Step-by-Step Connecticut Research, 1850-1910

Step 1: Find out everything possible from living relatives and their family records.
Every good genealogy project starts with finding all the clues that can be gathered from living relatives — both from their memories and from documents or memorabilia in their homes.

What are the best questions to ask?
In order to extend research, ask for names, dates, and places. Everything about who a relative was and when and where they lived is a clue to a new record search. For ideas, see :
 * 50 Questions to Ask Relatives About Family History at ThoughtCo.com
 * Creating Oral Histories at FamilySearch Wiki

What documents should be collected or copied?
Because these records cover names, dates, places, and relationships, they are a valuable source of clues. Look for them in your home, your parents' home, and ask living grandparents to check for them.

Step 2: Find ancestors in every possible census record, 1850-1950, online.
Example of a census record.
 * A census is a count and description of the population for a given date. A census took a "snapshot" of a family on a certain day.
 * For each person living in a household (depending on the year), their name, age, birthplace, relationship to head of household, place of birth for father and mother, citizenship status, year of immigration, mother of how many children and number of children living, native language, and whether they were a veteran of the military can be listed.
 * Searching for a family in census records every ten years can identify all the children in a family.
 * Searching in earlier census records to find someone as a child can identify parents.



Look for ancestors in as many censuses as possible. Use the clues from each census for hints where to find families in both earlier and later census records.
- For more information, see Connecticut Census and United States Census.

Step 3: Try to find additional details in death certificates, Social Security, obituary and cemetery records online.
When a person dies, several records will be created: death certificates, Social Security records, obituaries, and cemetery records.
 * Death certificates can give birth information for people born before actual birth registration began. Death certificates frequently give the birth date and place, parents' names, and birth places of parents.


 * The Social Security Death Index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits. The index entries give the person's full birth date, last known residence, and residence at the time they first enrolled.


 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index provides information filed in the application or claims process, including valuable details such as birth date, birth place, and parents’ names.


 * Cemetery records can be as simple as the information on the headstone or, in some FindAGrave records, they can report more thorough information about birth, parents, spouses, children, and siblings.

Death Indexes

 * Pre-1870 Connecticut, U.S., Town Death Records, Pre-1870 (Barbour Collection) at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1640-1955 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1650-1934 Connecticut, U.S., Deaths and Burials Index, 1650-1934 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1772-1934 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1790-1833 Connecticut: Marriages and Deaths, 1790-1833 at American Ancestors — index & images ($)
 * 1949-2001 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1949-2010 Connecticut Deaths, 1949-2010 at Findmypast — index ($)
 * Death Records for Connecticut at Ancestors at Rest — index & images

Writing for Full Death Certificates
The full original certificate will contain information not contained in the index. Although it costs money, consider sending for the full original certificates, particularly for direct line ancestors (grandparents, great-grandparents, etc). In the states of New England, records were created and maintained by town clerks. Most are online but can be viewed in person or requested by mail.
 * Where to Write for Connecticut Birth, Marriage, Death and Divorce Records at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC.gov

U.S. Social Security Records

 * The U.S. Social Security program began in 1935 but most deaths recorded in the index happened after 1962.
 * The Social Security Death index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits.
 * You can search these records online at


 * 1935-2014 U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1936-2007 U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 at Ancestry — index ($); Picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off by providing information filed in the application or claims process
 * 1962-2014 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index


 * If you find an ancestor in the SSDI index, you can order a copy of their original Social Security application (SS-5). If you can prove the individual has died (by sending an obituary or copy of their cemetery headstone), the application will also give the deceased's parents' names, if listed.

Obituaries

 * 1930-Current U.S., Obituary Collection, 1930-Current at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1980-2014 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * Connecticut Newspapers and Obituaries at LDS Genealogy — index
 * Find Online Obituaries, Newspapers, Cemetery and Death Records at Archives — index & images ($)
 * Obituaries in Connecticut Newspapers at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Online Connecticut Death Indexes and Records at DeathIndexes.com — index

Cemeteries

 * 1949-1969 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * BillionGraves — index & images
 * at FamilySearch — How to Use This Collection; index; Also at: Findmypast ($)
 * Connecticut Cemetery Records at Interment.net — index
 * Connecticut Cemetery Records at LDS Genealogy — index
 * CTGenWeb Project at USGenWeb Project — index
 * Farber Gravestone Collection at DavidRumsey — index
 * FindaGrave — index & images
 * at FamilySearch — How to Use This Collection; index; Also at: Ancestry ($)

For more information, see Connecticut Obituaries and Connecticut Cemeteries.

Step 4: Search for county birth and marriage records online.
'''Vital records registration of births and marriages at the state level started in 1897. Prior to that the individual towns kept some the records. The starting dates and level of compliance of those records vary from town to town.''' Example of Connecticut birth indexes.

Example of Connecticut marriage indexes.

Online Records
Births (and Deaths)
 * Pre-1870 Connecticut, U.S., Town Birth Records, Pre-1870 (Barbour Collection) at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1620-1635 New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1639-1941 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1649-1906 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images

Marriages
 * 1700-1850 Mansfield and Redding, Connecticut, U.S., Compiled Marriages, 1700s-1850 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1959-2001 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1959-2012 Connecticut, U.S., Marriage Index, 1959-2012 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1966-2002 Connecticut, Marriages, 1966-2002 at MyHeritage — index ($)

Order Certificates from Towns or State
Almost always the full original certificate will contain information not contained in the index. Although it costs money, consider sending for the full original certificates, particularly for direct line ancestors (grandparents, great-grandparents, etc).

The Connecticut Department of Public Health’s State Vital Records Office maintains the statewide registries for births, deaths, marriages and fetal deaths for all vital events occurring in Connecticut from July 1, 1897 to present. Each of Connecticut’s 169 towns operates a vital records office that issues certificates for birth, death, marriage, and fetal death events that occurred in that town. The towns also retain copies of birth, death, marriage, and fetal death certificates for events occurring in Connecticut to persons who were a resident of that town at the time of the event. Vital records prior to July 1, 1897 are maintained only at the vital records office of the town where the vital event took place.
 * Request a Certified Copy of a Birth Certificate at Connecticut State Department of Public Health
 * Marriage and Civil Union Certificates at Connecticut State Department of Public Health
 * Request a Certified Copy of a Death Certificate at Connecticut State Department of Public Health

Addresses:
 * Town Vital Records Offices at Connecticut State Department of Public Health
 * Where to Write for Connecticut Birth, Marriage, Death and Divorce Records at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC.gov

Step 5: Search military records: World War I and II draft cards.
There are many different types of military records: draft records, enlistment records, service records, pension records, etc. Information in military records can vary from a simple lists of name, age, and residence, to more detailed records including name, residence, age, occupation, marital status, birthplace, physical description, number of dependents, pensions received, disabled veterans, needy veterans, widows or orphans of veterans, and other information. - Example of a World War I draft card. - Example of a World War II draft card.



'''Search the World War I and World War II Draft Collections for male relatives.
- For more information and additional collections, see Connecticut Military Records.
 * 1917-1918 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1942 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images

Step 6: Look for church records online.
Church records function as vital records. Church records are particularly helpful prior to the advent of civil registration.
 * An infant christening or baptism record documents a birth.
 * Many, if not most, people are married in a church, and then a record is created by the minister.
 * Likewise, ministers presided over funerals, then creating a burial record, which documents a death.



Search for church records that can provide additional birth, marriage, and death information.

 * Pre-1800 Early Connecticut Marriages as Found on Ancient Church Records Prior to 1800, by Frederic W. Bailey. New Haven, Connecticut: Bureau of American Ancestry, 1896-1906. Online at: ; Also at:
 * 1630-1920 Connecticut, U.S., Church Record Abstracts, 1630-1920 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1630-1997 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1660-1955 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1649-1906 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1772-1934 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * Connecticut Index at DurhamWilcox.net — index

Community of Christ, Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

 * 1842-1905 (*) Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, New York and Connecticut District at FamilySearch Catalog — images
 * 1865-1904 (*) Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Philadelphia District at FamilySearch Catalog — images; Includes records for the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Connecticut and New Jersey
 * 1867-1965 (*) Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, New York-Philadelphia District at FamilySearch Catalog — images; Includes records for the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Connecticut and New Jersey
 * Early Members of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints at Ancestry — index ($)

Lutheran

 * 1781-1969 U.S., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Church Records, 1781-1969 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1800-1947 U.S., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Swedish American Church Records, 1800-1947 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Methodist

 * 1787-1922 New England, Select United Methodist Church Records, 1787-1922 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1809-1845 (*) Methodist Episcopal Church. New London Circuit (Connecticut) at FamilySearch Catalog — images
 * 1903-1939 (*) African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church at Winsted (Winchester, Connecticut) at FamilySearch Catalog — images

Universalist

 * 1832-1941 (*) Connecticut Universalist Convention at FamilySearch Catalog — images
 * 1836-1899 (*) Southern Association of Universalists (Connecticut) at FamilySearch Catalog — images

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 * For help with church records kept in Connecticut, see Connecticut Church Records.
 * To search records by denomination, if you know your ancestors religion, go to Searching for Church Records by Denomination.

Step 7: Search for online wills and probate packets.

 * County probate records include '''probate proceedings, petitions, affidavits, orders for sales, reports of sales, administrators' and executors' bonds, guardianship papers, wills, and letters of administration.
 * In a will book, usually just a transcription of the will is recorded. But all of these other records are kept in a probate packet.
 * Administrations are probate proceedings that handled an estate if no known will existed.



Search these indexes and images for probate records.

 * 1609-1999 Connecticut, U.S., Wills and Probate Records, 1609-1999 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Probate Information in County Wiki Articles
Each Connecticut county Research Wiki page lists additional probate sources, including where to write for records: Connecticut Counties

Step 8: If any ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.
The census records may show that an ancestor was born in another country. It will be necessary to try to find the town or city they were born in to continue research in the country of origin. Searches of immigration records (usually passenger lists) and naturalization (citizenship) records would be the next step.



Connecticut Immigration Records

 * United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records


 * 1804-1959 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1957-1962 Hartford, Connecticut, U.S., Arriving Passenger and Crew Lists, 1957-1962 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Connecticut Naturalization and Citizenship Online Records

 * United States Naturalization and Citizenship Online Genealogy Records


 * 1620-1635 New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1790-1996 Connecticut, U.S., Federal Naturalization Records, 1790-1996 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1795-1925 U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1851-1992 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1852-1928 Connecticut, U.S., Passport and Birth Certificates, 1852-1928 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

For more information, see Connecticut Emigration and Immigration and Connecticut Naturalization and Citizenship.

Step 9: Search for land records online.
These records will give the They can contain clues to
 * names of the buyer (grantee) and seller (grantor),
 * previous or new residence of the parties to the deed
 * the date they obtained the land,
 * the description of exact location of the land, sometimes mentioning neighbors.
 * family members who shared ownership of the land,
 * sold or gave land to a child, or
 * officially witnessed the sale.

Search for any ancestor's land records.

 * See United States Land and Property for more databases and resources.


 * 1788-Current U.S. Land Patent Search at Bureau of Land Management — index
 * 1800-1955 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1861-1932 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1863-1908 U.S., Homestead Records, 1863-1908 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Land Owner Search at Historygeo.com — index ($); index to maps of original land owners
 * Survey Plats and Field Notes at Bureau of Land Management — index
 * U.S. Land Patent Search at Bureau of Land Management — index

For more information, see Connecticut Land and Property and United States Land and Property.

Local Histories

 * Published histories of towns, counties, and states sometimes contain biographies and accounts of early or prominent families.
 * Here are several websites that feature online copies of printed county histories: Connecticut; that will bring up too many hits. Just use the name of the county and "county": for example, "Hyde County"
 * Google Books. Use keywords "Connecticut" and the county name. Hits will list online readable books, lists of libraries that carry the book, and purchasing opportunities.
 * Family History Books
 * County and Town Histories
 * Internet Archive.Use keywords "Connecticut" and the county name.
 * Ancestry.com, ($). In the Card Catalog search box, use Connecticut and the name of the county.

FamilySearch Collected Local Histories

 * Local histories are extensively collected by the FamilySearch Library, public and university libraries, and state and local historical societies.
 * If you have access to the FamilySearch Library or a FamilySearch center, you can find local histories by:
 * Go to the FamilySearch Catalog.
 * In the "Place" field, type the name of your county and click "Search".
 * A list of subheadings for the county will appear. Local histories containing genealogies and biographies will be found under Biography, Genealogy, History, or History - Indexes.

Biography Collections
These collections of biographies can be searched online. Most have a table of contents and an index. Or use the "Find" function on a computer.


 * 1847-2011 The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, 1847-2011 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1861-1894 Representative Men of Connecticut, 1861-1894, Everett, Massachusetts: Massachusetts Publishing Company, 1894. Online at: HathiTrust
 * American Biographical Library at Ancestry — index ($)
 * Connecticut Historical Society Collections, Volumes VIII-IX, XI, XIII, XV-XVII, and XIX at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Connecticut History Makers, Volume III, by Stevenson, E. Robert. Waterbury, Connecticut: American-Republican, Inc., 1938. Online at: HathiTrust
 * Encyclopedia of Connecticut Biography, Genealogical-Memorial; Representative Citizens, by Advisory Committee: Samuel Hart... Boston, New York, Chicago: The American Historical Society Incorporated, 1917. Online at:  HathiTrust
 * Genealogical and Family History of the State of Connecticut : A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Founding of a Nation, by Cutter, William Richard. New York, New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1911. Online at: Vol. 1 - FamilySearch Digital Library; Vol. 2 - FamilySearch Digital Library; Vol. 3 - FamilySearch Digital Library; Vol. 4 - FamilySearch Digital Library; Also at:
 * The History of Ancient Wethersfield, Connecticut : Comprising the Present Towns of Wethersfield, Rocky Hill, and Newington; and of Glastonbury Prior to Its Incorporation in 1693, from Date of Earliest Settlement until the Present Time, by Adams, Sherman W. and Henry R. Stiles. New York, New York: Grafton Press, 1904. Online at: Vol. 1 - FamilySearch Digital Library; Vol. 2 - FamilySearch Digital Library; Also at:
 * Illustrated Popular Biography of Connecticut, by Spalding, J. A. Hartford, Connecticut: J. A. Spalding, 1891. Online at: HathiTrust
 * Men of Mark in Connecticut, Volume II by Osborn, Colonel N. G. Hartford, Connecticut: William R. Goodspeed, 1906. Online at: HathiTrust
 * Men of Progress; Biographical Sketches and Portraits of Leaders in Business and Professional Life in and of the State of Connecticut, by Herndon, Richard and Richard Burton. Boston: New England Magazine, 1898. Online at: HathiTrust
 * The Public Records of the Colony of Connecticut at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Step 11: Contact a local historical or genealogical society.
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 * Historical societies have collections that are frequently little known and often overlooked.
 * Many have a surname file, where they have collected genealogies, newspaper clippings, old photographs, etc.
 * Many have a sort of "pioneer ancestor" program, where people can submit pedigrees to prove they are the descendants of an early resident of the area.
 * Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia.
 * Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia.


 * Find the society on the internet, and they may list their holdings. Or call them on the phone, find out what they have, and find out what arrangements can be made to search their collection. Frequently, one of their members can be hired to search the collection for you.

This online directory by GenealogyInc. lists historical and genealogical societies by county: Click on the map to select a county, then scroll down to the historical or genealogical society listings. Here is an example of an internet website for a local genealogical society.

Historical Images
Records collected and digitized by FamilySearch can all be found through their Historical Images feature.
 * Connecticut, United States Historical Images, New Version
 * Connecticut, United States Historical Images, Old Version

Connecticut Online Genealogy Records
Search any other online records listed in Connecticut Online Genealogy Records. The steps given here are intended to list record sources which can most efficiently identify descendants. Many other online records which might or might not mention descendants are listed in the Connecticut Online Genealogy Records page, including immigration records, land records, military records, newspapers, and probate records, and others. These can be records that cover a smaller group within the population, such as men who served in the military, etc.
 * Connecticut Online Genealogy Records

Step 13: Study the Research Wiki pages for any county in Connecticut.
This article focused more on Connecticut state or state-wide records. There is a separate Wiki article for each county in Connecticut. These articles give information, office addresses, and links to county records.