Union Service Records

''United States   U.S. Military Records    U.S. Civil War   Union Service and Pension Records   Union Service Records

Volunteers
Compiled Service Records

The Compiled Service Records for Union soldiers were made by the United States Record and Pension Division of the War Department, beginning in 1890. The Record and Pension Division made card abstracts from documents in the custody of the War Department and from muster, pay, and other rolls borrowed from the Second Auditor of the Treasury. In addition to the cards, original documents that related only to the individual soldier were included.

Envelopes were made for each of the soldiers and card abstracts pertaining to that individual were placed inside along with original documents that related only to that individual. Service records may provide rank, unit, date of enlistment, length of service, age, place of birth, and date of death. Preceding the jacket-envelopes for the individual soldiers there are some envelopes containing record-of-events cards giving the stations, movements, or activities of the regiment.

The Compiled Service Records ($) (Footnote.com) of volunteer Union soldiers are available online. In the future, these records will be made available at no charge through the National Archives web site. The service records are also available to access at no charge at National Archives research rooms and any library that provides free access to Footnote.com.

If a compiled service record notes a Bookmark File number, this refers to a separate set of records that must be asked for specifically when requesting copies. The records are found in Record Group 94, Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1780s–1917.

Indexes for Compiled Service Records

There are microfilmed name indexes for each state. Consult state archives for records of state or local militias or National Guard units that were not federalized. Individual indexes to state volunteer regiments are available on microfilm for every Northern state and every Southern state except South Carolina.

A transcription of the National Archives indexes to compiled Military Service records of Volunteer Union soldiers is:


 * Hewett, Janet B., editor. The Roster of Union Soldiers, 1861–1865. 33 Volumes. Wilmington, North Carolina: Broadfoot Publishing, 1997–. (FHL book 973 M29h.) This series is currently in publication.

To order compiled military service records from the National Archives see Requesting copies of Civil War service and pension records. To order a service record you must have the soldier's name, rank and unit number.

Medical Records

For medical information about volunteer soldiers who fought in the Civil War, consult the National Archives series, "Carded Medical Records of Volunteer Soldiers in the Mexican and Civil Wars, compiled 1846 - 1865" found in Record Group (RG) 94, Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 17862-1984, entry 534. These cards relate to volunteers admitted to hospitals for treatment and may include information such as name; rank; organization; complaint; date of admission; hospital to which admitted; and date returned to duty, deserted, discharged, sent to general hospital, furloughed, or died. This series is arranged by state, thereunder by the number of the regiment (cavalry, infantry, and artillery are filed together under the common regiment number) and then by initial letter of surname.

Regular Army
Enlisted Men

The War Department did not compile military service records for those who served in the Regular Army during this period.

For a register of enlistments, see the Family History Library Catalog or click on the link: Register of Enlistments in the U.S. Army, 1798–1914. National Archives Microfilm Publication M233. (FHL films 350307-350349; 1319378-1319380; 1465934-1465954). The register usually shows the individual's name, military organization, physical description, age at time of enlistment, place of birth, enlistment information, discharge information, and remarks.

The National Archives also maintains a textual record, entitled "Regular Army Enlistment Papers, 1798–1894" (Record Group 94, entry 91). This series is arranged alphabetically by name of soldier and generally shows the soldier's name, place of enlistment, date, by whom enlisted, age, place of birth, occupation, personal description, regimental assignment, and certifications of the examining surgeon and recruiting officer. Soldiers usually have multiple enlistment papers if they served two or more enlistments.

Officers

When researching Army officers, researchers should first consult Francis B. Heitman's Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, From Its Organization, September 29, 1789, to March 2, 1903, available in two volumes at the Family History Library. Volume one, a register of army officers, provides a brief history of each man's service. Volume two contains a "chronological list of battles, actions, etc., in which troops of the Regular Army have participated and troops engaged."

The War Department did not maintain or compile personnel files for Regular Army officers until 1863.

For service prior to that date, the best place to start is the series of letters received by the adjutant general entitled, "Letters Received by the Office of the Adjutant General (Main Series), 1861–1870," National Archives Microfilm Publication M619.

For an officer's military service after 1863, consult the Commission Branch (CB) and Appointment, Commission and Personal Branch (ACP) records: "Letters Received by the Commission Branch of the Adjutant General's Office, 1863–1870," National Archives Microfilm Publication M1064.

The following books may be of help when researching officers:


 * General Index to Official Army Register of the Volunteer Force of the United States, 1861–65
 * Brevet Brigadier Generals in Blue
 * ''Officers of the Army and Navy (Volunteer) Who Served in the Civil War
 * Officers of the Army and Navy (Regular) Who Served in the Civil War
 * Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders
 * The Records of Living Officers of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps with a History of Naval Operations during the Rebellion of 1861–65, and a List of the Ships and Officers Participating in the Great Battles
 * Official Army Register of the Volunteer Force of the United States Army for the Years 1861, 62, 63, 64, 65

Sailors
For records of sailors who served in the Union Navy, contact the National Archives. The records have not been filmed and are available only at the National Archives in Record Group 24, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel.

The weekly returns of enlistments, 1855 to 1891, are the records of most value for sailors, particularly those who served between 1855 and 1865. Entries list the sailor’s name, enlistment date, birthplace, age, occupation, personal description, date of or return of enlistment, and record of previous naval service. See the following for more information:


 * Baugh, Virgil E., comp. Preliminary Inventory of the Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel. PI 123. Washington, D.C. 1960.

An index to sailors who enlisted between 1861 and 1865 is listed below:


 * Index to Rendezvous Reports, Civil War, 1861–65

State Resources
The Family History Library has copies of most other Civil War records which are microfilmed. The following is a list of service records and indexes which are available on microfilm at the National Archives and the Family History Library. See the Family History Library Catalog for complete bibliographic information. The indexes should include the soldier’s name, rank, and unit. Union units were organized in Southern states. The records below all refer to Union soldiers only, even though they may have been serving from Southern states.


 * Alabama. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M276. (FHL films 1276611–20). Also, IIndex National Archives Microfilm Publication M263 (FHL film 0880848).
 * Arizona. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M532. (FHL film 0881608.)
 * Arkansas. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M399. (FHL films 1380796–855). Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M383. (FHL films 0881488–91.)
 * California. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M533. (FHL films 0881609–15.)
 * Colorado. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M534. (FHL films 0821998–2000.)
 * Connecticut. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M535. (FHL films 0821909–25.)
 * Dakota. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M536. (FHL film 0881616.) Also available at the National Archives, Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the Territory of Dakota: 1st Battalion Cavalry. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1960.
 * Delaware. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M537. (FHL films 0881617–20.)
 * District of Columbia. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M538. (FHL films 0881964–66.)
 * Florida. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M400. (FHL films 1299987‑97.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M264. (FHL film 0821767.)
 * Georgia. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M403. (FHL film 1276608.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M385. (FHL film 0881394.)
 * Illinois. Index National Archives Microfilm Publication M539. (FHL films 0881621–721.)
 * Indiana. Index National Archives Microfilm Publication M540. (FHL films 0881722–807.)
 * Iowa. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M541. (FHL films 0881808–36.)
 * Kansas. Index National Archives Microfilm Publication M542. (FHL films 0881837–46.)
 * Kentucky. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M397. (FHL films 1487066–275; films 1489753–90057.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M386. (FHL films 0881492–521.)
 * Louisiana. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M396. (FHL films 1380930–79.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M387. (FHL films 0821926–29.)
 * Maine. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M543. (FHL films 0881847–69.)
 * Maryland. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M384. (FHL films 1477976–8213.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M388. (FHL films 0881522–34.)
 * Massachusetts. Index National Archives Microfilm Publication M544. (FHL films 0881870–913.)
 * Michigan. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M545. (FHL films 0881914–61.)
 * Minnesota. Index National Archives Microfilm Publication M546. (FHL films 0821930–38 and 0882902.)
 * Mississippi. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M404. (FHL films 1292659–62.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M389. (FHL film 0881535.)
 * Missouri. Compiled Service Records National Archives Microfilm Publication M405. (FHL films 1500223–01075.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M390. (FHL films 0881536–89.)
 * Nebraska. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M547. (FHL films 0821905–06.) Also available at the National Archives, Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the Territory of Nebraska. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1787.
 * Nevada. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M548. (FHL film 0821939.) Also available at the National Archives, Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the Territory and State of Nevada. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1789.
 * New Hampshire. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M549. (FHL films 0882018–30.)
 * New Jersey. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M550. (FHL films 0882031–56.)
 * New Mexico. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M427. (FHL films 0471538–83.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M242. (FHL films 0821883–86.)
 * New York. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M551. (FHL films 0882057–213.)
 * North Carolina. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M401 (FHL films 1473248–72) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M391. (FHL films 0881590–91.)
 * Ohio. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M552. (FHL films 0882214–335.)
 * Oregon. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M553. (FHL film 0821947.) Also available at the National Archives, Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Oregon. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1816.
 * Pennsylvania. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M554. (FHL films 0882336–472.)
 * Rhode Island. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M555. (FHL films 0821940–46.)
 * Tennessee. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M395. (FHL films 1482042–261.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M392. (FHL films 0821889–904.)
 * Texas. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M402. (FHL films 1292646–58.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M393. (FHL films 0881592–93.)
 * Utah. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M692. (FHL film 0821588.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M556. (FHL film 1292645.)
 * Vermont. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M557. (FHL films 0882472–85.)
 * Virginia. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M398. (FHL films 1292638–44.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M394. (FHL film 0881594.)
 * Washington. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M558. (FHL film 0821948.)
 * West Virginia. Compiled Service Records. National Archives Microfilm Publication M508. (FHL films 1478231–475 and 1482026–041.) Also, Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M507. (FHL films 0881595–607.)
 * Wisconsin. Index. National Archives Microfilm Publication M559. (FHL films 0882486–518.)

Additional service indexes for Union soldiers are:


 * Index to Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in the Veteran Reserve Corps. National Archives Microfilm Publication M636. (FHL films 1205358–83.) Indexes the names of soldiers who were no longer able to serve combat duty but who could still perform limited duty, such as being prison guards and hospital stewards.


 * Index to Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served with United States Colored Troops. National Archives Microfilm Publication M589. (FHL films 1266617–43 and 1266546–616.) Covers many former slaves from the South as well as free African‑Americans who served in the Union Army between 1863 and 1865.


 * Index to Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations Not Raised by States and Territories. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1290. (FHL films 1604884–920.) Indexes records of special units not raised by the states, such as the U.S. Sharpshooters, Indian Home Guard, and former Confederates.

The following related records are available on microfilm at the National Archives:


 * Compiled Military Service Records of Volunteer Union Troops Who Served with the United States Colored Troops: 1st United States Colored Infantry, 1st South Carolina Volunteers (Colored) Company A, 1st United States Colored Infantry (1 Year). National Archives Microfilm Publication M1819.
 * Compiled Military Service Records of Volunteers Who Served with the United States Colored Troops: 55th Massachusetts Infantry. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1801.
 * Compiled Military Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served with the United States Colored Troops: 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment (Colored).National Archives Microfilm Publication M1898.
 * Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served with the United States Colored Troops: Artillery Organizations. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1818.

Listed below are the service records of former Confederates or “galvanized Yankees” who enlisted from prison camps:


 * Compiled Service Records of Former Confederate Soldiers Who Served in the First through Sixth U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments, 1864–66. National Archives Microfilm Publication M1017. (FHL films 1315687–751; computer number 122843.)