World War I United States Military Records, 1917 to 1918

The United States entered World War I in April 1917. Over 4.7 million men and women served in the regular U.S. forces, national guard units, and draft units. There were 53,402 killed in action, 63,114 deaths from disease and other causes, and about 205,000 wounded. New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Ohio furnished the most soldiers.

Service Records
Many records may no longer be available because of a 1973 fire at the National Personnel Records Center.

National Personnel Records Center                           (Military Personnel Records)                            9700 Page Boulevard                            St. Louis, MO 63132 www.archives.gov/facilities/mo/st_louis/military_personnel_records.html

Army Reference Branch                           Telephone: 202-501-5430

Air Force Reference Branch                           Telephone: 202-512-1800

Navy Reference Branch                           (includes Marine Corps and Coast Guard)                            Telephone: 314-538-4141


 * Check with a nearby Veterans Administration for other kinds of records such as hospital and disability records.
 * State archives in the state where your ancestor lived may have records. (For addresses, see the state articles.)
 * County courthouses may have discharge papers. (For addresses, see Everton'sHandybook for Genealogistsor the internet.)
 * You can also contact the state archives in the state where your ancestor lived.

Indexes mentioning some sailors are the following:
Index to Rendezvous Reports, Naval Auxiliary Service, 1917–1918. National Archives Microfilm Publication T1100. (FHL film 1380690.) Lists the name, enlistment date, date of assignment, and place.

Index to Rendezvous Reports, Armed Guard Personnel, 1917–1920. National Archives Microfilm Publication T1101. (FHL films 1380696–98.) Lists the name, enlistment date, rank, dates of service, and name of vessel served on.

Awards
Navy WWI Victory Medal site has a picture of the medal and gives the history of it: www.history.navy.mil/medals/ww1vic.htm

Casualties
World War I Honor Roll by the American Battle Monuments Commission has a database of 33,717 casualties buried in their cemeteries or listed on the Walls of the Missing. www.abmc.gov/searchw.htm This site says there were 118,518 American casualties in World War I.

Minorites
The following Internet sites have information about minorities during WWI: • Black Soldiers in WWI (Father Ryan High School) = www.fatherryan.org/blackmilitary/ww1.htm • Military History Online = www.militaryhistoryonline.com/wwi/articles/fightingforrespect.aspx • Government Documents Library = gateway.library.uiuc.edu/doc/exhibits/segmil/segregationmil.htm

Prisoners of War
There is no complete list of prisoners of war (POWs). However there are several partial lists.

The following site lists POWs. Click on POW, then a state. Gives name, rank, and name and address of next of kin. www.accessgenealogy.com/worldwar

To find other lists, do a Google search for US POWS WWII [country where a prisoner]. Also try by spelling out US, POWs, and WWII.

Examples: North China Marines Unit Roster giving names, ranks, and prisons = www.northchinamarines.com/home/id1.html World War II-Prisoners of War-Stalag Luft I giving names and home towns = www.merkki.com/the_roommates.htm

Women
Women and War = www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWwomen.htm Women in World War One = userpages.aug.com/captbarb/femvets4.html Women and the US Navy, WWI Era = www.history.navy.mil/photos/prs-tpic/females/yeoman-f.htm

Pension Records
The Department of Veteran Affairshas benefit claims files. Veteran files are located at the regional office closest to the residence of the veteran at the time of application. Ask the staff at the Veterans Affairs office in your area for help in obtaining copies of papers in the files. The staff can process requests of families of veterans. To find phone numbers and addresses look in the following source:

Johnson, Richard S. ''How to Locate Anyone Who Is or Has Been in the Military. (7th ed. Ft. Sam Houston, Tex.: Military Information Enterprises, 1996). (FHL book 973 M27j 1996.) This book discusses various methods and addresses to locate and contact present and former military members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, and Reserve components.

Draft Records
Twenty-four million men who were born between 13 September 1873 and 12 September 1900 (between the ages of 18 and 45) registered for the draft. A good index for men born between 1872 and 1899 is the WWI draft registration cards. There were 3 registrations: • 1917 (June 5) for men ages 21-31 (give birth years) • 1918 (June) for men who reached age 21 since previous registration • 1918 (12 Sep) for men ages 18-45

Draft registration index and images are available online at http://content.ancestry.com/iexec/?htx=List&amp;dbid=6482&amp;offerid=0%3a7858%3a0 This site requires a subscription. Check with your local family history center or public library for free access.

Draft registration records are available for a fee by sending a “World War I Registration Card Request” form to:

National Archives Southeast Region   1557 St. Joseph Avenue    East Point, GA 30344    Telephone: 404-763-7477

The Family History Library has acquired this collection as well.

World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917–1918. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1509. (FHL 4,383 films.) To find specific microfilm numbers, look in the Locality search of the Family History Library Catalog under: UNITED STATES - MILITARY RECORDS - WORLD WAR, 1914–1918 [STATE] - MILITARY RECORDS - WORLD WAR, 1914–1918 - REGISTERS

How to Find a Draft Card
To find an individual’s draft card, you must know his name and residence at the time of registration. The records are arranged by state, county, and surname (alphabetically within each draft board). Most counties had only one board; large cities had more. There was a draft board for every 30,000 people. Finding your ancestor’s street address in a city directory will help you determine the board number if he lived in a large city. To find board numbers for Chicago, New York, and 35 other major cities, see: United States. Selective Service System. United States of America Maps of World War I Draft Registration Boards.'Salt Lake City, Utah: The Genealogical Society of Utah, 1989. (FHL film 1498803.) At the Salt Lake Family History Center see the Register of World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. (973 M2frd 2nd &amp; 3rd Ref. Area)

A typical card has the man’s full name and signature, home address, age, birth date, citizenship status, occupation, employer’s name and address, race, dependents or nearest relative, and physical description. For registrants born between 6 June 1886 and 28 August 1897 (45 percent of the total), the cards also give city or town, state, and nation of birth; previous military service; and marital status.

=== Census Records ===

The 1930 and 1940 federal population censuses identify veterans. Microfilm copies are not available. Authorized representatives or heirs can request a search by using form BC-600, “Application for Search of Census Records.” It is available from:

Bureau of the Census P.O. Box 1545 Jeffersonville, IN 47131 Telephone: 812-285-5314

Allies and Adversaries
The following Internet sites give information about WWI: • Allies lists the allied countries and armed forces with links to brief WWI histories, including the casualty numbers: www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWallied.htm • Brief History gives a chronology by nation of significant events during WWI: www.frontiernet.net/~pendino/WW-One.htm

State Records
The Family History Library has some indexes and records from county courthouses, state archives, and state offices of the adjutant general. For example, the library has the following:

Michigan. State Library. World War I Card Index. (FHL films 1001930–66.) Contains name, address, and county: some have the soldier’s parents’ names and residence if the soldier is deceased. This is a card file at the Michigan State Archives. To find specific microfilm numbers, look in the Locality search of the Family History Library Catalog under:

MICHIGAN - MILITARY RECORDS

Similar collections are described in the military sections of the research outlines for the various states.

Cemetery and Death Records
Sources about soldiers who died in the war include the following:

Haulsee, W.M., et al., comps. Soldiers of the Great War. 3 vols. Washington, D.C.: Soldiers Record Publishing Association, 1920. (FHL book 973 M23s; fiche 6051244.) This is a listing of soldiers who died. It is arranged by state and gives the soldier’s name, residence, rank, and cause of death. It contains many individual photographs and a chronology of the war.

Officers and Enlisted Men of the United States Navy Who Lost Their Lives during the World War, from April 6, 1917 to November 11, 1918. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1920. (FHL book 973 M23u; film 1415261 item 7.) This book lists the sailor’s name, rank, date and place of death, cause of death, and name of next of kin.

Pilgrimage for the Mothers and Widows of Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines of the American Forces Now Interred in the Cemeteries of Europe. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing, 1930. (FHL book 973 M23uw.) This book lists the widow’s or mother’s name, relationship, name of deceased, rank, organization, and cemetery. It is arranged by state and county.

Societies
American War Dead Commission = www.abmc.gov/abmc4.htm Lists those buried overseas in the American military cemeteries and those who died during the Korean War. Also lists the Missing in Action from World War I, World War II, Korean War and Vietnam War.

Uniforms
Navy Uniforms in WWI = http://www.quarterdeck.org/uniforms/uniforms.htm

Sources for Further Reading
Davis, Henry Blaine, Jr. Generals in Khaki. Raleigh, N.C.: Pentland Press, 1998. (FHL book 973 D3dav.) Contains biographical sketches of the generals in the United States army during World War I.

Knapp, Michael G. “World War I Service Records.” Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives 22. (Fall 1990): 300–2. (FHL book 973 B2p.)

Knapp, Michael G., and Constance Potter. “Here Rests in Honored Glory: World War I Graves Registration.” Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives 23. (Summer 1991): 190–4. (FHL book 973 B2p.)

Schaefer, Christina K. The Great War. A Guide to The Service Records of All The World’s Fighting Men and Volunteers. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1998. (FHL 940.41 Sch13g.) The United States is covered on pages 123 to 156. Yockelson, Mitchell. “They Answered the Call: Military Service in the United States Army during World War I, 1917–1919.” Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives and Records Administration 30. (Fall 1998): 228–34. (FHL book 973 B2p.)

Air Force
Internet sites with information about the US Air Force during WWI:


 * WWI Air Force - history and discussion of the air forces of various countries with links for specific US   sections: www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWair.htm

Army

 * US Air Force section of the above site: www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWusaA.htm

Internet sites with information about the US Army during WWI:


 * • US Army - gives a brief history of the US Army during WWI = www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWusa.htm
 * • Encyclopedia of the First World War - gives additional information on the site given above =     www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWW.htm

Navy including Coast Guard and Marines
Internet sites with information about Naval Aviation


 * www.bluejacket.com/usn-usmc_ww1_air_fields.html
 * World War I Era Naval Aviation Stations - lists the stations (mostly US) with a brief history of each:
 * www.bluejacket.com/usn-usmc_ww1_air_fields.html
 * Naval Aviation History - information about US navy aviation during WWI: www.history.navy.mil/branches/ww1av.htm

Websites

 * http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/ This archive is international in focus
 * http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/ww1_res.html Includes documents, links to resources in different countries, medical records, treaties, etc.
 * Chronology of the First World War lists what happened when with links to additional information. www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWchronology.htm
 * BBC-History www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwone/index.shtml
 * World War I
 * www.rockingham.k12.va.us/EMS/WWI/WWI.html
 * Heritage of the Great War [http://www.geocities.com/~worldwar1/default.html www.geocities.com/~worldwar1/default.html]
 * World War I links to many very good maps showing military campaigns, boundaries, etc. www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/great%20war/great%20war%20index.htm