Quick Research Links - England



England Jurisdictions 1851

FreeBMD – civil registration

England - Wales Free BMD Marriage Index: 1837-1915

FreeCen – UK Census Online

Free REG – Free parish registers

Online Parish Clerks

GENUKI - genuki

Poor Law Unions – To understand the site better, read the - introductory paragraph (gateway to all workhouses and Poor Law Unions).

Vision of Britain – historical statistics, maps writings and more

Gazetteer of British institutions

English GenWeb Project – to help researchers find local resources and reference information

UK Census Online

Pallot’s Baptism Index for England: 1780-1837 - Baptism Indexenglandsidebar Here

Pallot’s Marriage Index for England 1780-1837 - Pallots Marriage Index/englandsidebar Here Cyndi’s List

“The Army Children Archive (TACA)” - Here

England:Shovellers  The above link is a list of Wesleyan Methodist chapels and circuits in England and Wales comes from the source "List of chapels included in Wesleyan circuits: and shewing the name of the chapel in whose register entries of baptisms, performed in smaller places of worship, may be found," by John Shoveller. (FHL book 942 K24wc; film 990377 Item 4.)

United Kingdom FamilySearch Historical Records:

British Isles, Merchant Marines, Register of Seamen Series I to III and Seaman Tickets (FamilySearch Historical Records).

Great Britain
Film numbers


 * 1419469 -72 (Births, Marriages and Deaths as Sea)
 * 1483314-20 (Deaths at Sea, Merchant Marine Registers)
 * 1484034, 1818454, 1818455 – Marriages in foreign countries.

i.e. (Consulate (Chefoo, China); British Embassy in Paris, France;

Florence, Italy.

"Lex, loci" marriages are those administered under the country's marriage laws.

GENUKI - genuki

Bedfordshire
Wiki - Bedfordshire

Parishes- Parishes In Bedfordshire

Poor Law Unions - Bedfordshire Poor Law Unions

Websites:

GENUKI - genuki

Surnames - bfhs

Guide to County collections: bedfordshire FHL Favorites - fhlfavorites/bedfordshire

Berkshire
Wiki: Berkshire

Parishes: Berkshire Parishes

List of alternative names for ancient parishes

Poor Law Unions: Berkshire Poor Law Unions

Archives and Libraries: Berkshire Record Offices and Archives

Websites: GENUKI: berksfhs

UK Genealogy: ukgenealogy

FHL Favorites - fhlfavorites

Bristol, Somerset
Collection: England, Bristol Parish Registers, 1538-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1718965 Parish Registers

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England_Bristol_Church_of_England_Parish_Registers_and_Bishops’_Transcripts_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)

Forest of Dean in Gloucestershire

Buckinghamshire
Wiki: familysearch

Parishes: Buckinghamshire Parishes

Poor Law Unions: Buckinghamshire Poor Law Unions

Workhouses and Poor Law Unions in England

Websites: Center for Buckinghamshire Studies - buckscc

Buckinghamshire Record Society – bucksinfo

Victorian Prisoners – Aylesbury – buckscc

FHL Favorites: Here

Cambridgeshire
Wiki: Cambridgeshire

Parishes: Cambridgeshire Parishes

Poor Law Unions: Cambridgeshire Poor Law Unions

Workhouses and Poor Law Unions in England: authored by Peter Higginbotham:

GENUKI – Here

FHL Favorites - Link

Websites:Cambridgeshire, England, Baptism Index 1801-1837 (free!!)

Another Baptism site (same Index) – cfhs.

Archives - calm.cambridgeshire

GENUKI – Here

FHL Favorites - Here

Cheshire
Collections:

England, Cheshire Bishop's Transcripts, 1598-1900 - Transcripts

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Church of England Parish Registers and Bishops’ Transcripts (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Land Tax Assessments, 1778-1832 - Tax Assessments

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Land Tax Assessments (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Non-conformist Records, 1671-1900 - Non-conformist Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki

England Cheshire Non-Conformist Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Parish Registers, 1538-2000 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1614792 Parish Registers

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Church of England Parish Registers and Bishops’ Transcripts (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Probate Records, 1492-1940 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1589492 Probate Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Probate Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire School Records, 1796-1950 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1583609 School Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki - England Cheshire School Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Workhouse Records, 1848-1967 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1646487 Workhouse Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki - England Cheshire Workhouse Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire, Marriage Bonds and Allegations, 1606-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1410775 Marriage Bonds

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Marriage Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire, Register of Electors, 1842-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1415240 Register

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki - England Cheshire Register of Electors (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Bishop's Transcripts, 1598-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1469935 Transcripts

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki - England Cheshire Church of England Parish Registers and Bishops’ Transcripts (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Land Tax Assessments, 1778-1832 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1595000 Tax Assessments

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Land Tax Assessments (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Non-conformist Records, 1671-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1610550 Non-conformist Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki

[England Cheshire Non-Conformist Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Parish Registers, 1538-2000 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1614792 Parish Registers

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Church of England Parish Registers and Bishops’ Transcripts (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Probate Records, 1492-1940 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1589492 Probate Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Probate Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire School Records, 1796-1950 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1583609 School Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire School Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire Workhouse Records, 1848-1967 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1646487 Workhouse Records

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Workhouse Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire, Marriage Bonds and Allegations, 1606-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1410775 Marriage Bonds

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Marriage Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Cheshire, Register of Electors, 1842-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1415240 Register

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England Cheshire Register of Electors (FamilySearch Historical Records)

Wiki: Cheshire

Parishes: Cheshire Parishes

Online Parish Clerk (Project): http://genealogy.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&amp;zTi=1&amp;sdn=genealogy&amp;cdn=parenting&amp;tm=47&amp;gps=194_283_918_520&amp;f=00&amp;tt=14&amp;bt=1&amp;bts=0&amp;zu=http%3A//www.csc.liv.ac.uk/%7Ecprdb/ Parish Clerk

Poor Law Unions: Cheshire Poor Law Unions

Workhouses and Poor Law Unions in England: authored by Peter Higginbotham: http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?England/UnionsEngland.shtml Poor Law Unions

FHL Favorites - Here

Websites:

cheshirebmd

ukbmd

genealogylinks

http://www.csc.liv.ac.uk/~cprdb/

Cleveland
Cleveland is in North East England. At one time there was a local authority administrative area known as 'County Cleveland'; this arose as a renaming of the previous area known as Teesside. The name 'Cleveland' is derived from 'Cleveland Hills' - an area of outstanding natural beauty. wikipedia

Towns – Billingham, Hartlepool, Middlesbrough, Redcar, Stockton-on-Tees, Yarm.

Note: The county was abolished in 1996 with its boroughs becoming unitaryauthorities and the Tees re-established as the border between North Yorkshire and County Durham for ceremonial purposes only. wikitravel

Note: it does not appear as a county in Wiki…yet.

Cornwall
Wiki: Cornwall

Note: look at the Research Toolswebsites and links such as:

Online Parish Clerk – Parish Clerk

Parishes: Cornwall_Parishes

Online Parish Clerk - Parish Clerk -Parish Clerk

Poor Law Unions: Unions

Workhouses and Poor Law Unions in England: authored by Peter Higginbotham: Workhouses

GENUKI - index

FHL Favorites - Links

Cornwall Genealogy Database - lanset

Cornwall Surname Registry: Rootsweb.ancestry

Cumberland
Wiki -Cumberland

Parishes - Cumberland_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - Parish Clerks

Poor Law Unions: Cumberland Poor Law Unions

FHL Favorites - Links

GENUKI - UK

Websites - Genealogy links

- UK genealogy

- Genealogy-of-uk

- Cumberland &amp; Westmorland Archives – contains extracted Parish Registers: Archives

Cumbria – The county of Cumbria was formed 1 April 1974 from the counties of Cumberland, Westmoreland, part of northern Lancashire and part of the West Riding of Yorkshire.

Note: does not appear in Wiki; search the counties from which Cumbria was formed.

Derbyshire
Wiki - Derbyshire Parishes - Derbyshire Parishes

Towns &amp; Parishes - genuki

Poor Law Unions - Derbyshire_Poor_Law_Unions

FHL Favorites - Links

GENUKI - UK

Websites - Genealogy-links

- Genealogylinks

- Genealogyinengland

Devon
Wiki - Devon

Parishes - Devon_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - Parish Clerks

Online Parish Clerk - Clerk

- Genuki

Note: at this site there is a list of parishes with links to those parishes where there is an Online Parish Clerk, which will be helpful to your Patron, if all other resources fail to help him.

OPC coverage map - map

Poor Law Unions - Unions

FHL Favorites - Links

Websites - Genealogywise

- Genealogylinks

- Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry

Dorset
Wiki - Dorset

Parishes - Dorset Parishes

Online Parish Clerk - Clerk

Genealogy Clerk

Poor Law Unions - Dorset Poor Law Unions

GENUKI - UK-genealogy

FHL Favorites - Links

Websites - Genealogylinks

- Homepages

- Thedorsetpage

- UKgenealogy

Durham
Collections:

England, Diocese of Durham Bishops' Transcripts ca., 1700-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1309819

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/England_Diocese_of_Durham_Bishops%27_Transcripts,_1700-1900_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)

England, Durham Diocese, Calendar of Marriage Bonds &amp; Allegations, 1594-1815 https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1840743

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England, Durham Diocese, Marriage Bonds and Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)

England, Durham Diocese, Marriage Bonds &amp; Allegations, 1692-1900 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1675690

Note: The Bishop of Durham's transcripts of marriage bonds and allegations for Allertonshire Peculiar, includes the following Yorkshire parishes: Birkby, Cowesby, Hutton Bonville, Leake, Nether Silton, North Otterington, Osmotherly and Thornton-le-Street.

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki England, Durham Diocese, Marriage Bonds and Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)

List of abbreviations used in these records: https://www.familysearch.org/search/image/show#uri=https%3A//api.familysearch.org/records/waypoint/5486390

Note: DMB = Durham Marriage Bonds

Wiki – https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Durham

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Durham_Parishes

Poor Law Union - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Durham_Poor_Law_Union,_Durham#Parishes_in_the_Union


 * https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Durham_Poor_Law_Unions

Websites: $$$ Durham Records Online - http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/

GENUKI - http://joinermarriageindex.co.uk/pjoiner/genuki/DUR/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/durham.htm

Essex
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Essex

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Essex_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://essex-opc.org.uk/

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Essex_Poor_Law_Unions

GENUKI - http://www.nivek-systems.co.uk/genuki/ESS/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/essex.htm

Websites:

Essex Look-up Exchange - http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~alefounder/essgen/ess.html

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/essex/

- http://www.ukisearch.com/essex.html

- http://www.esog.org/

Gloucestershire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Gloucestershire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Gloucestershire_Parishes

A personal collection of parish information for Gloucestershire records:

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~jonescollection/opc/parishes/my_unofficial_parishes.html

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Gloucestershire_Poor_Law_Unions

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/GLS/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/gloucestershire.htm

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/gloucestershire/

- http://ww3.gloucestershire.gov.uk/genealogy/Search.aspx

- http://www.ukisearch.com/gloucestershire.html

- http://www.sog.org.uk/prc/gloucestershire.shtml

Greater London
…is a civil parish - the most local unit of government in England. A parish is governed by a parish council or parish meeting, which exercises a limited number of functions that would otherwise be delivered by the local authority. There are no civil parishes in Greater London and not all of the rest of England is parishes.

Wiki – not a specific page for Greater London but there are two sites on this page that will assist your Patron - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Special:Search?fulltext=true&amp;search=Greater+London%2C+England

GENUKI – parishes -http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/LND/parishes.html

GENUKI – research map - http://www.genuki.org.uk/contents/LNDcontents.shtml

Hampshire
Note: Hampshire, also known as Southamptonshire, is principally a maritime and agricultural county located on the south coast of England. The Isle of Wight was originally part of Hampshire but is now a county in its own right.

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Hampshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Hampshire_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Hampshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Online Parish Clerk - http://www.knightroots.co.uk/parishes.htm

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/hampshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HAM/

- Churches and their records: http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HAM/church.shtml

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/hampshire/

- http://www.ancestors-genealogy.com/hampshire/

- http://www.genealogywise.com/group/hampshiregenealogy

- http://homepages.nildram.co.uk/~jimella/hants.htm

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/hampshire.htm

- http://www.ukisearch.com/hampshire.html

Herefordshire
Note: Herefordshire, or Hereford, is an inland county contiguous to Wales in England.

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Herefordshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Herefordshire_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Herefordshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses in 1881 Census -

http://www.census-online.com/links/England/Herefordshire/

Workhouses information - http://www.herefordshire.gov.uk/htt/681.aspx

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HEF/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/herefordshire.htm

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/herefordshire

- http://www.sog.org.uk/prc/herefordshire.shtml

Hertfordshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Hertfordshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Hertfordshire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerk - http://ashdownhouse.org/Rolling-History/Hertfordshire-Online-Parish-Clerks/

Poor Law Unions -

https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Hertfordshire_Poor_Law_Unions

http://www.hertfordshire-genealogy.co.uk/data/places/unions/!-unions-home.htm

Workhouses - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/hertfordshire.htm

GENUKI - http://joinermarriageindex.co.uk/pjoiner/genuki/HRT/

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/hertfordshire

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/hertfordshire.htm

- http://www.genealogy-of-uk.com/England/Hertfordshire/genealogy.htm

Huntingdonshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Huntingdonshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Huntingdonshire_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Huntingdonshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/leisure/archives/catalogue/holdings/t_z/workhouses.htm

1881 Census for Workhouses in Huntingdonshire - http://www.census-online.com/links/England/Huntingdonshire/

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HUN/

- http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HUN/index.html#Poorhouses and Poor Law Etc

Websites - http://www.ukgdl.org.uk/county/huntingdonshire/institutions

- Note: this is a website for the town of Huntingdon http://genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HUN/Huntingdon/

Isle of Wight
Note: The Isle of Wight was originally part of Hampshire but is now a county in its own right.

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Isle_of_Wight,_Hampshire,_England,_Vital_Records

Parishes - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HAM/IOW/indexpars.shtml

Poor Law Unions - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

FHL Favorites - http://www.fhlfavorites.com/Individual_Bookmarks/British_Bookmarks/bookmarks/England_bookmark.htm scroll down or do Ctrl+F for Isle of Wight

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/HAM/IOW/index.shtml

Websites: http://www.isle-of-wight-fhs.co.uk/iowweb.htm

- http://www.genealogy-of-uk.com/England/Isle-Of-Wight/genealogy.htm

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/isle-of-wight/

Isles of Scilly, a parish in Cornwall
The Isles of Scilly (pronounced /ˈsɪli/; Cornish: Syllan or Enesek Syllan) form an archipelago off the southwestern tip of the Cornish peninsula of Great Britain. The islands have had a unitary authority council since 1890, and are separate from the Cornwall unitary authority, but some services are combined with Cornwall and the islands are still part of the ceremonial county of Cornwall. This council is part of the UK and currently known as the Council of the Isles of Scilly.

Typically unitary authorities cover towns or cities which are large enough to function independently of county or other regional administration. Sometimes they consist of national sub-divisions which are distinguished from others in the same country by having no lower level of administration.

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Isles_of_Scilly,_Cornwall

Online Parish Clerk - http://www.cornwall-opc.org/Par_new/h_k/isles_of_scilly.php

- http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~ricksmith61/scilly/index.html

Poor Law Union – “The Isles of Scilly appear to have been included as a parish within the Penzance Poor Law Union” as per Peter Higginbotham, Penzance, Cornwall. http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

List of towns in the various Isles - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isles_of_Scilly

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/cgi-bin/htsearch?words=Isles+of+Scilly&amp;method=and&amp;format=builtin-short&amp;matchesperpage=20&amp;sort=score&amp;config=genuki


 * http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/Cornwall/IslesofScilly/

Websites - http://www.familytreecircles.com/link_529.html

- of Scilly http://www.uk-surnames.com/list.php?county=Isles%20of%20Scilly

Kent
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Kent

Civil Districts - http://www.ukbmd.org.uk/genuki/reg/ken.html

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Kent_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Kent_Poor_Law_Unions

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/kent.htm

GENUKI - http://users.ox.ac.uk/~malcolm/genuki/big/eng/KEN/

Websites - http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mrawson/

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mrawson/kentgen.html

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/kent/

Lancashire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Lancashire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Lancashire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://www.lan-opc.org.uk/

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Lancashire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.ukgdl.org.uk/county/lancashire/institutions

Online Parish Clerk - http://www.lan-opc.org.uk/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/lancashire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/

Websites - http://www.genealogy-of-uk.com/England/Lancashire/genealogy.htm

http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/lancashire

Leicestershire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Leicestershire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Leicestershire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerk - http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~engleiopc/

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Leicestershire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?Leicester/Leicester.shtml

- http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LEI/#Poorhouses

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/leicestershire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LEI/

Websites - http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/lei.htm

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/leicestershire/

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/leicestershire.htm

Lincolnshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Lincolnshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Lincolnshire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://www.ukbmd.org.uk/online_parish_clerk

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Lincolnshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LIN/poorhouse.html

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/lincolnshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LIN/

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/lincolnshire/

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/lin.htm

- http://www.genealogy-links.co.uk/html/lincs.html

http://www.lincolnshire.gov.uk/residents/archives/collections/archive-collections/ecclesiastical/parish-registers-and-bishops-transcripts-deposited-at-lincolnshire-archives/

London
The City of London is an inland administrative unit located in the south east of England'.

Strictly speaking, London was not a county until the establishment of the London County Council (LCC) in 1889. As a result of the huge expansion in the 18th and 19th centuries into one of the largest cities in the world, this new administrative unit absorbed parts of several of the historical counties surrounding it: Middlesex, Kent, Surrey and Essex. Throughout these changes, the City of London, whose area was largely established in Roman times, maintained its independence, and these pages are focused on that area, often referred to as 'The City' or 'The Square Mile'.

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/London

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/London_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/London_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://blogs.ancestry.com/ancestry/2009/03/27/london-workhouse-records-and-more-to-come/

- http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

GENUKI - http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/MDX/

- http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/LND/

Websites - http://www.londonpubliclibrary.ca/node/27

- http://www.londonorigins.com/

- http://homepages.nildram.co.uk/~jimella/london.htm

Middlesex
Note: For other places with same name, please refer to Middlesex (disambiguation)

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Middlesex

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Middlesex_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Middlesex_Poor_Law_Unions

GENUKI - http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/MDX/

Websites - http://www.angelfire.com/fl/Sumter/Middlesex.html

- http://www.sog.org.uk/prc/middlesex.shtml http://www.familyrelatives.com/search/search_parishrecords_indi.php?co=Middlesex

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/marriages/uk/england/london.htm

Norfolk
England, Norfolk Archdeacon's Transcripts, 1600-1812 - https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1824688

Known Issues - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/England_Norfolk_Church_of_England_Parish_Registers_and_Bishops’_Transcripts_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)#Known_Issues_With_This_Collection

Learn More - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/England_Norfolk_Church_of_England_Parish_Registers_and_Bishops’_Transcripts_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Norfolk

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Norfolk_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - http://www.origins.org.uk/genuki/NFK/norfolk/poor/unions/

Workhouses - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/norfolk.htm

GENUKI - http://www.origins.org.uk/genuki/NFK/places/parish_links.shtml

Websites - http://www.archives.norfolk.gov.uk/nroindex.htm

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/norfolk/parish-registers.htm

- [http://www.familytreeforum.com/showthread.php/79582-Norfolk-Parish-Registers-online! http://www.familytreeforum.com/showthread.php/79582-Norfolk-Parish-Registers-online!]

- http://www.ellett.org.uk/pr.htm

- http://www.norfolkfhs.org.uk/projects/parish-transcripts.asp

Northamptonshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Northamptonshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Northamptonshire_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Northamptonshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?Northampton/Northampton.shtml

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/northamptonshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.kellner.eclipse.co.uk/genuki/NTH/

Websites – registration districts - http://www.ukbmd.org.uk/genuki/reg/nth.html

- http://www.genealogy-of-uk.com/England/Northamptonshire/genealogy.htm

- http://www.genealogy-of-uk.com/England/Northamptonshire/genealogy.htm

- http://www.kellner.eclipse.co.uk/genuki/NTH/Surnames/

Northumberland
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Northumberland

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Northumberland_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Northumberland_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses – you will have to Google for the workhouses and choose in this county as the URL for Peter Higginbotham’s site for Northumberland is not available for copying.

http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?Northampton/Northampton.shtml

http://www.genuki.bpears.org.uk/NBL/Poorhouses.html

1861 Census - http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~tynesidehistory/poorlaw1.html

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/northumberland.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.bpears.org.uk/NBL/

Websites - http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~tynesidehistory/poorlaw.html

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~tynesidehistory/poorlaw3.html

Nottinghamshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Nottinghamshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Nottinghamshire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~netgrrl79/notts-opc/births.html

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Nottinghamshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.nottinghamshire.gov.uk/home/leisure/archives/archivescollections/summaryguide/archivessemiofficialrecords/archivespoorlaw.htm

- http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?Nottingham/Nottingham.shtml

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/nottinghamshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/NTT/

Websites - http://www.genealogy-links.co.uk/html/notts.html

http://www.familyrelatives.com/search/search_parishrecords_indi.php?co=Nottinghamshire

Oxfordshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Oxfordshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Oxfordshire_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Oxfordshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses – Oxford - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?Oxford/Oxford.shtml

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/oxfordshire.htm

GENUKI - http://users.ox.ac.uk/~malcolm/genuki/big/eng/OXF/

Websites - http://www.familyrelatives.com/search/search_parishrecords_indi.php?co=Oxfordshire

- http://searches.oxfordshirefhs.org.uk/parhelp.html

Rutland
Note: Rutland, or Rutlandshire, is an inland county, the smallest in 'England'.

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Rutland

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Rutland_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Rutland_Poor_Law_Unions

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/rutland.htm

GENUKI - http://www.kellner.eclipse.co.uk/genuki/RUT/

Websites - http://www.genealogy-of-uk.com/England/Rutland/genealogy.htm

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/rut.htm

- http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=5928

Shropshire
Wiki- https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Shropshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Shropshire_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Shropshire_Poor_Law_Unions

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/shropshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/SAL/

Websites - http://www.ukgdl.org.uk/county/shropshire/institutions

Somerset
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Somerset

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Somerset_Parishes

Online Parish Clerk - http://wsom-opc.org.uk/

http://genealogy.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&amp;zTi=1&amp;sdn=genealogy&amp;cdn=parenting&amp;tm=341&amp;gps=163_506_1131_780&amp;f=22&amp;tt=14&amp;bt=0&amp;bts=0&amp;zu=http%3A//wsom-opc.org.uk/

Online Parish Clerks Genealogy - http://wsom-opc.org.uk/

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Somerset_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouse - (enter the County name in the search field) - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/somersetshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/SOM/

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/somerset/

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/som.htm

Staffordshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Staffordshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Staffordshire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerk - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/staffordshire/staffordshire_parish_registers.htm

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Staffordshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.staffsnameindexes.org.uk/StartPage.aspx?Mode=Details&amp;Index=E

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/staffordshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/STS/

Websites - http://www.genealogy-of-uk.com/England/Staffordshire/genealogy.htm

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/sts.htm

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/staffordshire.htm

- http://www.bmsgh.org/

Suffolk
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Suffolk

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Suffolk_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Suffolk_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.historicalsuffolk.com/Suffolk_Workhouses.html

- http://www.photoboxgallery.com/Historicalsuffolkimages/collection?album_id=100996907

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/suffolk.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/SFK/

Websites - http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/sfk.htm

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/suffolk/

- http://www.genealogy-links.co.uk/html/suffk.html

Surrey
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Surrey

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Surrey_Parishes

Guide to Parish Registers - to Parish Registers held at Surrey History Centre Jan 2011.pdf http://www.surreycc.gov.uk/sccwebsite/sccwspublications.nsf/f2d920e015d1183d80256c670041a50b/12ecd03da0cf069280257540003356d2/$FILE/Guide%20to%20Parish%20Registers%20held%20%20at%20Surrey%20History%20Centre%20Jan%202011.pdf

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/surrey.htm

GENUKI - http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/SRY/

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/surrey/

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/sry.htm

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/surrey.htm

Sussex
Wiki: https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Sussex

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Sussex_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://www.sussex-opc.org/

Poor Law Records, settlements and removals - http://www.sussexrecordsociety.org/plhome.asp?an=&amp;ap

Workhouses - http://www.rootschat.com/history/hastings/content/view/44/46/

Online Parish Clerks: http://www.sussex-opc.org/

FHL Favorites: http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/sussex.htm

GENUKI - http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/SSX/

Websites':

The Weald - http://www.theweald.org/

Sussex Record Society - http://www.sussexrecordsociety.org.uk/

Includes links to a variety of sources for Sussex - - http://www.barriesgenealogy.co.uk/html/broadwater_worthing.html

http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/sussex.htm


 * Note: this is really good - http://www.sfhg.org.uk/loc_gen_sites.html

Look-up Exchange - http://homepage.ntlworld.com/w.jowett/sussexlookup.html

East Sussex

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/East_Sussex_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks for East and West Sussex: http://genealogy.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&amp;zTi=1&amp;sdn=genealogy&amp;cdn=parenting&amp;tm=398&amp;gps=210_577_1131_780&amp;f=22&amp;tt=14&amp;bt=0&amp;bts=0&amp;zu=http%3A//www.sussex-opc.org/

West Sussex

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/West_Sussex_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks for East and West Sussex: http://genealogy.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&amp;zTi=1&amp;sdn=genealogy&amp;cdn=parenting&amp;tm=398&amp;gps=210_577_1131_780&amp;f=22&amp;tt=14&amp;bt=0&amp;bts=0&amp;zu=http%3A//www.sussex-opc.org/

West Sussex Council - http://www.westsussex.gov.uk/leisure/explore_west_sussex/record_office_and_archives.aspx

Warwickshire
Collection: https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1462403

Learn More at FamilySearch Wiki https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/England_Warwickshire_Church_of_England_Parish_Registers_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Warwickshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Warwickshire_Parishes

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Warwickshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Online Parish Clerk - http://www.hunimex.com/warwick/opc/opc.html

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/warwickshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/WAR/

Websites - http://www.hunimex.com/warwick/index.html

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/war.htm

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/warwickshire/

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/warwickshire.htm

- http://www.bmsgh.org/

Westmorland
https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Special:Search?fulltext=true&amp;search=WESTMORLAND+COUNTY%3A+Sources+Links+Table

Description - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westmorland

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Westmorland

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Westmorland_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://www.cumberlandarchives.co.uk/

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Westmorland_Poor_Law_Unions

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/westmoreland.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/WES/

- http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/WES/index.htm#PoorHouses

Websites - http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~engwes/

Wiltshire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Wiltshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Wiltshire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://www.onlineparishclerks.org.uk/

- http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~engwopcp/index.html

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Wiltshire_Poor_Law_Unions

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/wiltshire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/WIL/

Websites - http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/wiltshire/

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/wiltshire.htm

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/wil.htm

Worcestershire
Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Worcestershire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Worcestershire_Parishes

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/worcestershire.htm

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/WOR/

Websites - http://www.bmsgh.org/

Yorkshire
Collection:

England, Yorkshire, Allertonshire, Marriage Bonds &amp; Allegations, 1667-1819

https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://hr-search-api:8080/searchapi/search/collection/1675718

Learn More : https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/England,_Yorkshire,_Allertonshire,_Marriage_Bonds_and_Allegations_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Yorkshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Yorkshire_Parishes

Online Parish Clerks - http://www.ukbmd.org.uk/county/yorkshire/online_parish_clerks/

Poor Law Unions - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Yorkshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Workhouses - http://www.lineages.co.uk/2007/05/11/yorkshire-workhouses/

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/

FHL Favorites o http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/yorkshire.htm

Websites - http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~engyks/

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/yorkshire/

- http://www.genealogylinks.net/uk/england/yorkshire/parish-registers.htm

- http://www.ukgenealogy.co.uk/yks.htm

- http://my-yorkshire-genealogy.blogspot.com/

- http://www.genealogyinengland.com/Counties/yorkshire.htm

West Yorkshire

Note: Parishes located in the West Riding of Yorkshire are listed below, if you can't find the parish you are looking for, please check the list of parishes in the North Riding and East Riding, and for the city of York.

Wiki - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Special:Search?fulltext=true&amp;search=West+Yorkshire

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/West_Riding_of_Yorkshire_Parishes

GENUKI - http://www.ukbmd.org.uk/genuki/reg/wry.html

North Yorkshire

Note: Parishes located in the North Riding of Yorkshire are listed below. If you can't find the parish you are looking for, please check the list of parishes in the West and East Ridings, and for the city of York.

Parishes - https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/North_Riding_of_Yorkshire_Parishes

GENUKI - http://www.ukbmd.org.uk/genuki/reg/nry.html

Websites: http://www.northyorks.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=3144

- Look-up Exchange - http://www.redmire.net/lookup/nry.html

East Riding of Yorkshire

FHL Favorites - http://fhlfavorites.info/Links/British/England/yorkshire.htm

Wiki: https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Yorkshire

Parishes: https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Yorkshire_Parishes

https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Yorkshire_Parishes_K-R

Poor Law Unions: https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Yorkshire_Poor_Law_Unions

Registration Districts - http://www.ukbmd.org.uk/genuki/reg/ery.html

GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/

Websites: - Yorkshire BMD - http://www.yorkshirebmd.org.uk/

- http://www.astrogen.karoo.net/eygs.htm

Six metropolitan counties and their metropolitan districts
GENUKI - http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/Modern.html “GENUKI is organized on the basis of historic counties. This page associates more modern counties and county boroughs with the GENUKI pages which cover those areas. See also: Administrative Areas of England.

More Quick Links:

Quick Research Links - Ireland

Quick Research Links - Scotland

Quick Research Links - The Channel Islands

Quick Research Links - Wales

Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:


 * England Births and Christenings (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Deaths and Burials (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Bristol Church of England Parish Registers and Bishop's Transcripts (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England, Cheshie Nonconformist Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England, Cheshire Marriage Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Cornwall Church of England Parish Registers and Bishop' Transcripts (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Diocese of Durham Bishop's Transcripts 1700-1900 (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England, Durham Diocese, Marriage Bonds & Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England, Durham Diocese, Calendar of Marriage Bonds and Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Essex Church of England Parish Registers and Bishops' Transcripts FamilySearch Historicla Records)
 * England, Lancaster-Cheschire-Yorkshire Church of England Parish Registers (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England, Norfolk, Church of England Parish Registers and Bishop's Transcripts (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Norfolk Marriage Bonds (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Norfolk Monumental Inscriptions (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Norfolk Non-Conformist Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Norfolk Poor Lalw Union Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Norfolk Register of Electors (FamilySearch Historical Record)
 * England, Northumberland, Miscellaneous Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England Warwickshire Church of Engalnd Parish Registers (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England, Yorkshire, Allertonshire, Marriage Bonds and Allegations (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England and Wales 1841 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * Engalnd and Wales 1851 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * Engalnd and Wales 1861 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England and Wales 1871 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * Engalnd and Wales 1881 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England and Wales 1891 Census (FamilySerach Historical Records)
 * Engalnd and Wales Census, 1901 (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * England and Wales Census, 1911 (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * Great Britain Births and Baptisms (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * Great Briitian Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * Isle of Man, Parish Registers (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * World Miscellaneous Births and Baptisms (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * World Miscellaneous Deaths and Burials (FamilySearch Historical Records)
 * World Miscellaneous Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)World_Miscellaneous_Deaths_and_Burials_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)|