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England Cheshire  Birkenhead (city)

Guide to Birkenhead history, family history, and genealogy:' parish registers, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records.



HISTORY
In Anglo-Saxon times the area was part of the Kingdom of Mercia, and was known in the Brythonic language as Tigguo Cobauc, meaning Place of Caves. When it fell under the rule of a Saxon chieftain named Snot it became known as "Snotingaham"; the homestead of Snot's people.

Nottingham is located in the center of England, and on a fertile plain, the residue from ice age movement.

Geologically the area around Nottingham, like areas in the adjacent counties of Derbyshire and South Yorkshire, sits on extensive coal measures, up to 900 meters (3,000 feet) thick and occurring largely in the north of the county. There is an oilfield near Eakring. However the coalfields are now not worked extensively. The coalfields are overlaid by sandstone and limestone in the west and clay in the east.

To area to the south and south east of the city, around Sherwood Forest, features undulating hills with ancient oak woodland. Principal rivers are the Trent, Idle, Erewash and Soar.

Nottingham is sheltered by the Pennines to the west, so receives relatively low rainfall.

Nottingham Castle was constructed in 1068 on a sandstone outcrop by the River Leen. The Anglo-Saxon settlement was originally confined to the area today known as the Lace Market and was surrounded by a substantial defensive ditch and rampart, which fell out of use following the Norman Conquest and was filled by the time of the Domesday Survey (1086). The Anglo-Saxon settlement developed into the English Borough of Nottingham and housed a Town Hall and Law Courts.

On the return of Richard the Lionheart from the Crusades, the Castle was occupied by supporters of Prince John, including the Sheriff of Nottingham. It was besieged by Richard and, after a sharp conflict, was captured. In the legends of Robin Hood, Nottingham Castle is the scene of the final showdown between the Sheriff and the hero outlaw. The following image is from one of the ancient trees in Sherwood Forest.



By the 15th century Nottingham had established itself as a center of a thriving export trade in religious sculpture made from Nottingham Alabaster. The town became a county corporate in 1449 giving it effective self-government, in the words of the charter, "for eternity". The Castle and Shire Hall were expressly excluded and remained as detached Parishes of Nottinghamshire.

During the Industrial Revolution, much of Nottingham's prosperity was founded on the textile industry; in particular, the city became an internationally important center of lace manufacture. Even today there is a thriving cottage industry in the suburbs,and Nottingham Lace is still a prized possession of those who know lace. In common with the UK textile industry, Nottingham's textile sector fell into decline in the decades following World War II.

Electric trams (trolleys) were introduced to the city in 1901; they served the city for 35 years until the trolleybus network was expanded in 1936. As part of the urban renewal, and also due to their 'green quality', trams were reintroduced after 68 years when a new network opened in 2004.

Nottingham was granted city status during the diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria in 1897. The city boundaries were further extended in 1933 by adding Bilborough and Wollaton, parts of the parishes of Bestwood Park and Colwick, and a recently developed part of the Beeston Urban District. A further boundary extension was granted in 1951 when Clifton and Wilford (south of the River Trent) were incorporated into the city.

Cemeteries (Civil)
The links to information on cemeteries for Nottingham follow:


 * Nottingham City listings


 * Findagrave Nottingham Road cemetery


 * Findagrave Nottingham Church cemetery


 * Basford cemetery

Parishes
Nottingham as a City has been un-parished. A list of present church parishes follows:


 * St Paul, George Street, was a Church of England church built as a chapel of ease to St. Mary's Church, Nottingham. It was opened in 1822 and closed in 1924.
 * Holy Trinity
 * Address: Unity House,
 * Church St,
 * Nottingham NG7 2FF, UK
 * Phone: +44 115 998 9306


 * St John the Baptist
 * Address:
 * Oakdale Rd
 * Carlton, Nottingham NG4 1BP, UK
 * Phone:+44 115 808 3603


 * St Mark's
 * Address: De Vere Gardens
 * Woodthorpe, Nottingham NG5 4PH, UK
 * Phone:+44 115 926 7859


 * St. Mary's
 * Address:
 * High Pavemen
 * Nottingham NG1 1HN, UK
 * Phone:+44 115 948 3658


 * St Matthew, Talbot Street was a Church of England church in Nottingham between 1856 and 1956.


 * St. Nic's
 * Address:
 * 79 Maid Marian Way
 * Nottingham NG1 6AE
 * Phone:+44 115 952 4600


 * St. Peter's
 * Address:
 * St Peter's Gate
 * Nottingham NG1 2NW
 * Phone:+44 115 948 3658


 * St Ann with Emmanuel
 * Address:
 * Robin Hood Chase
 * Nottingham NG3 4EY
 * Phone:+44 115 950 5471

Non Conformists
Nottingham has the usual Christian church groups, including:


 * Baptist
 * Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
 * Catholic
 * Greek Orthodox
 * Methodist
 * Pentecostal
 * Unitarian

There are several other unusual Christian Groups, including:


 * The Nottingham Chinese Christian Church
 * The Trent Vinyard Group, specializing in Rock Band Religion.

Non Christian faiths include:


 * Buddhist
 * Hindu
 * Muslim
 * Sikh

Civil Registration
Birth, marriages and deaths records have been kept by government since July 1837 to the present day. Prior to that, local parishes of the Church of England, and local branches of other faiths were the only repositories of this information. There are several locations for BMD records for Nottingham. These follow:


 * Ancestry.com


 * uk/ Free BMD org UK


 * UKBMD org, Nottinghamshire


 * ukbmd Nottinghamshire BMD records


 * Nottinghamshire certificate requests


 * genuki Nottinghamshire

Local Histories

 * A History of Nottingham by Richard Gurnham


 * Local Histories: Nottingham


 * A History of Nottingham: British History

Maps and Gazetteers

 * Old Maps of Nottingham


 * Google Map of Nottingham


 * Nottinghamshire Government Maps

Newspapers

 * The Nottingham Post


 * The Beeston Express (Nottinghamshire)

Occupations
Most of the older industries for which Nottingham was famous, including major textiles, and lace making, have disappeared as competition from Far East manufacturers have undercut the economy. However the city has reinvented itself, attracting major companies in the pharmaceutical, sporting, and energy sectors.

Nottingham is now home to the headquarters, or UK headquarters of a number of major companies. Examples follow: Boots the Chemists (now Alliance Boots), Chinook Sciences, GM (cricket bats), Pedigree pet food company, American clothing VF Cooperation, Chinese-made automobiles Changan, the credit reference agency Experian, the energy company E.ON UK, the betting company Gala Group, the amusement and gambling-machine manufacturer Bell-Fruit-Games, the engineering company Siemens, the sportswear manufacturers Speedo, the high-street opticians Vision Express and Specsavers, the PC software developer Serif Europe (publisher of PagePlus and other titles), the Web hosting provider Heart Internet, and the American credit card company Capital One, and the national law firm Browne Jacobson.

Societies

 * Nottinghamshire FHS


 * Nottinghamshire Ancestry


 * Findmypast Nottinghamshire


 * Nottingham City FHS

Archives
The Nottinghamshire Archives:


 * County House
 * Castle Meadow Road
 * Nottingham, NG2 1AG


 * Telephone:
 * 0115 958 1634
 * Email:
 * archives@inspireculture.org.uk


 * Nottinghamshire County Archives


 * The National Archives; Nottinghamshire

Web Sites

 * wikipedia, Nottingham


 * Nottingham City Council


 * Nottinghamshire County Council


 * Nottinghamshire Family History Society