United States Registers of Enlistment in the U.S. Army - FamilySearch Historical Records

United States

What is in the Collection?
The collection consists of registers and index of men that enlisted in the United States Army between 1798 and 1914. The Regular Army is comprised of career soldiers and is maintained through peacetime. The registers are from the Adjutant General’s Office, Washington, DC NARA M233 part of Record Group 94 Records of the Adjutant General's.The records are arranged chronologically, then by the first letter of the surname. The registers will not usually include individuals who enlisted as part of a militia or reserve unit or in a volunteer military unit raised by a state. Data in these registers was compiled from a variety of other military records, including enlistment papers, muster rolls, and unit records.

Key to Abbreviations (See Remarks Column)
 * D.R. Descriptive Rolls
 * Hospl. Ret. Hospital Return
 * I.R. Inspection Return
 * M.R. Muster Roll
 * Mo. Ret. Monthly Return
 * O.B. Order Book
 * Ord. Order
 * Pri. or Pvt. Private
 * Rect. or Rct. Recruit
 * Regtl. Regimental
 * R.R. Recruiting Return
 * S.A. I.R. Semi-annual Inspection Return
 * S.A.M.R. Semi-annual Muster Roll
 * “See Pension Case” is added to records, part or whole of which, were copied at the Pension Office.
 * Additional abbreviations will be found if Gardner’s Dictionary of the United States Army. See related digital books in this article.

These records were created as a permanent record of those individuals who enlisted in the Army.

The records are generally reliable although some ages may have been falsified. Physical descriptions will generally vary in height and hair color over time due to the observation (not direct measurement) of the officer recording the enlistment.

What Can this Collection Tell Me?
The following information is generally found in these records:


 * Name of enlistee
 * Age at time of enlistment
 * Physical description (color of eyes, hair, complexion and height)
 * Birthplace
 * Occupation
 * Date and place of enlistment and by whom
 * Rank, company, and regiment
 * Date and cause of discharge
 * Notes on death, desertion, apprehension, physical description, etc.

How Do I Search the Collection?
To begin your search you will need to know:
 * The name of the soldier
 * The birth dates and place of the soldier
 * The county and state where your soldier lived at the time of enlistment

Search by Name by visiting the Collection Page: Fill in your ancestor’s name in the initial search page. This search will return a list of possible matches. Compare the information about those in the list to what you already know about your own ancestors to determine if this is the correct family or person.

View images in this collection by visiting the Browse Page: To search the collection you will need to follow this series of links: ⇒ Select the "Browse" link in the initial search page ⇒ Select the "Volume Number, Years, Letter of Surname Range" which takes you to the images

Look at each image comparing the information with what you already know about your ancestors to determine if the image relates to them. You may need to look at several images and compare the information about the individuals listed in those images to your ancestors to make this determination.

With either search keep in mind:


 * There may be more than one person in the records with the same name.
 * You may not be sure of your own ancestor’s name.
 * Your ancestor may have used different names or variations of their name throughout their life.

For tips about searching on-line collections see the on-line article FamilySearch Search Tips and Tricks.

What Do I Do Next?
When you have located your ancestor’s record, carefully evaluate each piece of information given. These pieces of information may give you new biographical details that can lead you to other records about your ancestors. Add this new information to your records of each family. This information will often lead you to other records.

I Found Who I was Looking for, What Now?

 * Birth places can tell you former residences and can help to establish a migration pattern for the family.
 * Use the age to calculate an approximate birth date.
 * Use the birth date or age along with the residence or place of birth of the deceased to locate census, church, and land records.
 * Compile the entries for every person who has the same surname as the deceased; this is especially helpful in rural areas or if the surname is unusual.
 * When looking for a person who had a common name, look at all the entries for the name before deciding which is correct.
 * Allow for variations of physical descriptions since officers enlisting soldiers did not use measuring devices and standard lighting was not used. General trends will show through multiples enlistments.

I Can't Find Who I'm Looking for, What Now?

 * Look for variant spellings of the names. You should also look for alias names, nicknames and abbreviated names.
 * Try alternative search methods such as only filling in the surname search box (or the given name search box) on the landing page leaving the other box empty and then click on search. This should return a list of everyone with that particular name. You could then browse the list for individuals that may be your ancestor.

Known Issues with This Collection
For a full list of all known issues associated with this collection see the attached Wiki article. If you encounter additional problems, please email them to [mailto:support@familysearch.org support@familysearch.org]. Please include the full path to the link and a description of the problem in your e-mail. Your assistance will help ensure that future reworks will be considered.

Related Digital Books

 * Francis Heitman Historical Register and Dictionary of thee United States Army Volume 1
 * Francis Heitman Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army volume 2
 * Charles K. Gardner. History Dictionary of the United States Army

Citing this Collection
Citing your sources makes it easy for others to find and evaluate the records you used. When you copy information from a record, list where you found that information. Here you can find citations already created for the entire collection and for each individual record or image.

Collection Citation:

Record Citation (or citation for the index entry):

Image Citation: