Clay County, South Dakota Genealogy

Guide to Clay County, South Dakota ancestry, genealogy and family history, birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, family history, and military records.

Description
The county is named in honor of Henry Clay, American statesman, member of the United States Senate from Kentucky and United States Secretary of State in the 19th century. It's county seat is Vermillion. It was organized 1862. It is located in the southeastern area of the state.

County Courthouse
Clay County Courthouse 211 W Main Street PO Box 403 Vermillion, SD 57069 Phone: 605.677.2871 Register of Deeds has birth and death records from 1905, marriage records from 1880, land records from 1863 and burial records from 1962; Clerk Court has probate records from 1875, court records from 1866 and divorce records from 1889

Record Loss
There is no known history of courthouse disasters in this county.

Populated Places
The following are locations in the county

Territory and State Census Records

 * 1836 - 1836 Wisconsin Territory Census – index only; South Dakota was included in the 1836 Wisconsin Territory Census
 * 1840 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images; South Dakota was included in the 1840 Iowa Territory Census
 * 1850 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images; South Dakota was included in the 1850 Minnesota Territory Census
 * 1860 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images; South Dakota was included in the 1860 Dakota Territory Census
 * 1870 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images; South Dakota was included in the 1870 Dakota Territory Census
 * 1880 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images; South Dakota was included in the 1880 Dakota Territory Census
 * 1885 - South Dakota, Territorial Census, 1885 at Ancestry — ($); index and images
 * 1895 - South Dakota, State Census, 1895 at Ancestry — ($); index and images
 * 1905 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images
 * 1915 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images
 * 1925 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images
 * 1935 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images
 * 1945 - at FamilySearch Historical Records — index and images

Federal Census Records
Federal Censuses were taken for the state of South Dakota starting in 1890, although only one page survived. The 1900 Census is the next Federal Census available. For links to Federal census indexes, see South Dakota Census.

Church Records
Lutheran


 * Records of Trinity Lutheran Church, Vermillion, in Evangelical Lutheran Church in America database at Archives.com ($).

Land and Property Records
Online Land Records


 * Land Patent Search - index to federal patents and homesteads on the Bureau of Land Management website, some images available
 * 1796 - 1907 - U.S. General Land Office Records, 1796-1907 at Ancestry - index, info taken from Bureau of Land Management website
 * 1861 - 1936 - U.S. Homestead Records 1861-1936 at Ancestry.com - ($), index and images

Local Histories

 * History of Clay County, South Dakota. 1976. By Herbert S. Schell. Vermillion, South Dakota : Clay County Historical Society. Online at:;.
 * Wakonda, S.D. centennial, 1885-1985. 1985. By Warren G Kuhler. Wakonda, South Dakota : Wakonda History Committee. Online at:;.

Maps and Gazetteers

 * Interactive Formation Boundary Map of South Dakota - shows boundary changes for South Dakota Counties
 * Historical Maps and Atlases of South Dakota - maps and atlases of South Dakota

Online Collections
These collections are unique to South Dakota. You will find nationwide databases for military records on U.S. Military Online Genealogy Records and South Dakota Military Records. Civil War World War I World War II For further information see South Dakota Military Records.
 * 1861 - 1941 South Dakota, Grand Army of the Republic Membership Records, 1861-1941 at FamilySearch
 * 1861 -1865 at FamilySearch.
 * 1885 Civil War Veteran's 1885 Census in South Dakota - Index only, Union and Confederate included
 * 1890 at FamilySearch.
 * South Dakota WWI Honor Roll by SDGenWeb - Alphabetical index; List by County
 * WWII Army and Army Air Force Casualties for South Dakota - Index only

Naturalization and Citizenship

 * 1904 - 1928 South Dakota, Federal Naturalization Records, 1904-1928 at Ancestry — index and images ($)
 * 1865 - 1972 at FamilySearch — images
 * South Dakota Naturalization Records Index:First Papers — index
 * South Dakota Naturalization Records Index:Second Papers — index
 * Name Index to Naturalization Records from Dakota Territory and South Dakota at National Archives, Kansas City — index

Newspapers
 South Dakota Newspapers Online South Dakota Newspaper Catalogs
 * GenealogyBank - ($), contains images of South Dakota newspapers
 * Newspaper Archive - ($), contains images of South Dakota newspapers
 * Chronicling America - contains images of some South Dakota newspapers; searching tips
 * Elephind - Free; search engine that retrieves newspaper images from other free newspaper websites
 * U.S. Newspaper Directory, 1690-Present on Chronicling America - contains a list of all known newspapers and the dates they cover; once you locate a newspaper name, contact the local library to see if they have copies of the newspaper.

Probate Records
Online Records
 * 1800 – 1985 North Dakota and South Dakota Wills and Probate Records 1800-1985 at Ancestry.com — index and images $

School Records

 * 1879 - 1970 at FamilySearch — index and images
 * 1879 - 1970 South Dakota, School Records,1879-1970 at Ancestry — images

Birth

 * 1843 - 1914 at FamilySearch  — index
 * 1856 - 1950 South Dakota, Birth Index, 1856-1915 at Ancestry  — index ($)
 * Birth Record Search Site For South Dakota Birth Records With Birth Dates Over 100 Years — index

Marriage

 * 1950 - 2014  — index
 * 1905 - 2013 South Dakota, Marriages, 1905-2013 at Ancestry — index and images ($)

Death

 * 1879 - 1955 South Dakota, Death Index, 1879-1955 at Ancestry — index($)

Family History Centers

 * Vermillion South Dakota Family History Center

Societies
Clay County Historical Society Inc. 15 Austin St. Vermillion, SD 57069 E-mail: [mailto:claycohistory@yahoo.com claycohistory@yahoo.com] Website

Czech Heritage Preservation Society, Inc. Board of Directors and Officers Box 87 Tabor, SD 57063 Telephone: 605-589-3494 Website We have various old books, including a translation of a history book from the Czech language to English by our society. We have the first local newspaper on microfilm from the time it was started in 1905 until 1950. We also maintain several old log buildings in a park.

Tea Area Historical Society 27371-467th Ave. Lennox, SD 57039 Telephone :605-368-2455 Website Hours: By appointment Finding Aids:Card catalog, typewritten registers/inventories

Timber Lake and Area Historical Society  Timber Lake and Area Museum PO Box 181 Timber Lake, SD 57656 Telephone: 605-865-3553 Fax:605-865-3787 E-mail: [mailto:tlmuseum@sd.value.net tlmuseum@sd.value.net] Website Holdings:Agriculture, genealogy, local history, Native Americans, religion

Websites

 * USGenWeb project. May have maps, name indexes, history or other information for this county. Select the state, then the county.