Step-by-Step Utah Research, 1900-Present

Utah Step-by-step research 1900--present
 * A suggested approach to genealogy research in Utah family history records.

Step 1. Find out everything you can from living relatives and their family records:
Every good genealogy project starts with finding all the clues you can gather from living relatives — both from their memories and from documents or memorabilia in their homes.

What should you ask?
In order to extend your research on your ancestors, you are looking for names, dates, and places. Everything you learn that tells you about when and where a relative lived is a clue to a new record search. Be sure to ask questions that lead to that information, including about their occupations, military service, or associations with others, such as fraternal organizations. See also:


 * Fifty Questions for Family History Interviews What to Ask the Relatives
 * Genealogy: 150 questions to ask family members about their lives
 * Creating Oral Histories

Family Members Born After 1940
Because the most recent census available was taken in 1940, family documents and the knowledge of living family members play a vital role in identifying these people. Once you have learned names, places of residence, and clues to estimate approximate birth date, the next important step is to send for birth, marriage, and death records for them. Skip to Step 3: Find birth, marriage, and death certificates for your ancestors and their children.



Using the clues to lead to census record searches.
Here are three documents you might find in a home search: a newspaper clipping, a funeral program, and a wedding announcement. The clues in them help us know which census records to search:

1. From the funeral program we see that Ray Beck was born in 1907 in Utah. If we find him in the 1910 and 1920 censuses, he should be living in his parents' home. We might find him married by the 1930 census or the 1940 census.

2. In the obituary, we find that Laura Swallow was born in 1896 in Fillmore, Utah, to Charles and Isabel Swallow. We will find her in the 1900 and 1910 censuses living with her parents. She married Joseph Clifton Beckstrand in 1917, so we look for them in the 1920, 1930, and 1940 census records. We can also look for Joseph Clifton Beckstrand in the 1910and 1900 censuses living with his parents. 3. Study the wedding announcement. Edmund Gubler and Eliza Hafen were married in St. George, Utah, in 1917, but held their reception in Santa Clara, which was probably the bride's home town. We can look for them in 1920, 1930, and 1940 as a married couple. We can also look for the Herman Gubler family in 1910 and 1900, and the Hafen family in 1910 and 1900, hopefully then identifying her parents.


 * Click on the links in each example to see how these searches turned out. Notice the new information found. Later, these clues will help us find them in more records.

Step 2. Find your ancestors in every possible census record, 1910-1940, online.
A census is a count and description of the population of a country, state, county, or city for a given date. A census took a "snapshot" of a family on a certain day. For each person living in a household you might find (depending on the year) their name, age, birthplace, relationship to head of household, place of birth for father and mother, citizenship status, year of immigration, mother of how many children and number of children living, native language, and whether they were a veteran of the military.

To learn more about census records, including search strategies, see United States Census Records for Beginners.

Look at the samples of census records below. You should find your family members in every possible census, using these convenient links:

United States census records

 * Here is a sample of a 1900 United States census record. You can see all the different information you can glean from this record once you find your family in the census. [[Image:1900 United States Census.jpg|thumb|center|800px|1910 United States Census.jpg]]
 * You will want to find and keep notes on census records from every census during each ancestor's lifetime. For example, if your ancestor was born in 1897 and died in 1945, you will want to find them in the 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, and 1940 censuses.
 * With the census records, you will then be able to estimate approximate birth dates and marriage dates. These records will lead you to new searches because you will find the names of other members of the family. You will find clues to other states and countries your family lived in before coming to Utah.


 * You can use what you learned from the census records to help you search for birth, marriage, and death records. Possibly the clues you find in the certificates will lead you back to the census records again for new names of family members.

Using the census clues to lead to a birth certificate.
The census records we discovered for each of the three families gave us the names of many children, both theirs and their parents'. We can look for birth certificates for Ray Willis Beck, Laura Swallow, Joseph Clifton Beckstrand, Edmund Gubler, (note that his wife Eliza Hafen was born in Nevada), all their children, and all their siblings, if we want to prove their exact birth dates, birth places and full names. We would also discover the maiden names of each of their mothers, allowing us to do their genealogy also. Click on the links, and you will see some of the birth certificates and the information we found:

1. Ray Willis Beck's birth certificate shows that his mother was Lizella Hafen. (Although in his sibling's birth certificates she is Lizetta. Both parents were born in Mt. Pleasant.

2. The birth certificate of Linford August Beckstrand, brother of Joseph Clifton Beckstrand, shows that their mother was Emmeline Bennett, born in Holden, Millard County, Utah. His father was born in Fillmore.

3. Although Laura Swallow was born before birth certificates we kept, the birth certificate her brother, Donald,  shows that their mother was Isabel Dearden. It also gives the full birth places of her father (Stebbin, England) and mother (Fillmore, Utah).

Using the census clues to lead to a marriage certificate.
As we look in the Utah marriage indexes there are literally hundreds of entries for the people we started with, their parents, siblings, aunts and uncles, cousins. Here, for example are just the Gubler entries, 126 in all. Here is just one example of the data that can be found in a great marriage record, although sometimes we only get the bride and groom names and the date. But this example shows why we look for all the marriage records we can, hoping for that great find:

Using the census clues to lead to a death certificate.
The importance of death certificates is clearly shown in these examples where we are told the names of the parents and sometimes their birthplaces:

1. Herman Gubler was the son of John Gubler (born in Muellheim, Switzerland) and Mary Ursula Mueller (born in Stecklen, Switzerland).

2. Selina Gubler was the daughter of Caspar and Catherine Gubler, both born in Muellheim, Switzerland.

3. Lizetta Beck was the daughter of Jacob Hafen and Lizetta Ott.

4. Charles Swallow was the son of Thomas Swallow and Caroline Crow.

5. Isabella Dearden Swallow was the daughter of Thomas and Isabella Dearden (born in Fillmore, Utah).

Step 3: Find birth, marriage, and death certificates for your ancestors and their children.
States, counties, or even towns in some states recorded births, marriages, and deaths. You have probably seen these types of certificates and have your own. In addition to the child's name, birth date, and place of birth, a birth certificate may give the birthplaces of the parents, their ages, and occupations. A death certificate may give the person's birth date and place, parents' names and birthplaces, and spouse's name.

Remember that for family members born after 1940 you do not have census records to rely on. The information from interviewing family members will hopefully give you enough detail that you know approximate years of birth, marriage, or death. Sending for certificates will help verify identities, prove relationships, and fill in greater detail.

Studying what you have found:

 * Review what you have found to see if there is missing information that could be found in a birth, marriage, or death certificate for your ancestors and their children.
 * If you are missing the names of parents, find a person's death certificate. It may contain the names of the deceased's parents, which would extend your pedigree back one more generation.
 * If you find a child listed in a census record, try to find their actual birth certificate to learn their full birth date.
 * If a married couple is shown in the census records and you need the wife's maiden name, search for their marriage record or her death record. The mother's maiden name should also be given in her children's birth certificates.

Obtaining the certificates

 * There are basically three ways to find these certificates, or the information from them: by finding them in an online database, by locating and reading a microfilm copy of them, or by purchasing them through the mail.

Online databases, usually indexes, with some images

 * This chart gives links to some Utah online databases for these records:

Samples of index entries
For more recent records, many of which you will send for in the mail, the certificates will be even more detailed.

Finding Microfilm Copies of Certificates
Some Utah state, county, and Indian agency birth, death, and marriage certificates are available on microfilm through the Family History Library. These may be searched at a Family History Center near you. Most notably, you will find:
 * Utah, birth certificates, 1903-1914, Utah. Department of Health. Bureau of Vital Records & Statistics
 * Deseret News-weddings, Deseret News (Salt Lake City, Utah)
 * Utah death certificates, 1904-1951, Utah. Department of Health. Bureau of Vital Records & Statistics
 * Utah death certificates, 1904-1964, Utah. Bureau of Vital Records and Health Statistics

Some digitized copies of these microfilms are also available online, as the film description will indicate.

Records at the County Courthouse
From the date of the formation of a county until the establishment of state civil registration, birth and marriage records were kept by the County Clerk. They may have been microfilmed, or you can write for them. It is appropriate to write asking for either a single record or for a list of all the marriages for a given surname. This Letter Writing Guide will help you with phrasing a letter. This online directory by Genealogy Inc. will give you the address of the County Clerk. Click on the map to select a county, then scroll down to the "Courthouse and Government Records" to find the address and phone number. If you are at the main Family History Library, check first to see if microfilms of the county vital records are available. In the search field of the FamilySearch Catalog, enter the state and county. Then click on the "Vital Records" subject. The cost of renting the microfilms at a Family History Center probably makes it less expensive to just write to the County Clerk.

Ordering certificates through the mail
Even if you find an online indexed entry for a birth, marriage, or death, almost always the full original certificate will contain a wealth of information not contained in the index. A death certificate will usually give the names and birth places of the parents of the deceased. A marriage certificate frequently asks for the parents names of the bride and groom. A birth certificate frequently asks for the birth place, occupation, residence, and age of the parents. Although it costs money, consider sending for the full original certificates at least of your direct line ancestors (grandparents, great-grandparents).


 * Click here for information on how to order birth records. This will require an application, a fee (listed on the application), and proof of your identification. Provide as many details as possible on the application, but you may leave some fields blank.


 * Click here for information on how to order marriage records. This will require an application, a fee (listed on the application), and proof of your identification. Provide as many details as possible on the application, but you may leave some fields blank.


 * Click here for information on how to order death records. This will require an application, a fee (listed on the application), and proof of your identification. Provide as many details as possible on the application, but you may leave some fields blank.

Samples of records
Here are some samples of Utah certificates. Notice the types of information available in each, particularly the identity of the parents, which adds another generation to your research.



U.S. Social Security Death Index and Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007
The U.S. Social Security program began in 1935 but most deaths recorded in the index happened after 1962. The Social Security Death index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits. The index entries give the person's full birth date, last known residence, and residence at the time they first enrolled. Women are listed under their married name at the time of their death. You can search these records online at. Also at Ancestry.com, ($), index.

The Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off, by providing information filed in the application or claims process, including valuable details such as birth date, birth place, and parents’ names. Unless the deceased would be at least 75 years old today, the parents' names are not published. You will not find everybody who is listed in the SSDI, as criteria for inclusion differs.

If you find your ancestor in the SSDI index, you can order a copy of their original Social Security application (SS-5). If you can prove the individual has died (by sending an obituary or copy of their cemetery headstone), the application will also give the deceased's parents' names, if listed.



Obituaries

 * Frequently, a death is announced in the newspaper with an obituary.
 * These obituaries may supply missing birth or death dates and name the parents of the deceased.
 * Obituaries may also name family members, their spouses, their current residences, and whether they died before the person or are still surviving, especially in obituaries written in the last half of the 20th Century.
 * Try these Utah links:
 * — index
 * Online Utah Death Records &amp; Indexes
 * Daughters of Utah Pioneers Obituary Scrapbook ($)
 * Native American Obituaries index.
 * Utah Obituaries, Utah Genealogy
 * ObitsArchive.com - Utah ($)
 * ObituariesHelp.org - Utah Newspaper Obituaries Listings
 * The Obituary Link Page - Utah Obituary Links
 * The Salt Lake Tribune and Deseret News - Obituaries
 * The Obituary Link Page - Utah Obituary Links
 * The Salt Lake Tribune and Deseret News - Obituaries

Cemeteries

 * Cemetery records may only give the names and dates stated on the tombstone, but as in the case of FindAGrave, sometimes pictures of the deceased and their tombstone, children's or parents' names and links to their graves, and marriage information have been added. Always verify information added by others.
 * Frequently family members are buried in the same cemetery often in neighboring plots.
 * Try these Utah links:

NOTE: Each database covers different cemeteries, although some may overlap. Don't be discouraged if you do not locate your individual in the first database. Check each collection.


 * FindAGrave
 * Online Utah Death Records &amp; Indexes
 * Utah Cemeteries and Burials Database
 * Utah Burials Search
 * Utah Gravestones
 * . Also at FindMyPast, ($), index, and at MyHeritage, ($), index, and at Ancestry.com, ($), index
 * Utah Cemetery Records at Findagrave.com
 * Utah Cemetery Records at Interment.net
 * BillionGraves Utah Cemeteries
 * Names in Stone Cemetery Maps
 * USGenWeb Tombstone Transcription Project
 * Utah Cemetery Inventory ($)
 * Utah and Idaho cemetery records ($)
 * Utah Cemeteries ($)
 * Utah, State Archives Records, 1848-2001, images/no index
 * D'Addezio's Cemetery Junction
 * Linkpendium
 * I Dream of Genealogy Utah Cemeteries
 * Utah Cemetery Records, Utah Genealogy

This example of an online cemetery record is from FindAGrave

Step 5: Search military records: World War I and World War II draft cards.

 * There are many different types of military records, some covered in online collections, some microfilmed, and some requiring you to order them from government repositories with a fee. For more information, read the U.S. Military Records Class Handout. Information in military records can vary from a simple lists of name, age, and residence, to more detailed records including name, residence, age, occupation, marital status, birthplace, physical description, number of dependents, pensions received, disabled veterans, needy veterans, widows or orphans of veterans, and other information.

World War I Draft Registration



 * One of the most helpful military records is the draft registration of 1917-1918. During three separate registrations, men born between 1873-1897 were required to register in the draft for World War I. Cards may give birth date, birth place, residence, occupation, employer, physical description, next of kin (usually the wife or mother), and number of dependents. Search for your male relatives born in this time period at.



World War II Draft Registration
Likewise, the World War II draft in 1942 may give birth date, birth place, residence, occupation, employer, and other family members as contacts. Search for your male relatives born in this time period at U.S. WW II Draft Registration Cards, 1942.

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Step 6: If your ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.
The census records may show that your ancestor was born in another country. It will be necessary to try to find the town or city they were born in to continue research in the country of origin. Searches of immigration records (usually passenger lists) and naturalization (citizenship) records are the next goal. Immigration refers to people coming into a country, such as the United States, and emigration refers to people leaving a country to go to another. Usually these records are passenger lists of the ships they sailed on. A typical record will show name, age, and country of origin, but in ship lists after 1906 you can find the actual town of birth, the next of kin still living in the old country and their residence, and the names of relatives in the place they are traveling to.

Census clues to Immigration records
Census records can provide important clues about nationality and immigration. This chart lists data that can be found in each of the census records. Gather the information in the census records specifically about immigration, as it will help narrow down your search.

Immigration records
Passenger lists and border crossing lists are the most common immigration records. There are many immigration records available. However, in Utah there are records generated by the Mormon migration crossing the plains. Click here to see a complete list of available immigration records online. Notice that they are listed by state, but under the letter "U" there is a long list of records that cover all of the United States. Unless family information tells you the port where family arrived, you will need to search all of the United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records for the time period when your ancestors arrived.

There are also many immigration records unique to Utah:


 * Mormon Migration Website, BYU
 * Mormon Migration Database, 1840-1932
 * Sons of the Utah Pioneers-Utah, Pioneer Companies ($)
 * Index.
 * Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel, 1847-1868
 * Utah Pioneers, 1847-50 Index ($)
 * Pioneer Immigrants to Utah Territory ($)
 * Sons of Utah Pioneers - Card Index, 1847-1850 ($)
 * Sons of Utah Pioneers Membership Applications ($)
 * Sons of Utah Pioneers - Card Index, 1847-1850 ($)
 * Sons of Utah Pioneers Membership Applications ($)

Naturalization (Citizenship) Records
Naturalization is the process of becoming a citizen. Records can include the immigrant's declaration of intent to become a citizen, petitions for citizenship, and final certificate of naturalization. Naturalization records after 1906 can show birth date and place, spouse's name, marriage date and place, and lists of children with their birth dates.

Utah naturalization records could be recorded at the county court or the Federal District or Circuit Court. You must look for them in both locations. Try searching first in any county where the person lived, unless the census tells you the year they were naturalized, and you have evidence of where they lived that year. If you cannot locate them in the county records, try searching for them in the Federal courts.

Utah Naturalization and Citizenship Online Records

 * NATURALIZATION AND CITIZENSHIP RECORDS, Utah State Archives
 * UTAH DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES DIVISION OF ARCHIVES & RECORDS SERVICE Name Indexes
 * Utah, Naturalization and Citizenship Records, 1858-1959 ($)
 * Box Elder County, Utah Certificates of Citizenship Record Books, 1868-1869 ($)
 * Utah Naturalization Declarations of Intention, 1878-1895 ($)
 * Utah, Declarations of Intent for Naturalization, 1878-1895 ($)
 * Browse only.

Step 7: Study each record for other possible searches.
You can now go through a process of working back and forth between all the different record types. Most researchers find clues in the census records that alert them to new certificates to obtain. The certificates then give them ideas of new facts to look for in the census. For example, when a marriage certificate gives you a wife's maiden name, you will then want to look for her in earlier censuses listed with her family as a child. When the census shows you her parents' names, you may then search for their death records. The death records might show their patents' names and take you back to the census to search for them. A naturalization record listing children's names might lead you back to birth certificate searches, and so on.