United States, Civil War Service Records of Union Colored Troops - FamilySearch Historical Records

United States

What is in This Collection?
The collection consists of compiled military service records of volunteers who served in the United States Colored Troops. The records include abstracts of entries relating to the soldier as found in original records such as muster rolls, payrolls, hospital and prison records. A file may also include original documents. Many volunteers were former slaves who enlisted after the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863. This collection is a part of Record Group 94,Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1780s-1917. Colored Troops Division, Administrative History Note

For each military unit, the service records are arranged alphabetically by the soldier's surname. The Military Unit field may also display the surname range (A-G) as found on the microfilm. The information in this index is quite reliable. However, keep in mind that even though this index is very accurate it still may contain inaccuracies, such as altered spellings or misinterpretations. Index courtesy of www.fold3.com (Previously called Footnote.com).

Compiled Military Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers serving with the United States Colored Troops have been microfilmed by the National Archives for the following military units.
 * 1st through 5th United States Colored Cavalry; 5th Massachusetts Cavalry (Colored); 6th United States Colored Cavalry, M1817, 107 rolls
 * Artillery Organizations, M1818, 299 rolls
 * 1st U.S. Colored Infantry, 1st South Carolina Volunteers (Colored) Company A, 1st U.S. Colored Infantry, M1819, 19 rolls
 * 2nd through 7th Colored Infantry including 3d Tennessee Volunteers (African Descent), 6th Louisiana Infantry ( African Descent), and 7th Louisiana Infantry (African Descent), M1820, 116 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 8th through 13th including the 11(new). M1821, 109 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 14th through 19th, M1822, 105 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 20th through 25th, M1823, 98 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 26th through 30th, Including the 29th Connecticut (Colored), M1824, 108 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 31st through 35th, M1992, 86 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 36th through 40th, M1993, 116 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 36th through 40th, M1993 Microfilm pamphlet
 * Infantry Organizations, 41st through 46th, M1994, 113 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 47th through 55th, M2000, 183 rolls
 * 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment (Colored), M1898, 20 rolls
 * 55th Massachusetts Infantry (Colored), M1801, 16 rolls


 * Additions to this index will be included as they become available.

Related Articles

 * Budge Weidman. ''Black Soldiers in the Civil War. Preserving the Legacy of the United States Colored Troops."
 * Black Soldiers in the Civil War. Compiled Service Records
 * Black Soldiers in the U.S. Military During the Civil War

National Archives Catalog Related Collections
''' Disbursing Branch, 1863-1868. Provost Marshal General's Branch(Civil War). RG 110 -Images of Muster Rolls'''
 * 1st Regiment, United States Colored Cavalry, NAID 12388470
 * 4th/5th Regiment, United States Colored Heavy Artillery and Attached Letter, NAID 12388513
 * 8th Regiment, United States Colored Troops, NAID 12388553
 * 23rd Regiment, United States Colored Troops, NAID 12388603
 * 49th Regiment, United States Colored Troops, NAID 12388657

'''[https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10461617 Colored Troops Division,1863-1888. Adjutant General's Office RG 94] '''
 * Register of Colored Troops, 1869. NAID 602251
 * Record of Colored Enlistments, 12.1869-6.1887. NAID 602253
 * Record of Regiments, 1863-1865. NAID 602258
 * Register of Colored Troops Enlisted for Service and Bounty Paid, 8.1864-2.1865. NAID 602306
 * Register of Discharge Certificates of Enlisted Men, 1866-1867. NAID 6267254
 * Register of Claims for the U.S. Colored Troops, 1864-1867. NAID 608297
 * Register of Colored Men Enlisted in U.S. Service by the Commissioner of the Organization of Colored Troops in the States of Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky, 1863 - 1864. NAID 6267253
 * Descriptive Lists of Colored Volunteers, 1864. NAID 1223643 State of Missouri.
 * Register of U.S. Colored Troop Deaths During the Civil War, 1861 - 1865

''' Adjutant General's Office. RG 94 '''
 * List of the Names of the Enlisted Men of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment Missing After the Assault on Fort Wagner, South Carolina. NAID 300389
 * Register of U.S. Colored Troop Deaths During the Civil War, 1861-1865. NAID 1226169

''' Bounty and Claims Division,1884-1889. Adjutant General's Office. RG 94'''
 * Registers of Claims for the U.S. Colored Troops, 1864-1867. NAID 608297
 * Records of Slave Claims Commissions, 1867. NAID 608296 Delaware,Kentucky,Maryland,Missouri,Tennessee and West Virginia.

''' Provost Marshal General's Bureau. RG 110'''
 * Register of Maryland Colored Troops, Showing Free or Slave Status, 1863-1865. NAID 16730630

 Accounting Officers of the Department of the Treasury, RG 217 
 * Registers of Payments to U.S. Colored Troops, 11.1867-11.1885. NAID 2584173

 Records of the United States District Courts, RG 21
 * Slave Compensation Files, 1866-1867 - National Archives Catalog. NAID 6037029

Freedmen's Bureau Related Collection
 * After the war, many veterans received assistance from the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, in applying for and receiving pensions. Pension claims may be found among the Bureau’s records.

 Additional Sources
 * USCT Pension Files: Center for Family History. International African American Museum
 * Ancestry ($) Searchable Civil War service records
 * Transcribing United States Colored Troop Documents Project

What Can These Records Tell Me?
The following information may be found in these records: • 2

Collection Content
The records are in individual files and usually include the following:
 * A jacket-envelope for each soldier, labeled with his name, rank, and the unit in which he served
 * A card (or cards) with abstracts of entries from original muster rolls, returns, rosters, payrolls, appointment books, hospital registers, parole rolls, and inspection reports
 * The originals of any papers relating only to the particular soldier

How Do I Search This Collection?
To begin your search you need to know:
 * The name of your ancestor
 * The age and birth place of your ancestor
 * The military unit in which your ancestor served

How Do I Analyze the Results?
Compare each result from your search with what you know to determine if there is a match. This may require viewing multiple records or images. Keep track of your research in a research log.

I Found the Person I Was Looking For, What Now?

 * Add any new information to your records
 * Use the estimated age to calculate a birth date
 * Use the age and location of the military unit to find the soldier’s family in census, church, and land records
 * Continue to search the index and records to identify other relatives
 * When looking for a person who had a common name, look at all the entries for the name before deciding which is correct
 * You may need to compare the information of more than one family or person to make this determination
 * Be aware that, as with any index, transcription errors may occur

I Can't Find the Person I'm Looking For, What Now?

 * Look for variant spellings of the names. You should also look for alias names, nicknames and abbreviated names
 * Try alternative search methods such as only filling in the surname search box (or the given name search box) on the landing page leaving the other box empty and then click on search. This should return a list of everyone with that particular name. You could then browse the list for individuals that may be your ancestor

Research Helps
The following articles will help you research your family in the United States.
 * US Military Basic Search Strategies
 * Beginning Research in United States Military Records
 * Beginning United States Civil War Research
 * Locating a Union Civil War Soldier (1861-1865)
 * Researching African American Genealogy
 * United States Guided Research
 * United States Record Finder
 * United States Research Tips and Strategies

Other FamilySearch Collections
These collections may have additional materials to help you with your research.

FamilySearch Catalog
State Sources
 * Slave Claims Commission Records, Delaware, Kentucky
 * Sandra K. Gorin. Kentucky Civil War slave compensation claims.Glasgow, Kentucky : Gorin Genealogical Publishing, 2017. FS Library 976.9 M2gss
 * Compiled records showing service of military units in volunteer Union organizations Rolls 204-217
 * William A. Gladstone, United States Colored troops, 1863-1867Gettysburg, Pennsylvania : Thomas Publications, ©1990 FS Library 973 M2gwa
 * Ira Berlin, Joseph P. Reidy, Leslie S. Rowland, ed. Freedom's soldiers : the Black military experience in the Civil War Cambridge, England : Cambridge University Press, 1998 FS Library 973 M2bfs
 * Juanita Patience Moss. Forgotten Black soldiers who served in white regiments during the Civil War. 2 v. Westminster, Maryland : Heritage Books, Inc., 2008-2014
 * Hondon B. Hargrove. Black Union soldiers in the Civil War. Jefferson, North Carolina : McFarland & Co., c1988 973 H2har]
 * David L. Valuska The African American in the Union Navy 1861-1865.New York, New York : Garland Pub. Co., c1993
 * Juanita Patience Moss, The forgotten black soldiers in white regiments during the Civil War Westminster, Maryland : Heritage Books, Inc., c2004 FS Library 973 F2mfb
 * Maine, Civil War colored soldiers enlistment papers, 1863-1865
 * Eric Eugene Johnson, Ohio's black soldiers who served in the Civil War Bellville, Ohio : Ohio Genealogical Society, ©2014 FS Library 977.1 M26j
 * Enrollment and report of the "Black Brigade" of Cincinnati. Cincinnati, Ohio, 1864

FamilySearch Historical Records

 * United States Civil War Service Records of Union Colored Troops, 1863-1865.
 * United States, Missouri, Recruitment Lists of Volunteers for the United States Colored Troops, 1863-1865
 * Freedmen's Bureau Branch Records
 * Freedmen's Bureau Claim Records
 * United States General Index to Pension Files, 1861-1934.

FamilySearch Digital Library

 * Joseph B. Ross, comp. Tabular analysis of the records of the U.S. colored troops and their predecessor units in the National Archives of the United States Washington, D.C. : NARS, 1973
 * Center of Military History: Freedom by the Sword The United States Colored Troops, 1862-1867

Related Wiki Articles

 * United States Colored Troops in the Civil War
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops 1st through 39th
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops 40th through 84th
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops 85th through 138th
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops by State
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops A to Z
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Infantry Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Cavalry Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Artillery Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Band Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Unassigned Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Other Units

Citing This Collection
Citations help you keep track of places you have searched and sources you have found. Identifying your sources helps others find the records you used.

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