User:Lionelfullwood/Sandbox6

England Northamptonshire  Northampton

Guide to Northampton history, family history, and genealogy: parish registers, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records.



History
Northampton is the county town of Northamptonshire in the East Midlands of England. It lies on the River Nene, about 67 miles (108 km) north-west of London and 50 miles (80 km) south-east of Birmingham. It is one of the largest towns in the UK that has not been designated as a city.

Archaeological evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the Bronze Age, Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods. Remains found in the Briar Hill district show evidence of a Neolithic encampment within a large circular earthwork where local farmers assembled for tribal ceremonies and seasonal events from approximately 3500 BC to 2000 BC.

During the British Iron Age, people typically lived in protected hill forts. Present-day Hunsbury Hill is an example of this settlement; a circular ditch and a bank faced with a wall of timber and enclosing an area of 160 acres (65 ha) which dates to around 400 BC. In the Roman period, a small rural settlement is thought to have existed in the present-day district of Duston; remains of Roman pottery were found there.

During the Middle Ages, the town rose to national significance with the establishment of Northampton Castle, which was an occasional royal residence and regularly hosted the Parliament of England. Medieval Northampton had many churches, monasteries and the University of Northampton, which were all enclosed by the town walls. It was granted its first town charter by King Richard I in 1189 and its first mayor was appointed by King John in 1215.

Markets and fairs were a key element in the town's economy in medieval times. The Market Square came to prominence in 1235 when Henry III ordered that the selling of goods in the churchyard of All Saint's should be relocated to the Market Square. Street names in the town give an indication of trades and market centers; Corn Hill, Malt Hill, Mercer Row, Gold Street, Sheep Street and Horse Market. Cloth and wool were very important but these industries later declined. In the 13th century, Northampton had a large Jewish population centered on Gold Street. In 1277—two years after Edward I passed the Statute of the Jewry—some Jewish residents were executed while the remainder were driven out of town.

The town center was, to a great extent, destroyed by the Great Fire of Northampton in 1675, caused by sparks from an open fire in a thatched cottage by the castle. The fire spread eastwards by strong westerly winds and consumed three-quarters of the town center in 24 hours. Matters were worsened because most buildings were chiefly made of wood and covered with thatch. An estimated 600 buildings were destroyed at that time.

By the end of the 18th century, Northampton had become a major center of footwear and leather manufacture. In 1801, the population was 7,020; it more than doubled to 15,351 in 1831, attributed to the fact that there was great demand for footwear caused by the Napoleonic Wars of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. A third of the adult males alone were shoemakers at the time. Northampton grew beyond the old town walls and industry grew rapidly with the mechanization of factories by the middle of the 19th century.

After World War II, Northampton vastly changed. In 1959, the M1 motorway was opened to the south-west of the town; in 1968, Northampton was designated a New Town. Both these events and the rail link helped Northampton's growth as a commuter town for London. Although growth was slower than planned, the population grew from 105,421 in 1961 to 157,217 by 1981, with 15,655 new homes added to the town between 1970 and 1985. In 2006, Northampton became a government expansion zone with new growth promoted by West Northamptonshire Development Corporation (WNDC), an un-elected research group, which has provoked a series of regeneration schemes across the town.

Cemeteries (Civil)
Towcester Road Cemetery:


 * 302 Towcester Rd
 * Northampton NN4 8LP

Billing Road Cemetery:


 * 36 South Terrace
 * Northampton NN1 5JY

Dallington Cemetery:


 * Harlestone Rd
 * Northampton NN5 6AB

Kingsthorpe Cemetery:


 * Northampton, UK

Parishes
Salford has many Anglican churches. A link that identifies each church, including the individual websites, follows:


 * Salford Anglican Parishes


 * St Philip's Church
 * Sacred Trinity Church
 * Church of The Ascension
 * St Clement's Church, Lower Broughton
 * St James' Church, Higher Brougton.
 * St Paul's Church, Kersal
 * St Andrew's, Carrclough
 * St John's Church, Pendlebury
 * St Aidan's Church, Lower Kersal
 * St Thomas' Church, Pendleton
 * Holy Angels, Claremont
 * St Luke's, Weaste
 * Emmanuel LEP
 * St Paul with Christ Church
 * St Clement's church, Ordsall and Salford Quays

Non Conformists
Salford also has a large Roman Catholic population. The website for the RC diocese follows:


 * Diocese of Salford

Other Christian groups follow:


 * Baptists
 * Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
 * Greek Orthodox
 * Jehovah's Witnesses
 * Methodist
 * Presbyterian
 * Salvation Army Church
 * Seventh Day Adventists

Non Christian faiths include the following:


 * Buddhist
 * Hindu
 * Jewish
 * Muslim
 * Sikh

Civil Registration

 * Lancashire BMD org


 * Salford City Council BMD records


 * UKBMD org: Salford

Local Histories

 * Salford cummunity and Leisure / Salford History


 * British History: Salford


 * Salford through time by Paul Hindle


 * Salford, an Illustrated History, by Glynis Cooper

Maps and Gazetteers

 * Michelin Map of Salford


 * Artus Family History: Old map of Salford


 * Francis Frith: Old Salford Maps


 * Vision of Britain, Salford History and Gazetteer


 * Genuki Salford Gazetteer

Newspapers
Salford itself does not have any newspapers. However the Greater Manchester area has a number as identified below:


 * Manchester Evening News


 * The Guardian

Occupations
Salford as suffered from high levels of unemployment and housing and social problems since around the 1960s, although there are regeneration schemes to reverse its fortunes. It is still an area of high unemployment and low opportunity.

The University of Salford was initially established as a Technical College in 1896, but has since grown to become a well known University within the UK. As such, it provides many employment opportunities, both in the world of academia, as well as supporting occupations. The local Council also provides many sources for local employment.

The Salford Group is a private group set up to promote investment in the agricultural and agricultural machinery arena, and has done very well for growth in the region.

There has been a major regeneration effort in the area of the Salford Quays, once a major employer in the maritime industry, but now developed as a seed area for local companies. There are presently more than 830 companies based there providing employment to several thousand individuals.

Societies

 * Manchester and Salford Family History Forum


 * Manchester and Salford Family History Society


 * Manchester and Lancashire Family History Society


 * Forebears: Salford

Archives

 * The National Archives: Salford


 * University of Salford: Archives


 * Salford on Line: History and Archives


 * Salford City Archives

Web Sites

 * Salford City Council


 * Greater Manchester Combined Council


 * wikipedia, Greater Manchester, Salford