Step-by-Step Maryland Research, 1850-1910

Maine Step-by-Step Research, 1850--1910 Step-by-Step Research, 1880-present Step-by-Step Research, 1850--1910

Step 1: Find out everything possible from living relatives and their family records.
Every good genealogy project starts with finding all the clues that can be gathered from living relatives — both from their memories and from documents or memorabilia in their homes.

What are the best questions to ask?
In order to extend research, ask for names, dates, and places. Everything about who a relative was and when and where they lived is a clue to a new record search. For ideas, see :
 * 50 Questions to Ask Relatives About Family History


 * Creating Oral Histories

What documents should be collected or copied?
Because these records cover names, dates, places, and relationships, they are a valuable source of clues. Look for them in your home, your parents' home, and ask living grandparents to check for them.

Step 2: Find ancestors in every possible census record, 1850-1950, online.
Example of a census record.
 * A census is a count and description of the population for a given date. A census took a "snapshot" of a family on a certain day.
 * For each person living in a household (depending on the year), their name, age, birthplace, relationship to head of household, place of birth for father and mother, citizenship status, year of immigration, mother of how many children and number of children living, native language, and whether they were a veteran of the military can be listed.
 * Searching for a family in census records every ten years can identify all the children in a family.
 * Searching in earlier census records to find someone as a child can identify parents.



Look for ancestors in as many censuses as possible. Use the clues from each census for hints where to find families in both earlier and later census records.
- For more information, see Maryland Census and United States Census.

Step 3: Try to find additional details in death certificates, Social Security, obituary and cemetery records online.
When a person dies, several records will be created: death certificates, Social Security records, obituaries, and cemetery records.
 * Death certificates can give birth information for people born before actual birth registration began. Death certificates frequently give the birth date and place, parents' names, and birth places of parents.


 * The Social Security Death Index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits. The index entries give the person's full birth date, last known residence, and residence at the time they first enrolled.


 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index provides information filed in the application or claims process, including valuable details such as birth date, birth place, and parents’ names.


 * Cemetery records can be as simple as the information on the headstone or, in some FindAGrave records, they can report more thorough information about birth, parents, spouses, children, and siblings.

'''Example of a death certificate. Although this is a 1950 record, it gives 1888 birth information.'''



Death Indexes

 * Maryland death records as taken from Maryland account book no. 15: dated 1736 to 1737 ($)
 * Maryland State Archives Baltimore City Death Index 1875-1880, 1943-1949.
 * Maryland State Archives Baltimore City Death Index, 1875-1972.
 * Index.
 * Baltimore, Maryland, Deaths and Burials Index, 1877-1992, ($), index
 * Maryland Archives Death Index 1898-1910
 * Maryland Archives Death Index 1910-1951
 * Index.
 * U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014 ($)
 * U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007, Incomplete, ($).
 * Online Maryland Death Indexes, Obituaries and Cemeteries

Writing for Full Death Certificates
The full original certificate will contain information not contained in the index. Although it costs money, consider sending for the full original certificates, particularly for direct line ancestors (grandparents, great-grandparents, etc).
 * Where to Write for Maine Birth, Marriage, Death and Divorce Records

U.S. Social Security Records

 * The U.S. Social Security program began in 1935 but most deaths recorded in the index happened after 1962.
 * The Social Security Death index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits.
 * You can search these records online at
 * Also at Ancestry.com, ($), index.
 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off, by providing information filed in the application or claims process.
 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off, by providing information filed in the application or claims process.


 * If you find an ancestor in the SSDI index, you can order a copy of their original Social Security application (SS-5). If you can prove the individual has died (by sending an obituary or copy of their cemetery headstone), the application will also give the deceased's parents' names, if listed.

Obituaries

 * Online Maryland Death Indexes, Obituaries and Cemeteries
 * Archives.com Obituaries ($)
 * Ancestry.com United States Obituary Collection for Maryland ($)
 * Polish Death Notice Index Search, 1926-1946, index.
 * GenealogyBuff.com - Maryland Obituary Collection
 * ObitsArchive.com - Maryland
 * Maryland Obituaries
 * — index and images
 * Search for obituaries in ProQuest Newspapers.com Library ($)

Cemeteries

 * Find-A-Grave
 * at FamilySearch - How to Use This Collection
 * U.S., Find A Grave Index, 1600s-Current at Ancestry
 * Billion Graves
 * at FamilySearch - How to Use This Collection
 * BillionGraves Index at Findmypast ($)
 * at FamilySearch – How to Use This Collection
 * Maryland Cemeteries at The Cemetery Site
 * Maryland Cemetery Records at AccessGenealogy
 * Maryland Cemetery Records at Interment
 * Maryland Gravestone Photo Project at Maryland Gravestones
 * Maryland Tombstone Transcription Project at USGenWeb Transcription Project
 * Names in Stone Vol. 1 at Ancestry ($)
 * Names in Stone, Maryland, Vol. 2 at Ancestry ($)
 * Online Maryland Obituary and Cemetery Indexes at DeathIndexes

U.S. Social Security Death Index and Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007

 * The U.S. Social Security program began in 1935 but most deaths recorded in the index happened after 1962.
 * The Social Security Death index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits.
 * You can search these records online at
 * Also at Ancestry.com, ($), index.
 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off, by providing information filed in the application or claims process.
 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off, by providing information filed in the application or claims process.


 * If you find an ancestor in the SSDI index, you can order a copy of their original Social Security application (SS-5). If you can prove the individual has died (by sending an obituary or copy of their cemetery headstone), the application will also give the deceased's parents' names, if listed.

For more information, see Maryland Obituaries and Maryland Cemeteries.

Step 4: Search for county birth and marriage records online.
'''Vital records registration of births and marriages at the state level started in 1905. Prior to that the individual counties kept some records. The starting dates of those records vary from county to county, depending on when the county was formed.''' Example of county birth indexes. Example of an indexed county marriage entry.

Online Records
Births Marriages
 * Index.
 * Maryland, Births and Christenings Index, 1662-1911, ($), index
 * Maryland Marriages, 1634-1777 ($)
 * Maryland Marriages, 1655-1850 ($)
 * — index
 * Index.
 * Maryland Marriages, 1667-1899 ($)
 * American Marriages Before 1699 ($)
 * Maryland Revolutionary records : pension claims and bounty land applications, but also includes 1,000 marriages ($)
 * Maryland Marriages, 1778-1800 ($)
 * Maryland Marriages, 1801-1820 ($)
 * U.S., Hochheimer Marriage Records for Maryland, 1850-1900 (Jewish)($)
 * Maryland Indexes Maryland Marriage References, clues found in land, court, and probate records

Step 5: Search military records: World War I and World War II draft cards.
There are many different types of military records: draft records, enlistment records, service records, pension records, etc. Information in military records can vary from a simple lists of name, age, and residence, to more detailed records including name, residence, age, occupation, marital status, birthplace, physical description, number of dependents, pensions received, disabled veterans, needy veterans, widows or orphans of veterans, and other information. - Example of a World War I draft card. - Example of a World War II draft card.



'''Search the World War I and World War II Draft Collections for male relatives.
- For more information and additional collections, see Maryland Military Records.
 * , index and images.
 * , index and images.

Step 6: Look for church records online.
Church records function as vital records. Church records are particularly helpful prior to the advent of civil registration.
 * An infant christening or baptism record documents a birth.
 * Many, if not most, people are married in a church, and then a record is created by the minister.
 * Likewise, ministers presided over funerals, then creating a burial record, which documents a death.



FamilySearch Historical Records Indexes

 * 1668-1995 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & Incomplete
 * 1650-1995 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & incomplete
 * 1877-1992 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & incomplete
 * 1666-1970 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1665-1995 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images

Ancestry.com Indexes

 * Maryland Records Colonial, Revolutionary, County, and Church from Original Sources Vol. I($), index. Vol. II($), index, incomplete.
 * 1662-1911 Maryland, Births and Christenings Index, 1662-1911($), index, incomplete.
 * 1634-1777 Maryland Marriages, 1634-1777 ($)
 * 1655-1850 Maryland Marriages, 1655-1850 ($)
 * 1667-1899 Maryland Marriages, 1667-1899 ($)
 * 1778-1800 Maryland Marriages, 1778-1800 ($)
 * 1801-1820 Maryland Marriages, 1801-1820 ($)

Catholic

 * Catholic Families of Southern Maryland($), index/images
 * 1753-1851 Maryland, Catholic Families, 1753-1851 ($) index and images
 * 1819-1851 Western Maryland Catholics, 1819-1851($), index/images

Findmypast
Catholic Heritage Archive

Dutch Reformed

 * 1639-1989 U.S., Dutch Reformed Church Records in Selected States, 1639-1989, index and images, incomplete.($)
 * 1701-1995 U.S., Selected States Dutch Reformed Church Membership Records, 1701-1995, index and images, incomplete.($)

Episcopal

 * 1771-1848 Church records, 1771-1848. Episcopal Church. Diocese of Maryland, images

Lutheran

 * Maryland and South Carolina Lutheran Newspapers, Marriages and Deaths($), index/images

Presbyterian

 * 1701-1970 U.S., Presbyterian Church Records, 1701-1970, index and images, incomplete.($)
 * Eighty years : embracing a history of Presbyterianism in Baltimore, with an appendix($), index/images

Quaker (Society of Friends)

 * 1655-1693 Early Maryland Quaker records : 1655-1693
 * 1681-1935 U.S., Quaker Meeting Records, 1681-1935

-
 * For help with church records kept in Maryland, see Maryland Church Records.
 * To search records by denomination, if you know your ancestors religion, go to Searching for Church Records by Denomination.

Step 7: Search for online wills and probate packets.

 * County probate records include '''probate proceedings, petitions, affidavits, orders for sales, reports of sales, administrators' and executors' bonds, guardianship papers, wills, and letters of administration.
 * In a will book, usually just a transcription of the will is recorded. But all of these other records are kept in a probate packet.
 * Administrations are probate proceedings that handled an estate if no known will existed.



Search these indexes and images for probate records.

 * United States Wills and Deeds Experimental Search: Maryland
 * Maryland, Wills and Probate Records, 1604-1878, ($), index and images, incomplete.
 * images.
 * index and images.
 * The Maryland Calendar of Wills, 1635-1743, 8 volumes at FamilySearch; images. Also at Ancestry ($); index and images.

Probate Information in County Wiki Articles
Each Maryland county Research Wiki page lists additional probate sources, including where to write for records: Maryland Counties

For more information, see Maryland Probate Records and United States Probate Records.

Step 8: If any ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.
The census records may show that an ancestor was born in another country. It will be necessary to try to find the town or city they were born in to continue research in the country of origin. Searches of immigration records (usually passenger lists) and naturalization (citizenship) records would be the next step.



Maryland Immigration Records

 * United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records
 * One Step Webpages by Stephen Morse Links to free and $ online passenger lists
 * To Maryland from Overseas ($)
 * Scots On the Chesapeake, 1607-1830 ($)
 * , index/images
 * , index/images
 * Index and Images.
 * — index and images

Maryland Naturalization and Citizenship Online Records

 * United States Naturalization and Citizenship Online Genealogy Records
 * Indexes to Naturalization Petitions to the U.S. Circuit and District Courts for Maryland, 1797-1951 ($)
 * Naturalization Petitions of the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland, 1906-1930 ($)
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for Maryland, 1797-1951 - U.S. District and Circuit Courts ($)
 * U.S., Naturalization Records - Original Documents, (World Archives Project) for Maryland, 1906-1930 - U.S. District Court ($)
 * Selected U.S. Naturalization Records - U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland, 1906-1930 ($)
 * Maryland, Federal Naturalization Records, 1795-1931, index & images ($).
 * Selected U.S. Naturalization Records - U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland, 1906-1930 ($)
 * Maryland, Federal Naturalization Records, 1795-1931, index & images ($).

For more information, see Maryland Emigration and Immigration and Maryland Naturalization and Citizenship.

Step 9: Search land records online.
These records will give the They can contain clues to
 * names of the buyer (grantee) and seller (grantor),
 * previous or new residence of the parties to the deed
 * the date they obtained the land,
 * the description of exact location of the land, sometimes mentioning neighbors.
 * family members who shared ownership of the land,
 * sold or gave land to a child, or
 * officially witnessed the sale.

Search for any ancestor's land records .

 * United States Wills and Deeds Experimental Search: Maine
 * Land Records at Maryland State Archives

For more information, see Maine Land and Property and United States Land and Property.

Local Histories

 * Published histories of towns, counties, and states sometimes contain biographies and accounts of early or prominent families.
 * Here are several websites that feature online copies of printed county histories: Maryland; that will bring up too many hits. Just use the name of the county and "county": for example, "Hyde County"
 * Google Books. Use keywords "Maryland" and the county name. Hits will list online readable books, lists of libraries that carry the book, and purchasing opportunities.
 * Family History Books
 * County and Town Histories:*Internet Archive.Use keywords "Maryland" and the county name.
 * Ancestry.com, ($). In the Card Catalog search box, use Maryland and the name of the county.

FamilySearch Collected Local Histories

 * Local histories are extensively collected by the FamilySearch Library, public and university libraries, and state and local historical societies.
 * If you have access to the FamilySearch Library or a FamilySearch center, you can find local histories by:
 * Go to the FamilySearch Catalog.
 * In the "Place" field, type the name of your county and click "Search".
 * A list of subheadings for the county will appear. Local histories containing genealogies and biographies will be found under Biography, Genealogy, History, or History - Indexes.

Biography Collections
These collections of biographies can be searched online. Most have a table of contents and an index. Or use the "Find" function on a computer.
 * County and Town Histories, with biographies
 * American Biographical Library for Maryland ($)
 * Biographical sketches of distinguished Marylanders, ($), index/images
 * Enoch Pratt Free Library African American Biographical Database
 * Maryland State Archives, Biographical files available from SPECIAL COLLECTIONS, index only but gives birth/death date
 * Men of Maryland, Vol. 1, e-book, Vol. 3, Vol. 4
 * Genealogical and memorial encyclopedia of the state of Maryland Vol. 1, e-book, Vol. 2
 * The founders of Maryland as portrayed in manuscripts, provincial records and early documents, e-book
 * Biographical sketches of distinguished Marylanders, e-books
 * Men of mark in Maryland ... biographies of leading men of the state ... Illustrated with many full page engravings. v.1, e-book, Vol. 2, Vol. 3, Vol. 4

Step 11: Contact a local historical or genealogical society.
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 * Historical societies have collections that are frequently little known and often overlooked.
 * Many have a surname file, where they have collected genealogies, newspaper clippings, old photographs, etc.
 * Many have a sort of "pioneer ancestor" program, where people can submit pedigrees to prove they are the descendants of an early resident of the area.
 * Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia.
 * Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia.


 * Find the society on the internet, and they may list their holdings. Or call them on the phone, find out what they have, and find out what arrangements can be made to search their collection. Frequently, one of their members can be hired to search the collection for you.

This online directory by GenealogyInc. lists historical and genealogical societies by county: Click on the map to select a county, then scroll down to the historical or genealogical society listings. Here is an example of an internet website for a local genealogical society.

Historical Images
Records collected and digitized by FamilySearch can all be found through their Historical Images feature.
 * Maryland, United States Historical Images, New Version
 * Maryland, United States Historical Images, Old Version

Maryland Online Genealogy Records
Search any other online records listed in Maryland Online Genealogy Records. The steps given here are intended to list record sources which can most efficiently identify descendants. Many other online records which might or might not mention descendants are listed in the Maryland Online Genealogy Records page, including immigration records, land records, military records, newspapers, and probate records, and others. These can be records that cover a smaller group within the population, such as men who served in the military, etc.
 * Maryland Online Genealogy Records

Step 13: Study the Research Wiki pages for any county in Maryland.
This article focused more on Maryland state or state-wide records. There is a separate Wiki article for each county in Maryland. These articles give information, office addresses, and links to county records.