D genealogical glossary terms

D

D

Roman numeral for "five-hundred."

d'

French word for "of."

d'età di

Italian word for "of the age of."

d'hier

French word for "yesterday's."

d'une part

French word for "on the one hand."

don, Italian (d.)

Italian word for "respectful man's title."

der, German (d.)

German word for "the, of the."

des, German (d.)

German word for "of the."

die, German (d.)

German word for "the."

das (d.)

German word for "the."

dem, den (d.)

German word for "the."

der, dem, des, die, das (d.)

German word for "the."

defunctus sine prole (d.s.p.)

Spanish word for "died without issue."

délután (d.u.)

Hungarian word for "p.m. (after noon), in the afternoon."

da, Italian

Italian word for "from, of."

da, Portuguese

Portuguese word for "of the (feminine)."

daagliks

Afrikaans word for "daily."

daar

Afrikaans word for "there."

daar(heen)

Dutch word for "there."

Dachdecker

German word for "roofer."

dag

Afrikaans, Danish, Dutch, Norwegian and Swedish word for "day."

dag der begravenis

Dutch word for "burial day."

daganat

Hungarian word for "tumor, swelling."

dagelijks

Dutch word for "daily."

dagen før

Norwegian word for "the previous day."

dagkarl

Swedish word for "day laborer."

daglaunamaður

Icelandic word for "day laborer."

daglejer

Danish word for "day laborer."

dagli

Italian word for "from the (plural)."

dagloner

Afrikaans and Dutch word for "day worker, day laborer."

dagsarbeider

Norwegian word for "day laborer."

dagsetja

Icelandic word for "date."

dagteekening

Dutch word for "document date."

dagur

Icelandic word for "day.

Dakota Territory

 * A territory created in 1861 that included all of present-day North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, and northern Wyoming.

dal

Dutch, Norwegian and Swedish word for "valley."

dal, Italian

Italian word for"from the."

dalla

Italian word for "from the."

dalle

Italian word for "from the (plural)."

dallo

Italian word for "from the."

dalur

Icelandic word for "valley."

dame

French word for "lady."

danaro

Italian word for "money."

Danish-Swedish War (1657-1660)

 * A war in which Sweden won much of Denmark's and Norway's territory.

Danmark

Danish, Norwegian and Swedish word for "Denmark."

dannekvinde

Norwegian word for "gentlewoman."

danneman

Swedish word for "farmer, gentleman."

dannemand

Norwegian word for "gentleman."

dans

French word for "in."

dansk

Danish, Norwegian and Swedish word for "Danish."

daquele (a)

Portuguese word for "of that."

Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR)

An historical organization for women in which membership is based upon having an ancestor who served in the American Revolution, 1775 to 1783.

dar

Czech word for "donation."

Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) Genealogical Collection (DAR collection)

A collection of transcriptions from Bible records, cemetery records, church records, marriages, deaths, obituaries, wills, and so forth. This collection is an ongoing project of the Daughters of the American Revolution.

das (d.)

German word for "the."

daselbst

German word for "residing in this place."

dat, Afrikaans

Afrikaans word for "that (to know)."

dat, Dutch

Dutch word for "that."

data

Italian, Polish, Portuguese and Spanish word for "date."

Database

 * A large collection of information, usually stored in a computer.

Date of immigration

 * The date an immigrant enters a new country.

dateer

Afrikaans word for "to date (document)."

dato, Danish

Danish word for "date."

dato, Norwegian

Norwegian word for "date (noun)."

datter

Danish and Norwegian word for "daughter."

datterdatter

Danish and Norwegian word for "daughter's daughter."

dattersøn

Danish word for "daughter's son."

dattersønn

Norwegian word for "daughter's son."

datum

Afrikaans, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Norwegian and Swedish word for "date."

Datum, German

German word for "date."

datum, Latin

Latin word for "date, given."

Daughters of the American Revolution

 * An historical organization for women in which membership is based upon having an ancestor who served in the American Revolution, 1775 to 1783.

Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) Genealogical Collection

 * A collection of transcriptions from Bible records, cemetery records, church records, marriages, deaths, obituaries, wills, and so forth. This collection is an ongoing project of the Daughters of the American Revolution.

dauði

Icelandic word for "death."

dauður

Icelandic word for "dead, died."

Dawes Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes

 * A commission that the United States federal government organized to exchange the lands of the Five Civilized Tribes for pieces of land allotted to individual members of the tribes. The land was in Indian Territory before it became the state of Oklahoma.

Dawes Rolls

 * Records of land grants given to individual members of the Five Civilized Tribes. The government of the Five Civilized Tribes was dissolved, and the United States government granted parcels of their land to qualified native individuals.

dawniej

Polish word for "formerly."

DC

Roman numeral for "six-hundred."

DCC

Roman numeral for "seven-hundred."

DCCC

Roman numeral for "eight-hundred."

dcera

Czech word for "daughter."

dcery

Czech word for "daughters."

de där

Swedish word for "those."

de här

Swedish word for "these."

de la

French word for "of the, some."

de, Dutch

Dutch word for "the."

de, French

French word for "of, from, out."

de, Hungarian

Hungarian word for "but."

de, Latin

Latin word for "of, from, by, concerning, about."

de, Portuguese

Portuguese word for "from, of, belonging to."

de, Swedish

Swedish word for "they."

Deanery

An ecclesiastical division that is headed by a dean, the official who presides over a cathedral. The term deanery can also refer to the dean's residence.

Death certificate

 * An official government document that records information about a person's death.

Death notice

 * A public notification detailing the deceased individual’s place of birth (or origin), parents’ names, and children’s names. Death notices are a valuable source of information about people from South Africa.

Death record

 * A document containing information about an individual’s death, such as the date, place, cause, and so forth.

Deaths Schedule

The deaths schedule lists the people who died during the twelve months before 2 April of the federal census year of 1871. The records usually give the name, age, sex, province of birth, month and year of death, and cause of death.

The deaths schedule was taken by federal census officials. You will find the records with the microfilms of the 1871 personal census schedules at the National Archives of Canada. The deaths schedule is not at the Family History Library.

debilidad

Spanish word for "weakness, disability."

debilitas

Latin word for "illness, weakness."

debolezza della vecchiaia

Italian word for "weakness of old age."

decanatus

Latin word for "deanery, section of a diocese."

decanus

Latin word for "deacon."

Deceased Members File, Latter-day Saint

 * A file of members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints who died between 1941 and the present.

Deceased membership records

Membership records of deceased members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1941 to the present.

decem

Latin word for "ten."

december

Danish, Swedish and Hungarian word for "December."

December, Dutch (10ber)

Dutch word for "December."

December, Latin (10ber, Xber)

Latin word for "December."

decembris

Latin word for "of December."

decennale

Italian word for "decennial."

decennio

Italian word for "decade."

Décès

 * The French word for deaths.

ecessit

Latin word for "he/she died."

decesso, -a

Italian word for "deceased, late."

decessus

Latin word for "died, death."

decimo, -a

Italian word for "tenth."

decimo, Spanish

Spanish word for "tenth."

decimus

Latin word for "tenth."

declaración

Spanish word for "declaration."

declarado (a)

Portuguese and Spanish word for "declared, stated."

Declaration of Intent (Form 2202)

 * The first legal document an alien files when he or she wishes to become a citizen of the United States. Filing this form signifies that the alien intends to become a citizen and will renounce all allegiance to other governments. The Declaration of Intent is sometimes called a declaration of intention or first papers.

Declaration of intention, USA and Canada

 * The first legal document an alien files when he or she wishes to become a citizen of the United States or Canada. Filing this form signifies that the alien intends to become a citizen and will renounce all allegiance to other governments. In the United States, the declaration of intention is officially called the Declaration of Intent (Form 2202) and sometimes called first papers.

declaração

Portuguese word for "declaration."

decretum

Latin word for "decree."

decubuit

Latin word for "he/she died, lay down."

deden

Dutch word for "done."

dedit

Latin word for "he/she gave."

dedo

Portuguese and Spanish word for "finger."

Deed

 * A legal document that conveys the title to property; also a contract.

deed

Dutch word for "did."

Deed book

 * A compilation (usually handwritten copies) of deeds, patents, and other land records.

Deeds (see also Land), PERiodical Source Index

 * A record type used in the Locality and Research Methodologies sections of the PERiodical Source Index (PERSI) to identify articles that contain information about deeds.

deel

Dutch word for "volume, part of."

deel, deel van

Afrikaans word for "volume, part of."

Deen

Dutch word for "Dane."

Deen(s)

Afrikaans word for "Dane, Danish."

Deens

Dutch word for "Danish."

Defendant

 * An individual or institution being charged with a crime or being sued by another individual or institution.

deflorata

Latin word for "deflowered, no longer a virgin."

defuit

Latin word for "he/she departed, died."

Defunciones

 * A Spanish word for deaths.

defunción

Spanish word for "death."

defunctorum

Latin word for "of the dead (people)."

defunctorum, liber

Latin word for "register of the deceased."

defunctus est

Latin word for "he died."

defunctus sine prole (d.s.p.)

Spanish word for "died without issue."

defungitur

Latin word for "he/she dies, is discharged."

defunto (a)

Portuguese word for "deceased."

defunto, -a

Italian word for "deceased person."

degenen

Dutch word for "those."

degli

Italian word for "of the."

degn

Danish word for "parish clerk, deacon."

degno

Italian word for "worthy."

dehors

French word for "outside."

dei, Italian

Italian word for "of the, from the (plural)."

dei, Latin

Latin word for "of God."

deinde

Latin word for "then, thereafter, next."

deja

Swedish word for "maidservant, milkmaid."

Dekanat

German word for "deanery."

dekanat

Polish word for "deanery, division of a diocese."

del mese di

Italian word for "of the month of."

del, Danish

Danish word for "part."

del, Italian

Italian word for "of the."

Delayed birth certificates

A birth certificate issued some time (usually a year or longer) after a birth occurred. These certificates were frequently given to people who were born before a government began registering births. Also called delayed birth records or delayed registrations of birth.

Delayed birth record

A birth certificate issued some time (usually a year or longer) after a birth occurred. These certificates were frequently given to people who were born before a government began registering births. Also called delayed birth certificates or delayed registrations of birth.

Delayed registration of birth

 * A birth certificate issued some time (usually a year or longer) after a birth occurred. These certificates were frequently given to people who were born before a government began registering births.

dele

Norwegian word for "to divide, to share."

dele (a)

Portuguese word for "his, hers, its."

della

Italian word for "of the."

delle

Italian word for "of the (plural), some."

dello

Italian word for "of the."

deltiseppä

Finnish word for "tinner, tinsmith."

dem, den (d.)

German word for "the."

dem, Danish

Danish word for "them."

dem, Norwegian

Norwegian word for "them, they."

demain

French word for "tomorrow."

demeurant

French word for "living at."

demi

French word for "half."

demi frère

French word for "stepbrother, half brother."

demi soeur

French word for "stepsister, half sister."

demoiselle, French

French word for "Miss (of well-to-do parents, may be a married woman)."

demoiselle, Swedish

Swedish word for "Miss."

den

Danish and Norwegian word for "the, it, that."

den där

Swedish word for "that."

den här

Swedish word for "this."

den, Czech

Czech word for "day."

den, Swedish

Swedish word for "the, it."

denarius

Latin word for "coin, penny, money."

denaro

Italian word for "money."

denatus

Latin word for "deceased, dead."

denatus est

Latin word for "he died, has died."

Denemarken

Dutch word for "Denmark."

Denization

The process of granting full or partial citizenship to an individual not born in that country. For example, in Great Britain a denizen can buy and own land but cannot inherit land or hold public office.

Dénombrements

 * A French word for censuses. The term aveux et dénombrements refers to a specific type of land record used in Québec, Canada.

denne

Danish and Norwegian word for "this.

Denomination

 * A group of people, usually a religious group, who are known by the same name.

dente

Portuguese word for "tooth."

dentición

Spanish word for "teething."

dentizione

Italian word for "teething."

dentição

Portuguese word for "teething."

dentro

Portuguese and Spanish word for "within."

denuncia

Spanish word for "accusation, denunciation."

denunciatio

Latin word for "publication of marriage banns." Factis tribus denunciationibus means "after the publication of three marriage banns (three marriage banns having been published.)."

Denver Superior Court

 * A court in Colorado that has jurisdiction over appeals from the Denver County Court. The superior court shares jurisdiction over minor civil matters with the district courts.

denúncia

Portuguese word for "accusation, complaint."

departamento

Spanish word for "district, department."

Department

 * A division of a government or other large institution.

Departmental archive, France: An archive that collects records for a department of the French government. Departmental archives have collected most French records of genealogical value, including civil registration records, pre-1792 church records, census records, some notarial records, and military conscription records. The French term for these archives is archives départementales.

Departmental archive, France

An archive that collects records for a department of the French government. Departmental archives have collected most French records of genealogical value, including civil registration records, pre-1792 church records, census records, some notarial records, and military conscription records. The French term for these archives is archives départementales.

Departure list

 * A list of the people leaving a port.

Departure record

 * A record created when an individual leaves a country.

Dependent

 * An individual who cannot or will not provide for his or her own support.

depois

Portuguese word for "after."

Deposition

 * The testimony of a witness, given in either oral or written form, that was not given in court but is meant to be used in court.

depuis

French word for "since."

der, dem, des, die, das (d.)

German word for "the."

der, Danish

Danish word for "there, who, which."

der, German (d.)

German word for "the, of the."

der, Norwegian

Norwegian word for "there."

deras

Swedish word for "their."

derde

Afrikaans and Dutch word for "third."

derecho

Spanish word for "law."

deres

Danish and Norwegian word for "their."

derfor

Danish and Norwegian word for "therefore."

Derivative citizenship, USA

United States citizenship granted to individuals based on military service or family relationships.

derniers sacrements

French word for "last rights."

derrame cerebral

Portuguese word for "stroke."

derrame, Portuguese

Portuguese word for "seizure, stroke."

derrame, Spanish

Spanish word for "stroke."

derselbe

German word for "the same."

dertien

Dutch word for "thirteen."

dertien(de)

Afrikaans word for "thirteen(th)."

dertiende

Dutch word for "thirteenth."

dertig

Dutch word for "thirty."

dertig(ste)

Afrikaans word for "thirty (thirtieth)."

dertigste

Dutch word for "thirtieth."

des avonds ('s avonds)

Dutch word for "in the evening."

des middags ('s middags)

Dutch word for "in the afternoon."

des morgens ('s morgens)

Dutch word for "in the morning."

des nachts ('s nachts)

Dutch word for "in the night."

des, Dutch ('s)

Dutch word for "of the."

des, French

French word for "of the, some."

des, German (d.)

German word for "of the."

desacuerdo

Spanish word for "disagreement."

desavenencia

Spanish word for "disagreement.

Descendancy chart

 * A chart that lists an individual’s descendants—children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, and so on.

Descendancy chart, Ancestral File™

 * A computer screen in Ancestral File that shows a person's descendants (children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, etc.).

descendente

Portuguese word for "descendant."

descendiente

Spanish word for "descendant."

desconhecido (a)

Portuguese word for "unknown."

desconocido (a)

Spanish word for "unknown."

descripción

Spanish word for "description."

Descriptive roll

 * A descriptive list of people who have signed up for a branch of the armed services.

Descriptive surname

 * A surname based on a unique attribute of a person.

descrizione

Italian word for "description."

descrição

Portuguese word for "description."

desde

Portuguese and Spanish word for "since."

desdits

French word for "of the said (pl.)."

desember (10ber)

Icelandic word for "December."

Desember, Afrikaans (XII, 10ber, Xber, Xbris)

Afrikaans word for "December."

desember, Norwegian

Norwegian word for "December."

deset

Czech word for "ten."

desobriga

Portuguese word for "exemption from."

desponsationis

Latin word for "engagement."

desponsatus

Latin word for "engaged."

después

Spanish word for "after."

desquitado (a)

Portuguese word for "legally separated."

desquite

Portuguese word for "legal separation."

dess

Swedish word for "his, her, its."

desse (a)

Portuguese word for "of that."

dessous

French word for "lower, below."

dessus

French word for "above."

deste (a)

Portuguese word for "of this."

destra

Italian word for "right (direction)."

desátek

Czech word for "tithing."

desátého

Czech word for "on the tenth."

desátý

Czech word for "tenth."

det

Danish and Norwegian word for "it, that, the."

det där

Swedish word for "that."

det här

Swedish word for "this."

det, Swedish

Swedish word for "the, it."

Detroit District Manifest Records of Aliens Arriving from Foreign Contiguous Territory, Canada

 * A Canadian border crossing list that lists everyone who crossed the Canadian border through Detroit, Michigan, and other Michigan ports from 1906 to 1954.

Detroit Society for Genealogical Research

A genealogical society organized in Detroit, Michigan.

detrás

Spanish word for "after, behind."

detto

Italian word for "said, alias, also know as."

deur

Afrikaans word for "by, through."

deus

Latin word for "God."

deutsch

German word for "German."

Deutsches Geschlechterbuch, Germany

 * A German lineage book, which is a major collection of published genealogies of middle-class German families.

Deutschland

German word for "Germany."

deux

French word for "two."

deuxième

French word for "second."

devadesát

Czech word for "ninety."

devadesátého

Czech word for "on the ninetieth."

devadesátý

Czech word for "ninetieth."

devant

French word for "in front of."

devatenáct

Czech word for "nineteen."

devatenáctého

Czech word for "on the nineteenth."

devatenáctý

Czech word for "nineteenth."

devenir

French word for "to become."

devoir

French word for "should."

devátého

Czech word for "on the ninth."

devátý

Czech word for "ninth."

devítistého

Czech word for "on the nine-hundredth."

devítistý

Czech word for "nine hundredth."

dewelke

Dutch word for "of which, the which."

dexter

Latin word for "right."

deyja

Icelandic word for "die."

dez

Portuguese word for "ten."

deze

Dutch word for "this, these."

Dezember (10ber, 10bris, Xber, Xbris)

German word for "December."

dezembro

Portuguese word for "December."

dezenove

Portuguese word for "nineteen."

dezesseis

Portuguese word for "sixteen."

dezessete

Portuguese word for "seventeen."

dezoito

Portuguese word for "eighteen."

di

Italian word for "of, about, concerning."

di anni

Italian word for "age."

di buon'ora

italian word for "early (a.m.)."

di ieri

Italian word for "yesterday's."

di mattina

Italian word for "in the morning."

di pomeriggio

Italian word for "in the afternoon."

di sera

Italian word for "in the evening."

di sotto

Italian word for "below.

Diacritic

 * A mark over a letter that changes the sound and sometimes the alphabetical order of a word.

diario

Spanish word for "daily."

diarre

Swedish word for "diarrhea."

diarrea

Italian and Spanish word for "diarrhea."

diarree

Afrikaans and Dutch word for "diarrhea."

diarrhe

Icelandic word for "diarrhea."

diarréia

Portuguese word for "diarrhea.

Diary

 * An individual’s daily or frequent account of his or her life. Also called a journal.

diccionario

Spanish word for "dictionary."

dice

Spanish word for "December."

diciembre (dice, 10bre)

Spanish word for "December."

dicembre

Italian word for "December."

dichiarante

Italian word for "informant."

dichiarare

Italian word for "to declare."

dichiarato che

Italian word for "declared that."

dichiarazione

Italian word for "declaration."

dicho (a)

Spanish word for "stated, said, mentioned."

diciannove

Italian word for "nineteen."

diciannovesimo, -a

Italian word for "nineteenth."

diciassette

Italian word for "seventeen."

diciassettesimo, -a

Italian word for "seventeenth."

diciembre (dice, 10bre)

Spanish word for "December."

dicionário

Portuguese word for "dictionary."

diciottesimo, -a

Italian word for "eighteenth."

diciotto

Italian word for "eighteen."

Dictionary

 * A reference tool that lists words and their meanings and often other information about them such as pronunciation and etymology. Some dictionaries cover one language, providing a definition for each word. Other dictionaries cover two languages, providing translations of words between the two languages.

Dictionnaire généalogique des familles canadiennes, Canada

 * A seven-volume genealogical dictionary by Cyprien Tanguay that gives information about a large number of French-Canadian families in the Province of Québec. It contains marriage, christening, and burial information from the late 1500s to about 1800. The text is in French.

dictionnaire

French word for "dictionary."

dictionnaire des communes

French word for "gazetteer."

Dictionnaire généalogique des familles du Québec, Canada

 * A genealogical dictionary by René Jetté that attempts to list the entire population of Québec before 1730. The text is in French.

dictus

Latin word for "said, stated, known as."

didymus

Latin word for "twin."

die sequenti

Latin word for "on the following day."

die vero

Latin word for "this very day."

die, Afrikaans

Afrikaans word for "the."

die, Dutch

Dutch word for "those, that."

die, German (d.)

German word for "the."

die, Latin

Latin word for "on the day."

diecezja

Polish word for "diocese."

dieci

Italian word for "ten."

diecinueve

Spanish word for "nineteen."

dieciocho

Spanish word for "eighteen."

dieciseis

Spanish word for "sixteen."

diecisiete

Spanish word for "seventeen."

diecéze

Czech word for "diocese."

Dielman-Hayward File, Maryland

 * A collection of 250,000 obituary and marriage notices and other biographical items printed in Maryland newspapers from the late 1700s to the present. This collection is at the Maryland Historical Society in Baltimore, Maryland.

Diener

German word for "servant."

diens

Afrikaans word for "duty, in service of."

diensbode (archaic)

Afrikaans word for "courier, domestic servant."

dienskneg

Afrikaans word for "domestic servant."

diensmeisie

Afrikaans word for "maid."

dienst

Dutch word for "service, employment."

Dienst

German word for "service, employment."

Dienstag

German word for "Tuesday."

dienstbode

Dutch word for "servant."

Dienstmagd

German word for "servant girl."

dienstmeisje

Dutch word for "servant girl."

dienstsmeid

Dutch word for "maid."

diente

Spanish word for "tooth."

dies (diei)

Latin word for "day."

dies dominuca

Latin word for "Sunday."

dies Jovis

Latin word for "Thursday."

dies Lunae

Latin word for "Monday."

dies Martis

Latin word for "Tuesday."

dies Mercurii

Latin word for "Wednesday."

dies sabbatinus

Latin word for "Saturday."

dies Saturni

Latin word for "Saturday."

dies Solis

Latin word for "Sunday."

dies Veneris

Latin word for "Friday."

dieser

German word for "this, these."

dietro

Italian word for "behind."

dietro scritto

Italian word for "after signed."

diez

Spanish word for "ten."

diez y nueve

Spanish word for "nineteen."

diez y ocho

Spanish word for "eighteen."

diez y seis

Spanish word for "sixteen."

diez y siete

Spanish word for "seventeen."

diezmo

Spanish word for "tithing."

difunto (difo.)

Spanish word for "deceased."

difteri

Norwegian and Swedish word for "diphtheria."

difteria

Polish word for "diphtheria."

difterite

Italian word for "diphtheria."

difteritis

Danish word for "diphtheria."

difunto (difo.)

Spanish word for "deceased."

difunto (a)

Spanish word for "deceased."

Digest

 * A compilation or collection containing the most pertinent information from several records or other sources.

digno (a)

Portuguese and Spanish word for "worthy."

dignus

Latin word for "worthy."

digo

Portuguese word for "that is, I mean to say."

dij

Hungarian word for "fee."

dikwels

Afrikaans word for "frequently, often."

dimanche

French word for "Sunday."

dimidium

Latin word for "half."

din

Norwegian word for "your."

din, dit

Danish word for "your, yours."

dinsdag

Dutch word for "Tuesday."

Dinsdag

Afrikaans word for "Tuesday."

diocees

Dutch word for "diocese."

Diocesan court, Church of England

The highest court in a diocese of the Church of England. These courts also had superior jurisdiction over lesser courts in probate matters. Diocesan courts are also called episcopal, commissary, bishop's, exchequer, and consistory courts.

diocese

Portuguese word for "diocese."

Diocese, England

An ecclesiastical division that often consisted of one or more counties in England plus the many parishes within its jurisdiction.

diocesi

Italian word for "diocese."

diocesis

Latin word for "diocese."

diocèse

French word for "diocese."

dipense

French word for "exemption, dispensation."

Dirección General de Administración Civil, Philippines

 * A government office in the Philippines that maintained vital records. The English translation of the term is Bureau of Civil Administration.

Direct emigration

 * A type of emigration that occurs when a person leaves his or her country and travels directly to the destination country.

Direct index

 * An index to land records that is organized by the name of the individual selling land.

Direct line

 * A person's direct ancestors (parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, and so forth) and descendants (children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, etc.) Any siblings, aunts, uncles, cousins, and so forth are not part of the direct line. Also called a pedigree line.

Director General and Council of New Netherland

 * The highest court and governing body in New Netherland, which later became the state of New York. This court operated from 1638 to 1664.

Directories, Family History Library Catalog™

 * A subject heading used in the Family History Library Catalog to categorize directories (alphabetical lists of individuals).

Directories, PERiodical Source Index

 * A record type used in the Locality and Research Methodologies sections of the PERiodical Source Index (PERSI) to identify articles that contain information about directories.

Directory, general

 * A list of individuals and information about them, such as name, address, and telephone number. Directories usually focus on a specific group of people, such as all people living in a city or all members of an organization.

direito

Portuguese word for "law, right, privilege."

discendente

Italian word for "descendant."

discessit

Latin word for "he/she died."

Disciples of Christ

 * A Protestant religion formed in Kentucky in 1809 by Thomas Campbell, Alexander Campbell, and Barton W. Stone. Its full name is the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). The church practices baptism by immersion, but most congregations will accept people as members if they were baptized into another church.

disenteri

Afrikaans word for "dysentery."

disenteria

Portuguese and Spanish word for "dysentery."

Disk

 * A storage device used for computer information. The term disk generally refers to a floppy disk, but it can refer to a hard disk or compact disc.

Diskette

 * A removable storage device used for computer information. Also called a floppy disk or disk.

disopra

Italian word for "above."

dispensa

Portuguese and Spanish word for "exemption, permission."

dispensa di matrimonio

Italian word for "marriage license."

Dispersed

Scattered; spread over a wide area.

disponsationis

Latin word for "permission."

disposto

Italian word for "disposed."

disputa

Portuguese word for "disagreement."

disse

Danish and Norwegian word for "these."

dissenteria

Italian word for "dysentery."

Dissenters (religion)

People who belong to a religious movement outside of the church or churches which a government has established or approved. Sometimes known as separatists.

disso

Portuguese word for "of this."

disteso

Italian word for "extended."

distretto di

Italian word for "district of."

Distribution

 * The process of dispensing property during probate.

Distribution and settlement

 * A probate record that lists the beneficiaries of an estate and the property each receives.

District archive, Scotland

 * An archive that collects records from a district in Scotland.

District census, District of Columbia

 * A census taken of the District of Columbia during various years, beginning in 1803.

District county court, South Dakota

 * A court in South Dakota with countywide jurisdiction over minor civil, criminal, and probate cases.

District court of Oklahoma

 * A court in Oklahoma with jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases, including probates. Each court used to serve one or more counties, but they now serve only one county. Also called county courts.

District court, Canada

 * A court established in Ontario, Canada, in 1794 to handle civil cases that did not involve the titles to land. In 1850 the name of these courts changed to county courts, and they gained additional responsibilities. They continue to operate today.

District court, Maine

 * A court in Maine with districtwide jurisdiction over minor civil and criminal cases. District courts existed from 1839 to 1852, when they were replaced by the supreme judicial court.

District court, Massachusetts

 * A court in Massachusetts with districtwide jurisdiction. These courts began in 1822.

District court, New Jersey

 * A court in New Jersey with citywide jurisdiction over minor criminal and civil cases. They were replaced by the superior courts in 1983.

District court, Ohio

 * A court in Ohio with countywide jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases, including chancery cases and divorce.

District court, Pennsylvania

 * A court in Pennsylvania with districtwide jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases. District courts existed from 1811 to 1873.

District court, USA

 * A type of federal court in the United States that has the authority to try cases at a district level. A district may cover an entire state or parts of a state. Until 1866 district courts had jurisdiction over federal civil and equity cases. After 1866 they also had limited criminal jurisdiction.

District court, Virginia

 * A court in Virginia with districtwide jurisdiction over noncapital criminal cases, major civil cases, and equity cases from 1788 to 1808, when they were replaced by the superior courts of law. Virginia used district courts again from 1854 to 1870, when the state transferred the authority to the circuit courts.

District of Louisiana

 * A division of Louisiana created when the United States divided the Louisiana Purchase along the 33rd parallel. The District of Louisiana was the land to the north, and the Territory of Orleans included the area to the south.

District of West Augusta, Virginia

 * An area created by Virginia that included parts of southwestern Pennsylvania and some land that would become part of West Virginia. In 1776 Virginia divided this land into three counties: Ohio, Monongalia, and Yohogania. Pennsylvania disputed Virginia's claim to this land. In 1780 the boundary dispute between Pennsylvania and Virginia was settled, and Pennsylvania gained the disputed land.

District, Canada

 * A division of a Canadian province. In early Ontario the governments of districts—not counties—kept records. Northern Ontario is still divided into districts.

District, general

 * A region within a country that is used for voting, record-keeping, and other purposes.

distrito

Portuguese word for "district."

distrito de paz

Portuguese word for "peace district."

dit

Dutch word for "this."

dit(e) (ditte)

French word for "said, also known as, aforementioned."

dito (a)

Portuguese word for "stated, said, mentioned."

diventare

Italian word for "become."

divers(e)

French word for "various."

diverse

Norwegian word for "various."

diversi

Italian word for "miscellaneous."

Divorce

 * A legal end to a marriage.

Divorce proceedings

 * The legal processes required to obtain a divorce.

Divorce record

 * Record documenting a legal end to a marriage.

Divorces

 * The French word for divorces.

divorciado (a)

Portuguese and Spanish word for "divorced."

divorcé(e)

French word for "divorced."

divortium

Latin word for "divorce."

divorziare

Italian word for "divorce (verb)."

divorzio

Italian wordf or "divorce (noun)."

dix

French word for "ten."

dix-huit

French word for "eighteen."

dix-huitième

French word for "eighteenth."

dix-neuf

French word for "nineteen."

dix-neuvième

French word for "nineteenth."

dix-sept

French word for "seventeen."

dix-septième

French word for "seventeenth."

dixième

French word for "tenth."

dizionari geografici

Italian word for "gazetteers."

dizionario

Italian word for "dictionary."

diák

Hungarian word for "schoolboy."

diário

Portuguese word for "daily, diary."

diócesis

Spanish word for "diocese."

dla, Polish

Polish word for "for."

dle

Czech word for "according to."

dlouhý

Czech word for "long."

dlugi

Polish word for "long."

dne

Czech word for "on the day."

dnes

Czech word for "today."

dnia

Polish word for "on the day."

do, Czech

Czech word for "to, into."

do, Portuguese

Portuguese word for "of the (masculine)."

doageria

Latin word for "dowager."

doação

Portuguese word for "donation."

doba, Czech

Czech word for "time, period."

doba, Polish

Polish word for "time period of 24 hours."

dobra

Polish word for "estate."

dobry

Polish word for "good."

dobrý

Czech word for "good."

doce

Spanish word for "twelve."

dochter(tje)

Dutch word for "(little) daughter."

Docket

 * A list of cases heard by a court. Dockets may list the names of the plaintiff and defendant, the date the case was heard, the case file number, and all documents related to the case. Also called court calendars.

Document (noun)

 * A printed record that contains information about an individual or topic.

Document (verb): To keep track of sources used in research.

Döda

The Swedish word for deaths.

documenti

Italian word for "records."

documenti d'emigrazione

Italian word for "emigration records."

documento

Portuguese and Spanish word for "document."

documento, Italian

Italian word for "record."

dodatek

Polish and Czech word for "supplement, addition."

dodicesimo, -a

Italian word for "twelfth."

dodici

Italian word for "twelve."

dodum

Latin word for "formerly, recently."

doen

Dutch word for "to do."

doença

Portuguese word for "disease."

doganiere, doganieri

Italian word for "customs officer(s)."

dogter(tjie)

Afrikaans word for "daughter, girl (little daughter or girl."

dois

Portuguese word for "two."

doklad

Czech word for "document."

dokument

Norwegian word for "document."

dolgozó

Hungarian word for "worker."

dolina

Polish word for "valley."

dolní

Czech word for "lower."

dom, Polish

Polish word for "house." Z domu means "maiden name, from the house of."

dom, Swedish

Swedish word for "sentence, judgment."

doma

Czech word for "at home."

domaine

French word for "estate."

domani

Italian word for "tomorrow."

domare

Swedish word for "judge."

domb,

Hungarian word for "hill."

dombok

Swedish word for "court record."

domenica

Italian word for "Sunday."

Domestic court

 * A court with jurisdiction over an individual's place of residence.

domestica

Italian word for "housekeeper."

domestique

French word for "servant girl, maid."

domi

Latin word for "at home."

domicella

Latin word for "young lady, servant, nun."

domicellus

Latin word for "young nobleman, junker, servant, servant in a monestery."

domicile

French word for "home, residence, domicile."

domiciliato

Italian word for "residing."

domicilio

Spanish word for "dwelling."

domicílio

Portuguese word for "dwelling."

domina

Latin word for "lady."

dominee

Afrikaans and Dutch word for "minister."

domingo

Portuguese word for "Sunday."

dominica, dies dominuca, dominicus, dies Solis, feria prima

Latin word for "Sunday."

dominicus

Latin word for "Sunday."

Dominion Lands Act, Canada

 * A law passed by the Canadian parliament in 1872 to promote settlement and the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railroad through the Canadian West. Under this act a homesteader paid ten dollars for 160 acres of land. To own the land, homesteaders had three years to build a home and cultivate a certain number of acres on the land.

Dominion of Canada

 * A confederation created when the British Parliament passed the British North America Act in 1867. The act united Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Québec, and Ontario under a national government that was modeled after the British government. This government handled everything except foreign affairs, which Great Britain still controlled. British Columbia joined the Dominion in 1871, and Prince Edward Island joined in 1873.

dominus

Latin word for "lord, rule, the Lord (Jesus Christ)."

domkirke

Danish and Norwegian word for "cathedral."

dommer

Danish word for "a judge."

dommer

Norwegian word for "judge."

domovský list

Czech word for "residency certificate."

domsaga

Swedish word for "judicial district."

domus

Latin word for "home, house, family."

Domäne

German word for "domain."

doméstica

Portuguese word for "domestic, maid."

don, Italian (d.)

Italian word for "respectful man's title."

don, Spanish

Spanish word for "Mr."

donación

Spanish word for "donation."

Donald Lines Jacobus' Index to Genealogical Periodicals

 * A subject index to many major genealogical periodicals published from 1870 to 1952.

Donation Act of 1854

 * A law passed by the United States Congress that granted free land to settlers. Persons claiming Spanish or Mexican land grants were not eligible.

Donation lands

 * Land donated by the General Land Office to encourage settlement in Florida, New Mexico, Oregon, and Washington.

Donation Tract, Ohio

 * Land in southeast Ohio that Congress gave to the Ohio Company. The Ohio Company offered 100-acre parcels to legal-age men with rifles who could occupy the land immediately. The purpose of this arrangement was to create a buffer between the Native Americans and people settling on land acquired by the Ohio Company.

Donations entre vifs, Canada

 * A French term referring to a practice in Québec whereby elderly parents would distribute their property to their children or unrelated persons before they died. These documents also list the conditions to be fulfilled by those receiving property.

donazione

Italian word for "donation."

donde

Spanish word for "where."

donderdag

Dutch word for "Thursday."

Donderdag

Afrikaans word for "Thursday."

donna

Italian word for "respectful woman's title."

donna di casa

Italian word for "housewife."

donner

French word for "to give."

Donnerstag

German word for "Thursday."

donné

French word for "given."

dono

Italian word for "donation, gift."

dono (a)

Portuguese word for "owner, master."

dons

French word for "donations."

Döpta

 * The Swedish word for baptisms.

Dorfsippenbuch, Germany

 * The German word for community lineage book. These books contain the ancestry of each family in a parish. These books were compiled by German pastors or genealogists. Also called Ortssippenbuch, or village lineage book.

Double dating

 * A system of writing dates that shows the year for both the Julian calendar and the Gregorian calendar. In the Julian calendar, the first day of the year was Lady's Day (25 March). In the Gregorian calendar, the first day of the year is 1 January. Countries switched to the Gregorian calendar at various times. For example, the Protestant German states switched in 1699, and England switched in 1752. Double dating developed as a way to show the overlapping dates between 1 January and 24 March. In the date 16 February 1752/53, for example, 1752 is the year under the Julian calendar, and 1753 is the year under the Gregorian calendar.

Double surname, France

 * A surname that consists of two separate last names. In some areas of France, particularly in the mountainous regions of the Alps and the Pyrénées, individuals may have taken a second (double) surname. The first part of the surname is usually the family surname. The second surname may be a place, house name, or nickname. The second name is referred to as a "dit" because the word dit comes between the two parts of the surname, such as "Cantignon dit Bordedux." Cantignon is the family name. Bordedux is the second surname.

Doukhobors

 * A religious group founded in the mid-1700s by Russian peasants. Doukhobors is a Russian word for spirit wrestlers. In 1886 the group adopted the name Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood. In 1939 they changed their name again to the Union of Spiritual Communities of Christ. Doukhobors are pacifists who reject external authority, including the Bible and governments, and choose instead to follow direct, individual revelation. During the late 1800s the group adopted many of the moral and spiritual reform ideas expressed in Leo Tolstoy's novels. In 1899 Tolstoy persuaded the Russian government to allow the Doukhobors to emigrate. A group of American Quakers helped pay for the passage of about 7,500 Doukhobors to western Canada, where they established communal farms. They have occasionally clashed with the Canadian government by refusing to obey land, tax, and education laws. Groups of Doukhobors still exist, but their communal lifestyle has mostly died out.

Dove

 * One of the two ships that brought Catholic and Protestant English settlers to the western shore of Chesapeake Bay in 1634. The other ship was named the Ark. The settlers founded St. Mary's City. King Charles I had originally granted the Maryland region to George Calvert, who died before the king could sign the charter. The king therefore granted the charter to Calvert's son Cecelius. Cecelius, himself a Roman Catholic, believed in religious freedom and saw to it that law and policies were established to guarantee that right in Maryland.

Dower

 * A portion of or interest in a deceased husband’s lands or tenements that is given to his widow to support her and her children.

Dowry

 * The money, property, or goods that a woman brings to a marriage. In some cultures the woman controls the dowry. In others, the dowry becomes the husband's property.

Dr. W. G. Reive Collection, Canada

 * A collection of cemetery transcripts for Ontario, Canada.

Draft board, USA

 * A governmental board that identifies and selects men for compulsory military service.

Draft registration card

 * A form filled out by a man who was required to register for a draft.

Duc

 * The highest ranking title in the French peerage. A duc is equivalent to the British duke.

Duke

 * The highest title of British and French (duc) peerage, ranking immediately below a prince. In Britain most dukes are in the royal family. The duke's wife is a duchess, his oldest son is a marquess, and his younger children are lords and ladies. In continental Europe, the duke was the sovereign male ruler of a duchy. In Spain, Portugal, and Latin America, a duque (duke) was also the highest of the titled nobility. In Germany, a duke (herzog) was also the highest rank of nobility.

Dunkards

 * A name referring to members of the Church of the Brethren. They are also called Dunkers.

Dunkers

 * A name referring to members of the Church of the Brethren. They are also called Dunkards.

Duplicate church records, Germany

 * A transcript or copy of a church register. Church authorities required local priests to make these copies out of concern that the records might be destroyed in wars or fires. The German word for these copies is Kirchenbuchduplikate.

Duplicate nam

 * A name of an individual submitted for temple work for whom the temple work has already been finished.

Duque

 * The Spanish and Portuguese term for duke, the highest ranking title in Spanish and Portuguese nobility.

Dutch

 * Something or someone from the Netherlands; also the language of the Dutch people. Many Dutch people emigrated to New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.

Dutch Reformed Church, Netherland

 * The dominant Protestant religion in the Netherlands, called Hervormde kerk in Dutch. Though it is not a state church, the Dutch royalty have traditionally been members.

Dutch Reformed Church, South Africa

 * The major religion of Afrikaans-speaking whites in South Africa that traces its roots back to Dutch settlers who came to South Africa in the 1600s. The church's history is closely associated with the history of the nation. Though not the national church, many political leaders have been members. For a time, the church tried to find a theological basis for the government's policy of apartheid. In 1982 the World Alliance of Reformed Churches declared apartheid to be heretical and suspended the denominations that supported it. By 1989 these suspended denominations also condemned it as a sin. The term Dutch Reformed Church can also refer to other reformed churches in South Africa that accept blacks and people of mixed parentage.

Dutch Reformed Church, United State

 * A reformed church that was organized in 1628 in Dutch settlements in New Netherland, which is now New York. Doctrines were based on the teachings of John Calvin and the doctrines and practices of the Dutch Reformed Church in the Netherlands. In the United States, the Dutch Reformed Church is now part of the Reformed Church in America.

Dutch West India Company

 * A merchant company founded by merchants in 1621 and chartered by the Dutch government. The government gave the company the rights to all trade in the Americas and West Africa for the next 24 years. This charter was renewed in 1642 for another 25 years. The company set up the patroonship system in 1629 to speed up settlement and began offering free land to settlers who could pay for their own trip to America. It later began paying the settlers' passages. In 1625 the company helped the colonists build a fort and lay out a town on Manhattan Island, which Peter Minuit bought from the Native Americans. This settlement was called New Amsterdam.

Dwellings, Family History Library Catalog™

 * A subject heading used in the Family History Library Catalog to categorize records about the places where people live.

Døpte

 * A Norwegian and Danish word for baptisms.