/pacific-alaska/seattle/

Bureau of Indian Affairs: http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html