Rosebud Indian Agency (South Dakota)

History
The Rosebud Agency is the successor to the Spotted Tail Agency and is the agency responsible for the Rosebud Indian Reservation in southern South Dakota. It was named the Rosebud Agency in 1878 when it was located on Rosebud Creek near its junction with the South Fork of the White River. The primary tribe which this agency serves is the band of Brulé Sioux which had been led by Spotted Tail. From 1933 to 1967, the Rosebud Agency was also responsible for te Yankton Sioux.

Records
Some of the records of the Rosebud Agency have been transferred to the Central Plains Regional Archives of NARA in Kansas City. They include:


 * Census rolls, 1877-1942
 * Miscellaneous land records, 1878-1960
 * Vital statistics, 1900-1946
 * Heirship records, 1914-1920
 * Tribal court records, 1937-1940
 * Other police and law enforcement records

Reports of Inspection of the Field Jurisdictions of the Office of Indian Affairs, 1873-1900 have been microfilmed by the National Archives as part of Microcopy Number M1070. The reports for Rosebud Agency, 1880-1900, are on roll 43 of that Microcopy set. Copies are available at the National Archives, their Regional Archives, and at the Family History Library and its family history centers (their microfilm roll number 1617716). Earlier reports for this agency are filed under the Spotted Tail Agency.

Annual Indian Census Rolls were taken at this agency for 1887, 1891-1892, 1895-1907, 1909-1912, 1915-1939, and 1942 thru 1943. These rolls have been microfilmed by the National Archives as part of their Microcopy Number M595, rolls 427 thru 445. Copies of these records are also available at the National Archives, their Regional Archives, and at the Family History Library and its family history centers (their microfilm roll numbers 581421-581439). These census rolls are also available online at Ancestry.com's subscription web site.

The 1900 federal census included population schedules for the Rosebud Indian Reservation. The census includes the non-Indian employees of the Rosebud Agency, as well as many pages of Indian Population Schedules for the native population of the Reservation. They are recorded as District 45, Rosebud Agency], in Meyer County, South Dakota.

Microfilm copies of ...Narrative and Statistical Reports... for the Rosebud Agency, 1907-1938, are included in National Archives Microcopy M1011, rolls 118-119, available in the National Archives system and in the collections of the Family History Library in Salt Lake City (their microfilm numbers 1724336-1724337).