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England Stratford-upon-Avon (city)

Guide to Stratford-upon-Avon history, family history, and genealogy: parish registers, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records.



HISTORY
Stratford has Anglo-Saxon origins, and developed as a market town during the medieval period. The original charters of the town were granted in 1196, making Stratford over 800 years old. The name is a combination of the Old English strǣt, meaning "street", and ford, indicating a site at which a road forded a river.

For most of its history, Stratford lay in the shadow of larger towns and cities in the area. Such places as Warwick, Leamington Spa, and Worcester were of much greater significance.

It was not until 1769 when the actor David Garrick organized a 3 day extravaganza of Shakespeare's works, that the phenomenon of "Bardolatry" was started, and that has continued to this day.

LOCATION
Stratford is located on the broad central alluvial plain of England. To the west, the land drops off slowly toward the River Severn valley. It is at the lowest place on the River Avon that can be forded at most times of the year. The River Avon itself slowly winds down to Tewkesbury where it enters the Severn River. The districts around Stratford have been famous for generations for fruit tree growing and sheep herding.

RELIGION
While Stratford is not known for its religious history, it was always a conservative area, but shifted its image to associate with Oliver Cromwell's faction during the civil war. There are a number of critical churches in the town, such as the following:

Stratford-upon-Avon Holy Trinity Church St Gregory's Catholic Church St Andrew's Church Shottery Stratford-upon-Avon United Reformed Church Stratford-upon-Avon Methodist Church

TOURISM
The regular large influx of tourists is the major source of the town's prosperity. In 2010 the District Council spent £298,000 on tourism promotion.

Stratford's only real claim to fame is that it was the birthplace of its most famous resident, William Shakespeare. While not yet a World heritage Center, it is a British Heritage center.

Shakespeare's family actually originated in Snitterfield, a small village approximately 3.5 miles to the east. However his father moved to Stratford before he was born. The family home was a large, well built, edifice, demonstrating the family was part of the upper class.



Major tourist attractions within the town include five houses relating to Shakespeare's life, which are owned and cared for by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. These include Hall's Croft (the one-time home of Shakespeare's daughter, Susanna, and her husband Dr. John Hall) and Nash's House, which stands alongside the site of another property, New Place, owned by Shakespeare himself, wherein he died. Near to the town are Anne Hathaway's Cottage at Shottery, the home of Shakespeare's wife's family prior to her marriage, and Mary Arden's House (Palmer's Farm), the family home of his mother.

Other tourist attractions include medieval fairs. Each year on 12 October (unless this is a Sunday, in which case 11 October) Stratford hosts one of the largest mop fairs in the country. Then, on the second Saturday following, the smaller Runaway fair is held.

INDUSTRY
Newcastle played a major role during the 19th-century Industrial Revolution, and was a leading center for coal mining and manufacturing. In addition to actual manufacturing sites, Newcastle was the de facto port for the shipment of products from neighboring manufacturing areas, and also for coal from the many collieries in the area.

However heavy industries in Newcastle have declined in the second half of the 20th century. Additionally more than 95% of all British coal mines have been shut since about 1980.

Today Newcastle is more known for service industries such as banking, education, and publishing for the north east.

CIVIL REGISTRATION
Birth, marriages and deaths were kept by the government, from July 1837 to the present day. The civil registration article tells more about these records. There are several Internet sites with name lists or indexes. A popular site is FreeBMD.

PROBATE RECORDS
Records of wills, administrations, inventories, indexes, etc. were filed by the court with jurisdiction over this parish. Go to Northumberland Probate Records to find the name of the court having primary jurisdiction. Scroll down in the article to the section Court Jurisdictions by Parish.

CEMETERIES AND GRAVEYARDS

 * Newcastle cemeteries and graves


 * Findagrave, West Road cemetery


 * Findagrave Heaton cemetery


 * Findagrave All Saints cemetery


 * Findagrave Old Jesmond cemetery

GENEALOGY SOCIETIES

 * Northumberland and Durham Genealogy Society


 * Local Newcastle genealogy records


 * Forebears, Newcastle


 * genuki Northumberland