Zuni Tribe

To get started in Indigenous Peoples of the United States Research



Ancestral Homeland: Northern New Mexico

Population: 1990: 8,000

Tribal Headquarters
Pueblo of Zuni PO Box 339 1203B State HWY. 53 Zuni, NM 87327

Phone: 1-505-782-7000 Fax: 1-505-782-7002


 * Pueblo of Zuni Official Website

History
Zuni pueblos: Nutria, Ojo Caliente,Pescado and Zuni

Extinct Zuni pueblos:Halona, Hampasawan, Hawikuh, Heshokta, Heshota Ayathltona, Heshota Hluptsina, Heshota Imkoskwin, Heshotapathltaie, Heshota Uhla, Kechipauan, Kiakima, Kwakina, Kwakinawan, Matski, Pinawan, Shopakia, Wimian

Additional References to the History of the Tribe
Frederick Webb Hodge, in his Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, gave a more complete history of the Zuni tribe, with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods. Additional details are given in John Swanton's The Indian Tribes of North America.

Gregory C. Crampton. The Zunis of Cibola. University of Utah Press. 1977. FHL book 970.3 Z86c

Frederick Webb Hodge. History of Hawikun, New Mexico. Los Angeles, Southwest Museum 1937. FHL Book 970.3 H662h

Brief Timeline

 * 1540: Francisco Vasquez de Coronado - stays in Hawikah Zuni village
 * 1800's: Smallpox epidemics
 * 1820: Franciscan missionaries
 * 1865: Approximate date of the last Navajo raid on the Zuni.
 * 1872: Zuni began using silver in their jewelry.
 * 1877: A Presbyterian mission and school was opened.
 * 1878 Smallpox epidemic
 * 1898-99: Epidemic kills 250
 * 1897: Christian Reformed Church founded a mission
 * 1905-1907: Black Rock Dam was constructed
 * 1907: The Black Rock Boarding School was opened.
 * 1910-1911: Measles epidemic between 90 and 175 deaths
 * 1920: Franciscans mission reestablished
 * 1950-60: Members of the tribe learned silver jewelry making from Navajo
 * 1978: United States returns ownership of the sacred Zuni "Salt Lake"
 * 1984: United States returns ownership of "Zuni Heaven" - eastern Arizona

Reservations
The main part of the Zuni Reservation is located in New Mexico, but the tribe also has land in Arizona.

Agency
Zuni Agency

Records
The majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:


 * Allotment records
 * Annuity rolls
 * Census records
 * Correspondence
 * Health records
 * Reports
 * School census and records
 * Vital records

School Records
Zuni Indian Boarding School

Important Websites

 * Constitution of the Zuni Tribe
 * Pueblo of Zuni Offical Website
 * Wikipedia article on Zuni Pueblo