Step-by-Step Iowa Research, 1850-1910

Step 1: Find out everything possible from living relatives and their family records.
Every good genealogy project starts with finding all the clues that can be gathered from living relatives — both from their memories and from documents or memorabilia in their homes.

What are the best questions to ask?
In order to extend research, ask for names, dates, and places. Everything about who a relative was and when and where they lived is a clue to a new record search. For ideas, see :


 * 50 Questions to Ask Relatives About Family History at ThoughtCo.com
 * Creating Oral Histories at FamilySearch Wiki

What documents should be collected or copied?
Because these records cover names, dates, places, and relationships, they are a valuable source of clues. Look for them in your home, your parents' home, and ask living grandparents to check for them.

Step 2: Find ancestors in every possible census record, 1850-1950, online.
Example of a census record.
 * A census is a count and description of the population for a given date. A census took a "snapshot" of a family on a certain day.
 * For each person living in a household (depending on the year), their name, age, birthplace, relationship to head of household, place of birth for father and mother, citizenship status, year of immigration, mother of how many children and number of children living, native language, and whether they were a veteran of the military can be listed.
 * Searching for a family in census records every ten years can identify all the children in a family.
 * Searching in earlier census records to find someone as a child can identify parents.





Iowa State Censuses
- For more information, see Iowa Census and United States Census.

Step 3: Try to find additional details in death certificates, Social Security, obituary and cemetery records online.
When a person dies, several records will be created: death certificates, Social Security records, obituaries, and cemetery records.
 * Death certificates can give birth information for people born before actual birth registration began. Death certificates frequently give the birth date and place, parents' names, and birth places of parents.


 * The Social Security Death Index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits. The index entries give the person's full birth date, last known residence, and residence at the time they first enrolled.


 * The Social Security Applications and Claims Index provides information filed in the application or claims process, including valuable details such as birth date, birth place, and parents’ names.


 * Cemetery records can be as simple as the information on the headstone or, in some FindAGrave records, they can report more thorough information about birth, parents, spouses, children, and siblings.



Death Indexes

 * 1850-1990 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index; Also at: American Ancestors ($), Ancestry ($), MyHeritage ($)
 * 1880-1992 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1900-1939 Iowa Death Index, 1900-1939 at MyHeritage index ($)
 * 1904-1951 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * Online Iowa Death Records and Indexes at DeathIndexes.com — index

Writing for Full Death Certificates
The full original certificate will contain information not contained in the index. Although it costs money, consider sending for the full original certificates, particularly for direct line ancestors (grandparents, great-grandparents, etc).
 * Where to Write for Iowa Birth, Marriage, Death and Divorce Records at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC.gov

Obituary Collections

 * 1980-2014 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * Central Iowa Obituaries at GenealogyBuff — index
 * IAGenWeb Genealogy Message Boards at IAGenWeb — index
 * Iowa Newspapers and Obituaries at LDS Genealogy — index
 * Iowa Statewide Obituary and Death Notices Collection at GenealogyBuff — index
 * Obituaries at Iowa Genealogical Society — index
 * Online Iowa Death Records and Indexes at DeathIndexes.com — index

Cemetery Record Collections

 * 1662-1999 Iowa, U.S., Cemetery Records, 1662-1999 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1930-1939 Iowa Graves Survey at 1930s WPA Graves Registration Project — index
 * 1949-1969 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * BillionGraves — index & images
 * at FamilySearch — How to Use This Collection; index; Also at: Findmypast ($)
 * Cemetery Records at Iowa Genealogical Society — index
 * FindaGrave — index & images
 * at FamilySearch — How to Use This Collection; index; Also at: Ancestry ($)
 * Iowa Cemetery Records at AccessGenealogy — index
 * Iowa Deaths Records and Iowa Cemetery Records at Interment.net — index
 * Iowa Gravestone Photo Project at Iowa Gravestones — index
 * Iowa Tombstone Transcription Project at USGenWeb Tombstones — index
 * Online Iowa Death Records and Indexes at DeathIndexes.com — index

U.S. Social Security Records

 * The U.S. Social Security program began in 1935 but most deaths recorded in the index happened after 1962.
 * The Social Security Death index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits.
 * You can search these records online at


 * 1935-2014 U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1936-2007 U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007 at Ancestry — index ($); Picks up where the Social Security Death Index (SSDI) leaves off by providing information filed in the application or claims process
 * 1962-2014 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index


 * If you find an ancestor in the SSDI index, you can order a copy of their original Social Security application (SS-5). If you can prove the individual has died (by sending an obituary or copy of their cemetery headstone), the application will also give the deceased's parents' names, if listed.

For more information, see Iowa Obituaries and Iowa Cemeteries.

Step 4: Search for county birth and marriage records online.
'''Vital records registration of births and marriages at the state level started in 1905. Prior to that the individual counties kept some records. The starting dates of those records vary from county to county, depending on when the county was formed.''' Example of an indexed county marriage entry.

Online Records
Births
 * 1800-1999 Iowa, U.S., Births and Christenings Index, 1800-1999 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1830-1950 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1850-1939 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1880-1935 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1888-Onward Iowa, Births (1888 Onward) at MyHeritage — index ($)
 * 1921-1947 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index

Marriages
 * 1758-1996 Iowa, U.S., Select Marriages Index, 1758-1996 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1809-1992 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index; Also at: American Ancestors ($), MyHeritage ($)
 * 1835-1850 Iowa, U.S., Compiled Marriages, 1835-1850 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1836-1926 Iowa, Marriages, 1836-1926 at MyHeritage - index ($)
 * 1838-1934 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1851-1900 Iowa, U.S., Compiled Marriages, 1851-1900 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1880-1947 Iowa, U.S., Marriage Records, 1880-1947 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Records at the County Courthouse.
These records were originally created by county clerks, and then copies were sent to the state. County clerks can be willing to help find all the birth records for one family or perform other searches that the state would not do. To contact county clerks by e-mail or telephone, go to the Wiki article for each county. Links to the county Wiki articles are found at the end of this page or by clicking here: Iowa Counties.

For more information on birth, marriage, and death records in Iowa, see How to Find Iowa Birth Records, How to Find GIowa Marriage Records, and How to Find Iowa Death Records.

Step 5: Search military records: World War I and World War II draft cards.
There are many different types of military records: draft records, enlistment records, service records, pension records, etc. Information in military records can vary from a simple lists of name, age, and residence, to more detailed records including name, residence, age, occupation, marital status, birthplace, physical description, number of dependents, pensions received, disabled veterans, needy veterans, widows or orphans of veterans, and other information. - Example of a World War I draft card. - Example of a World War II draft card.



'''Search the World War I and World War II Draft Collections for male relatives.
- For more information and additional collections, see Iowa Military Records.
 * 1917-1918 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1942 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images

Step 6: Look for church records online.
Church records function as vital records. Church records are particularly helpful prior to the advent of civil registration.
 * An infant christening or baptism record documents a birth.
 * Many, if not most, people are married in a church, and then a record is created by the minister.
 * Likewise, ministers presided over funerals, then creating a burial record, which documents a death.



Church Records

 * 1839-2004 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index

Birth

 * 1800-1999 Iowa, U.S., Births and Christenings Index, 1800-1999 at Ancestry; index ($)
 * 1830-1950 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1837-1987 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index

Marriage

 * 1758-1996 Iowa, U.S., Select Marriages Index, 1758-1996 at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1809-1992 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index; Also at: American Ancestors ($), MyHeritage ($)
 * 1836-1926 Iowa, Marriages, 1836-1926 at MyHeritage — index ($)
 * 1837-1989 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index

Death

 * 1845-1987 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1850-1990 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index; Also at: American Ancestors ($), Ancestry ($), MyHeritage ($)

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

 * 1830-1900 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * Early Church Vital Records, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Iowa; Utah GH Mag, V. 28; Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine by Genealogical Society of Utah. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1937. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library

Dutch Reformed

 * 1639-1989 U.S., Dutch Reformed Church Records in Selected States, 1639-1989 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1701-1995 U.S., Selected States Dutch Reformed Church Membership Records, 1701-1995 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1856-1970 U.S., Dutch Christian Reformed Church Membership Records, 1856-1970 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1856-1970 U.S., Dutch Christian Reformed Church Vital Records, 1856-1970 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Episcopal

 * 1853-1886 (*) Episcopal Church, Diocese of Iowa at FamilySearch Catalog — images

Lutheran

 * 1781-1969 U.S., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Church Records, 1781-1969 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1800-1947 U.S., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Swedish American Church Records, 1800-1947 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1866-1919 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index and images

Methodist

 * (*) at FamilySearch Catalog — images
 * (*) at FamilySearch Catalog — images

Presbyterian

 * 1701-1970 U.S., Presbyterian Church Records, 1701-1970 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Quakers

 * 1681-1935 U.S., Quaker Meeting Records, 1681-1935 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1800-1990 U.S., Quaker Cemetery Records, 1800-1990 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * (*) at FamilySearch Catalog — index & images

- For help with church records kept in Iowa, see Iowa Church Records. To search records by denomination, if you know your ancestors religion, go to Searching for Church Records by Denomination.

Step 7: Search for online wills and probate packets.

 * County probate records include '''probate proceedings, petitions, affidavits, orders for sales, reports of sales, administrators' and executors' bonds, guardianship papers, wills, and letters of administration.
 * In a will book, usually just a transcription of the will is recorded. But all of these other records are kept in a probate packet.
 * Administrations are probate proceedings that handled an estate if no known will existed.

Search these indexes and images for probate records.

 * 1758-1997 Iowa, U.S., Wills and Probate Records, 1758-1997 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Probate Information in County Wiki Articles
Each Iowa county Research Wiki page lists additional probate sources, including where to write for records: Iowa Counties

For more information, see Iowa Probate Records and United States Probate Records.

Step 8: If any ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.
The census records may show that an ancestor was born in another country. It will be necessary to try to find the town or city they were born in to continue research in the country of origin. Searches of immigration records (usually passenger lists) and naturalization (citizenship) records would be the next step.



Iowa Immigration Records

 * United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records
 * 1500-Onward All U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s at Ancestry — index & images; includes those with destination of Iowa ($); Also at: MyHeritage ($)
 * 1895-1956 United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956 at MyHeritage — index & images; includes those with destination of Iowa ($)
 * 1895-1960 U.S., Border Crossings from Canada to U.S., 1895-1960 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1904-1944 U.S., Index to Alien Arrivals at Canadian Atlantic and Pacific Seaports, 1904-1944 at Ancestry — index & images ($)

Cultural Groups

 * 1920-1939 Germany, Bremen Emigration Lists, 1920-1939 at MyHeritage — index ($); includes those with destination of Iowa
 * Germans Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage  — index ($) ; includes those with destination of Iowa
 * Italians Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage — index ($); includes those with destination of Iowa
 * Russians Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage — index ($); includes those with destination of Iowa

Passport Records Online

 * 1795-1925 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images; Also at: Ancestry ($)

Iowa Naturalization and Citizenship Online Records

 * United States Naturalization and Citizenship Online Genealogy Records


 * 1791-1992 U.S., Naturalization Record Indexes, 1791-1992 (Indexed in World Archives Project) at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1856-1937 Iowa, U.S., Federal Naturalization Records, 1856-1937 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1859-1990 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index
 * 1944-2003 U.S., Index to Alien Case Files,1944-2003 at Ancestry — index ($)

For more information, see Iowa Emigration and Immigration and Iowa Naturalization and Citizenship.

Step 9: Search land records online.
These records will give the They can contain clues to
 * names of the buyer (grantee) and seller (grantor),
 * previous or new residence of the parties to the deed
 * the date they obtained the land,
 * the description of exact location of the land, sometimes mentioning neighbors.
 * family members who shared ownership of the land,
 * sold or gave land to a child, or
 * officially witnessed the sale.

Search for any ancestor's land records.

 * See United States Land and Property for more databases and resources.


 * 1788-Current U.S. Land Patent Search at Bureau of Land Management — index
 * 1800-1955 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1861-1932 at FamilySearch — How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1863-1908 U.S., Homestead Records, 1863-1908 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Putting Family History in Its Places at HistoryGeo.com — index & images ($)
 * Survey Plats and Field Notes at Bureau of Land Management — index
 * Abstracts of Military Warrants for the Act of 1850. n.p.: n.p., n.d. Online at: National Archives Catalog
 * Iowa Land Records Database at Iowa Land Records — index

For more information, see Iowa Land and Property and United States Land and Property.

Local Histories

 * Published histories of towns, counties, and states sometimes contain biographies and accounts of early or prominent families.
 * Here are several websites that feature online copies of printed county histories: Iowa; that will bring up too many hits. Just use the name of the county and "county": for example, "Hyde County"


 * Google Books. Use keywords "Iowa" and the county name. Hits will list online readable books, lists of libraries that carry the book, and purchasing opportunities.
 * Family History Books
 * County and Town Histories
 * Internet Archive. Use keywords "Iowa" and the county name.
 * Ancestry.com ($). In the Card Catalog search box, use Iowa and the name of the county.

FamilySearch Collected Local Histories

 * Local histories are extensively collected by the FamilySearch Library, public and university libraries, and state and local historical societies.
 * If you have access to the FamilySearch Library or a FamilySearch center, you can find local histories by:
 * Go to the FamilySearch Catalog.
 * In the "Place" field, type the name of your county and click "Search".
 * A list of subheadings for the county will appear. Local histories containing genealogies and biographies will be found under Biography, Genealogy, History, or History - Indexes.

Biography Collections

 * 1878 Iowa Biographical Dictionary, 1878 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * A Memorial and Biographical Record of Iowa at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * A Narrative History of the People of Iowa, by Edgar Rubey Harlan. Chicago and New York: American Historical Society, Inc., 1931. Online at: Vol. 1 - HathiTrust; Vol. 2 - HathiTrust; Vol. 3 - HathiTrust; Vol. 4 - HathiTrust; Vol. 5 - HathiTrust
 * Biographies and Portraits of the Progressive Men of Iowa at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * County and Town Histories, Iowa at LearnWebSkills — index & images
 * Die Deutschen von Iowa und deren Errungenschaften (The Germans of Iowa and Their Achievements at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Historical Sketches of Iowa Baptists at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * History of Iowa from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century, by Benjamin F. Gue. New York City: Century History Company, 1903. Online at: HathiTrust
 * Iowa Biographies Project at RootsWeb — index
 * Iowa Digital Library at Iowa University Libraries — index & images
 * Iowa Genealogy at AccessGenealogy — index
 * Iowa History and Its Foremost Citizens at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Iowa History at IAGenWeb — index
 * Iowa Pioneer Foundations at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Iowa Progressive Men at Ancestry — index ($)
 * Men of Iowa at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * Recollections and Sketches of Notable Lawyers and Public Men of Early Iowa at Ancestry — index & images ($)

For more information, see Iowa Biography.

Step 11: Contact a local historical or genealogical society.

 * County historical societies have collections that are frequently little known and often overlooked.
 * Many have a surname file, where they have collected genealogies, newspaper clippings, old photographs, etc.
 * Many have a sort of "pioneer ancestor" program, where people can submit pedigrees to prove they are the descendants of an early resident of the county.
 * Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia than you.


 * If you can find the society on the internet, they may list their holdings. Or call them on the phone, find out what they have, and find out what arrangements can be made to search their collection. Frequently, you can hire one of their members to search the collection for you.

This online directory by GenealogyInc. lists historical and genealogical societies by county: Click on the map to select a county, then scroll down to the historical or genealogical society listings.

Historical Images
Records collected and digitized by FamilySearch can all be found through their Historical Images feature.
 * Iowa, United States Historical Images, New Version
 * Iowa, United States Historical Images, Old Version

Iowa Online Genealogy Records
Search any other online records listed in Iowa Online Genealogy Records. The steps given here are intended to list record sources which can most efficiently identify descendants. Many other online records which might or might not mention descendants are listed in the Iowa Online Genealogy Records page, including immigration records, land records, military records, newspapers, and probate records, and others. These can be records that cover a smaller group within the population, such as men who served in the military, etc.
 * Iowa Online Genealogy Records

Step 13: Study the Research Wiki pages for any county in Iowa.
This article focused more on Iowa state or state-wide records. There is a separate Wiki article for each county in Iowa. These articles give information, office addresses, and links to county records.