Abenaki Tribe

Location: New England; Southeastern Quebec

Language: Algonquian

Eastern Abenaki: Penobscot and Passamaquoddy (two largest tribes), Houlton, Maliseet, Androscoggin, Kennebec, Ossipee, and Pigwacket.

Western Abenaki: Vermont Abenaki

Well known Leaders: Massasoit, son of Massasoit Metacom (King Phillip), Samoset,

Brief Timeline
War, famine and disease depopulation the tribes in the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

1524: French expediton led by Giovanni da Verranzano was early recorded contact with non Indians

1600's: Fur trading began with the French and English

1600'S: Their villages raided by the Iroquois.

1604: Samuel de Champlain a fur trader encounterd many of the Abenaki tribes.

1675-1676: King Phillip's War

1689-1697: Joined the French against the English

Intertribal conflict with the Micmac

Jesuit missionaries were the first, with the Roman catholic and Protestant missionaries following

1702-1713: Queen Anne's War

1722- 1727: Dummer's War / Lovewell's War; initally an effort to defend their rights to their land supported anf the French Jesuits.

1744-1748: King George's War -- the Abenaki, Missisquoi, St. Frances and Sokoki joined the French in fighting the English.

1756-1763 Seven Years' War or French and Indian War

1776-: During the Revolutionary War the St. Francis Abenaki served with the British; the Panobscot, Passamaquoddy, Maliseet and Micmac supported the colonists

Migration into Canada as Vermont denied land to the Abenaki

1805: The British gave land to the Abenaki (Canada)

1980: President Carter signed a bill granting Passamaquoddy and Penobscot millions in restitution for the loss of their homelands.

1982: Vermont Abenaki applied for federal recognition

Reservations
Penobscot Reservation

Old Town, Maine

Tribal Headquarters
Abenaki Tribal Council P.O. Box 276 Missiquoi, Vermont 05488

Records
Census Records: census early 1800-1852

Important Web Sites

 * Constitution of the Cowasuck Band of the Pennacook-Abenaki People of the Greater Abenaki Nation of the Wabanaki Confederation of N'dakinna approved 2005
 * Abenaki Nation Official Website
 * Abenaki Wikipedia
 * Abenaki Genealogy -- a website devoted to biography, genealogy, and history of the tribe.