United States Census, 1850 - FamilySearch Historical Records

Collection Time Period
The U.S. federal census was conducted each decade from 1790-present. This information pertains to censuses conducted in 1850, 1860, and 1870.

Record Description
Population schedules consisted of large sheets with rows and columns. The schedules were arranged by place, such as township or post office. The places were not filed in any particular order. The arrangement of families on a schedule is normally in the order in which the enumerator visited the households.

Record Content


Important genealogical information in the 1850census:


 * Full name
 * Age (can be used to approximate birth year)
 * Sex
 * Race
 * Birthplace
 * Occupation
 * Whether married during the previous year
 * Town, township, or post office of residence

How to Use the Records
The U.S. federal census is the best source to quickly identify a family group and residence. Use the place of residence, and the birth state for each person along with his or her age to search for other record types. The census identifies other persons in the household and how they are related. The census may identify persons for whom other records do not exist.

Record History
Federal census takers were asked to record information about all those who were in each household on the census day, which was 1 June. A census taker might have visited a house on a later date, but the information he collected was supposed to be about the people who were in the house on the census day. The basic census enumeration unit was the county. Each county was divided into enumeration districts, one for each enumerator. The completed forms were sent to the Census Office in the Commerce Department in Washington D.C.

Why This Collection Was Created?
The U.S. federal census was taken at the beginning of every decade to apportion the number of representatives that a state could send to the House of Representatives in Congress. In the absence of a national system of vital registration, many vital statistics and personal questions were asked to provide a statistical profile of the nation and its states.

Record Reliability
Federal censuses are usually reliable, depending on the knowledge of the informant and the care of the census enumerator. Information may have been given to a census taker by any member of the family or by a neighbor. Some information may have been incorrect or deliberately falsified.

Known Issues with This Collection
The 1850 U.S. Census collection appears to be missing records for Union County, Georgia. The records were indexed and are in the collection; however, they have been incorrectly assigned the county of Twiggs. The work-around for this problem is to use Twiggs County as part of your search criteria.

Related Web Sites
United States Census Online

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Related Wiki Articles
United States Federal Census

Citing FamilySearch Historical Collections
When you copy information from a record, you should also list where you found the information. This will help you or others to find the record again. It is also good to keep track of records where you did not find information, including the names of the people you looked for in the records.

A suggested format for keeping track of records that you have searched is found in the Wiki Article: How to Cite FamilySearch Collections

Examples of Source Citations for a Record in This Collection
"Unites States Census, 1850." index and images, FamilySearch (http://www.familysearch.org)): accessed 8 April 2011. entry for Barbara Billingsly, age 15; citing Census Records, FHL microfilm 7,757; United States Census Office, National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Sources of Information for This Collection:
"U.S. Census Population Schedule, 1850" database, FamilySearch (http://www.familysearch.org); from United States Census Office. 7th Census. Digital images of originals housed at the National Archives, Washington, D.C.. FHL microfilm. Family History Library, Salt Lake City, Utah.