Step-by-Step California Research, 1850-1905

California Step-by-Step Research 1850--1905 Step-by-Step Research 1905--present Step-by-Step Research 1850--1905

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Step 1. Find out everything possible from living relatives and their family records.
Every good genealogy project starts with finding all the clues that can be gathered from living relatives — both from their memories and from documents or memorabilia in their homes.

What information can relatives help with??
In order to extend research on ancestors, look for names, dates, and places. Any information about when and where a relative lived is a clue to a new record search. Be sure to ask questions that lead to that information, including about their occupations, military service, or associations with others, such as fraternal organizations. See also:


 * 50 Questions to Ask Relatives About Family History


 * Creating Oral Histories

Step 2: Search the 1900, 1880, 1870, 1860, and 1850 census records online.
A census is a count and description of the population of a country, state, county, or city for a given date. A census took a "snapshot" of a family on a certain day. For each person living in a household you might find (depending on the year) their name, age, birthplace, relationship to head of household, place of birth for father and mother, citizenship stat

Using family clues to lead to census record searches.
A grandmother, Juanita Cooper, says that '''Since Juanita was born just eight years before the 1900 census, the first step would be to search the 1900 census. At the age of eight, she ought to be living with Bob and Terry Johnson either in Texas of in Monterey, California'''. - The 1900 census of Monterey, California.
 * she was born 24 June 1892 in Texas
 * but her parents were from Monterey, California
 * all of her siblings were born in Monterey, California
 * her parents were Bob and Terry Johnson.

Finding the next generation back.
Working back in time, the next goal would be to find Robert F. Johnson in the 1860, 1870, and 1880 censuses of California.
 * In the 1900 census "Bob" Johnson's full name was Robert F. Johnson,.
 * He was born in May 1860 in California.

1880 census of Monterey City, Monterey, California

1870 census of Monterey township, Monterey, California

1860 census of Alisal, Monterey, California

These censuses show that Robert F. Johnson was the son of William S. and Louisa Johnson. They identify seven of their children. They show that William E. Johnson was born in England.



Step 3: Collect additional details in death certificates, Social Security records, obituaries, and cemetery records online.
These are record collections that document a person's death. The value of these records is that they are available in recent record collections but give details during earlier times, even times when birth and marriage records were not kept.

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For more information, see California Obituaries and California Cemeteries.

Step 4: Search for county birth and marriage records online.
Counties recorded births, marriages, and deaths prior to state civil registration which began in 1905. Records may state:
 * the child's name, birth date, and place of birth
 * birthplaces of the parents, their ages, and occupations.
 * spouse's name.
 * California, Great Registers, 1866-1910, index ($)

Births (and Deaths)
 * . Images.
 * Index only
 * California, Select Births and Christenings, 1812-1988 ($)
 * Index and images
 * California, County Birth and Death Records, 1849-1994, ($). Images.
 * California, Birth Records from Select Counties, 1872-1987, ($). Images.

Records at the County Courthouse.
These record examples were originally created by county clerks. County clerks can be willing to help find all the birth records for one family or perform other searches that the state would not do. To contact county clerks by e-mail or telephone, go to the Wiki article for each county. Links to the county Wiki articles are found at the end of this page or by clicking here: California Counties.

World War 1 Draft Registration

 * One of the most helpful military records is the draft registration of 1917-1918. During three separate registrations, men born between 1873-1897 were required to register in the draft for World War I. Cards may give birth date, birth place, residence, occupation, employer, physical description, next of kin (usually the wife or mother), and number of dependents. Search for your male relatives born in this time period at.

World War II Draft Registration
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Civil War Pensions

 * Pensions were given to Union Civil War soldiers who sustained war-related disabilities from the Federal Government.
 * There are several Civil War pension indexes online:
 * at FamilySearch
 * General Index to Pension Files, 1861-1934, Civil War at Ancestry - $
 * Civil War Pensions Index at Fold3 - $
 * This collection consists of two card indexes to widows who had applied for a pension renewal. The first covers service between 1812-1860 and the second covers service in the Civil War and later. This is helpful in locating a woman in census and death records under her new surname.
 * This collection consists of two card indexes to widows who had applied for a pension renewal. The first covers service between 1812-1860 and the second covers service in the Civil War and later. This is helpful in locating a woman in census and death records under her new surname.


 * This collection indexes approved pension case files of widows and other dependents of soldiers submitted between 1861 and 1934 and sailors between 1910 and 1934. The pension files are being uploaded and attached to this index as they become available. If the pension images are not available, they must be obtained from the National Archives. The wife's maiden name is used in the index along with her married name.



Pension Records for Other Wars

 * This record might help by naming a wife or widow of a Revolutionary War veteran who settled in California: Index


 * This record gives name, rank, regiment, company commander, regimental commander, height, weight, color of eyes, hair, complexion, age, occupation, county or state of birth, date and place of enlistment, miscellaneous remarks. Additional records include Indian Scouts, 1878-1914: Index and images.


 * These records might help by naming a wife or widow of a veteran who settled in California:
 * Index Only.
 * Index only.
 * Index only.
 * For a more complete list of available online military records and indexes, see United States Online Military Records.

Military Indexes Unique to California

 * Records of California men in the War of the Rebellion, 1861 to 1867($)
 * California, World War I Death Announcements, 1918-1921 Index and images ($)
 * California, World War I Soldier Citations, 1918-1921 Index and images ($)
 * California, WWI Soldier Service Cards and Photos, 1917-1918 Index and images ($)
 * California, WWI Soldier Photographs, 1917-1918 Index and images ($)
 * Index and images.

Step 6: Look for church records.
Church records function as vital records. Church records are particularly helpful prior to the advent of civil registration.
 * An infant christening or baptism record documents a birth.
 * Many, if not most, people are married in a church, and then a record is created by the minister.
 * Likewise, ministers presided over funerals, then creating a burial record, which documents a death.



FamilySearch Historical Records

 * 1864-1985 at FamilySearch; index — How to Use this Collection
 * 1812-1988 at FamilySearch; index — How to Use this Collection
 * 1850-1945 at FamilySearch; index — How to Use this Collection
 * 1776-2000 at FamilySearch; index — How to Use this Collection

Congregational

 * Records of the American Missionary Association (Congregational) among the Chinese : principally in California

Presbyterian

 * 1701-1970 U.S., Presbyterian Church Records, 1701-1970, index and images, incomplete.($)

Lutheran

 * 1800-1947 U.S., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Swedish American Church Records, 1800-1947, index and images, incomplete.($)
 * 1781-1969 - U.S., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Church Records, 1781-1969, index and images, incomplete.($)
 * 1781-1969 - U.S., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Church Records, 1781-1969, index and images, incomplete.($)

Dutch Reformed

 * 1639-1989 U.S., Dutch Reformed Church Records in Selected States, 1639-1989, index and images, incomplete.($)
 * 1701-1995 U.S., Selected States Dutch Reformed Church Membership Records, 1701-1995, index and images, incomplete.($)
 * 1856-1970 U.S., Dutch Christian Reformed Church Vital Records, 1856-1970, index and images, incomplete.($)

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 * For help with church records kept in California, see California Church Records.
 * To search records by denomination, if you know your ancestors religion, go to Searching for Church Records by Denomination.

Step 7: Search for wills and probate packets.

 * County probate records include '''probate proceedings, petitions, affidavits, orders for sales, reports of sales, administrators' and executors' bonds, guardianship papers, wills, and letters of administration.
 * In a will book, usually just a transcription of the will is recorded. But all of these other records are kept in a probate packet.
 * Administrations are probate proceedings that handled an estate if no known will existed.



Search these indexes and images for probate records.

 * United States Wills and Deeds Experimental Search: California
 * Early California Wills at Ancestry ($), index and images
 * 1782-1999 California, Wills and Probate Records, 1782-1999 at Ancestry ($), index and images
 * 1833-1991 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; images
 * 1850-1953 California, U.S., Wills and Probate Records, 1850-1953 at Ancestry ($), index and images

Probate Information in County Wiki Articles
Each California county Research Wiki page lists additional probate sources, including where to write for records: California Counties

For more information, see California Probate Records and United States Probate Records.

Step 8: Search land records online.
They can be useful in tracking an ancestor who lived in more than one county in California. With the additional county name where the family lived, the probate and vital records of that county can then be searched.
 * These records will give the name of the owner, the date they obtained the land, the county, and the exact location of the land.
 * They can contain clues to family members who shared ownership of the land, sold or gave land to a child, or witnessed the sale.
 * Sometimes they show the previous or new residence of the parties to the deed.


 * BLM General Land Office, Patents
 * California, Spanish Archive Records, 1784-1868, ($). Land grants. Index.
 * Images only
 * Spanish and Mexican Land Grants, 1855-1875
 * California, Alien Land Ownership Records, 1921-1952, ($) index.
 * California, Spanish Archive Records, 1784-1868, ($) Land records.

Step 9: If any ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.
If any ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.''' == The census records may show that an ancestor was born in another country. It will be necessary to try to find the town or city they were born in to continue research in the country of origin. Searches of immigration records (usually passenger lists) and naturalization (citizenship) records would be the next step.



California

 * 1500s-1900s All U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s at Ancestry - index only ($); includes those with Destination of California; Also at MyHeritage; index only ($)
 * 1882-1959 California, Passenger and Crew Lists, 1882-1959 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * 1893-1957 California Passenger Lists, 1893-1957 at MyHeritage; index & images ($)
 * 1895-1956 United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956 at MyHeritage; index & images ($); includes those with Destination of California
 * 1895-1964 All U.S., Border Crossings from Mexico to U.S., 1895-1964 at Ancestry - index & images ($); includes those with Destination of California
 * 1907-1956 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1920-1939 Germany, Bremen Emigration Lists, 1920-1939 at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of California
 * 1947-1948 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * One Step Webpages by Stephen Morse Links to free and $ online passenger lists
 * Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild at MyHeritage; index only ($)
 * Germans Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of California
 * Italians Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of California
 * Russians Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of California

Los Angeles

 * 1900-1948 United States, Passenger and Crew Lists - California, Los Angeles, San Pedro, and Wilmington Passenger Lists, 1900-1948 at Findmypast — index ($)
 * 1907-1948 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1907 - 1948 - at FamilySearch
 * 1907 - 1948 - at FamilySearch

Mexico

 * 1895-1964 Border Crossings:From Mexico to U.S., 1895-1964 at Ancestry — index & images ($)
 * at FamilySearch
 * at FamilySearch

San Diego

 * 1904-1952 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images; Also at Findmypast; index & images ($)
 * 1905-1923 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1929-1954 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images; also at Ancestry ($)
 * 1929-1954 California, San Diego Airplane Arrivals, 1929-1954 at Findmypast — index & images ($)

San Francisco

 * 1850-1864 San Francisco Ship Passenger Lists Vol. I (1850-1864), Vol. II (1850-1851), Vol. III (November 7, 1851 to June 17, 1852) at Ancestry — images ($)
 * 1882-1888 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1882-1947 California, San Francisco Chinese passenger lists, 1882-1947 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1882-1953 United States, California Immigration Office Special Inquiry Records at Findmypast — index & images ($)
 * 1883-1924 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1886-1890 United States, Passenger and Crew Lists - California, San Francisco, Shangaiers Crew List, 1886-1890 at Findmypast; index only ($)
 * 1893-1934 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1893-1953 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images; Also at Findmypast; index & images ($)
 * 1896-1921 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1903-1918 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1903-1944 San Francisco Chinese Exclusion List at Ancestry — index ($)
 * 1907-1911 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1910-1941 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1912-1943 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1912-1946 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1918 at FamilySearch; index and images — How to Use this Collection
 * 1928-1942 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1930-1949 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1936-1949 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1954-1957 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * One Step Webpages by Stephen Morse Links to free and $ online passenger lists

San Pedro

 * 1930-1936 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1900-1948 California, Los Angeles, San Pedro, and Wilmington Passenger Lists, 1900-1948 at Findmypast — index ($)
 * 1907 - 1948 at FamilySearch
 * 1907 - 1948 at FamilySearch

Ventura

 * 1929 - 1956 - at FamilySearch

Passport Records Online

 * 1795-1925 at FamilySearch; index and images — How to Use this Collection
 * 1795-1925 U.S. Passport Applications, 1795-1925 Index and images, at Ancestry ($)

California Naturalization and Citizenship Online Records

 * United States Naturalization and Citizenship Online Genealogy Records
 * Online California Naturalization Records and Indexes
 * Browse only images
 * California, Naturalization Records, 1887-1991 ($)
 * California, State Court Naturalization Records, 1850-1986 ($)
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for California, Northern District, 1851-1904 - U.S. District Court Declarations ($)
 * Free!
 * Shasta county, California, Naturalization Records: 1852 - 1932 ($)
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for California, Northern District, 1853-1867- U.S. District Court ($)
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for California, Northern District, 1854-1906- U.S. District Court, Certificates of Naturalization ($)
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for California, Northern District, 1855-1912 - U.S. Circuit Court Certificates of Citizenship ($)
 * Naturalization Index Cards from the Superior Court of San Diego, CA, 1868-1958 ($)
 * Naturalizations - Naturalization Records of the Superior Court of Los Angeles, CA, 1876-1915 ($)
 * Selected U.S. Naturalization Records - Superior Court of Los Angeles, California, 1876-1915 ($)
 * U.S., Naturalization Records - Original Documents, (World Archives Project) for California, 1876-1940 - U.S. District and Superior Courts ($)
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for California, Northern District, 1879-1903- U.S. Circuit Court ($)
 * Naturalization Records in the Superior Court of San Diego, CA, 1883-1958 ($)
 * Selected U.S. Naturalization Records - Superior Court of San Diego, California, 1883-1958 ($)
 * California, Federal Naturalization Records, 1887-1991, index & images ($).
 * Naturalization Petitions for the Southern District Of California, 1887-1940 ($)
 * Selected U.S. Naturalization Records - U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California, Central Division (Los Angeles), 1887-1940 ($)
 * San Francisco, California, Surrendered Alien Certificates, 1906-1946, ($).
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for California, Northern District, 1906-1928- U.S. District Court, Declarations and Petitions ($)
 * U.S. Naturalization Records Indexes for California, Northern District, 1906-1928- U.S. District Court, Declarations and Petitions ($)

For more information, see California Emigration and Immigration and California Naturalization and Citizenship.

Local Histories

 * Published histories of towns, counties, and states sometimes contain biographies and accounts of early or prominent families.
 * Here are several websites that feature online copies of printed county histories: California; that will bring up too many hits. Just use the name of the county and "county": for example, "Hyde County"
 * Google Books. Use keywords "California" and the county name. Hits will list online readable books, lists of libraries that carry the book, and purchasing opportunities.
 * Family History Books
 * County and Town Histories:*Internet Archive.Use keywords "California" and the county name.
 * Ancestry.com, ($). In the Card Catalog search box, use California and the name of the county.

FamilySearch Collected Local Histories

 * Local histories are extensively collected by the FamilySearch Library, public and university libraries, and state and local historical societies.
 * If you have access to the FamilySearch Library or a FamilySearch center, you can find local histories by:
 * Go to the FamilySearch Catalog.
 * In the "Place" field, type the name of your county and click "Search".
 * A list of subheadings for the county will appear. Local histories containing genealogies and biographies will be found under Biography, Genealogy, History, or History - Indexes.

Biography Collections
These collections of biographies can be searched online. Most have a table of contents and an index. Or use the "Find" function on a computer.


 * California Pioneers, 1542-1848, ($). Partial index.
 * Historical and biographical record of southern California: containing a history of southern California from its earliest settlers, ($). Index.
 * California, Biographical Index Cards, 1781-1990, ($). Index.
 * California, Pioneer and Immigrant Files, 1790-1950, ($). Index.
 * Roster of California Pioneers
 * DAR California Pioneers
 * Biographical Materials for the State of California
 * California Biographies
 * California Biographical Collection:Responses to Vital Record Inquiries, 1822-1964 Index and images.
 * California Pioneer List
 * U.S., Women of the West, 1928, ($). Index.
 * Who's who among the women of California, e-book
 * California and Californians, Vol. 1, Vol. 2, Vol. 3, Vol. 4, Vol. 5, e-books
 * Personal sketches of California pioneers I have known, e-book
 * A history of the new California, its resources and people, V. 1, V. 2
 * A memorial and biographical history of the coast counties of central California e-book
 * A memorial and biographical history of northern California, e-book
 * Early days in California, e-book
 * Men of achievement in the great southwest : a story of pioneer struggles during early days in Los Angeles and Southern California, e-book
 * A Volume of memoirs and genealogy of representative citizens of northern California, e-book
 * A history of California and an extended history of its southern coast counties: also containing biographies of well-known citizens of the past and present, e-book
 * The new empire and her representative men; or, The Pacific coast, its farms, mines, vines, wines, orchards, and interests; its productions, industries and commerce, with interesting biographies and modes of travel, e-book

Step 11: Contact a local historical or genealogical society.
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 * Historical societies have collections that are frequently little known and often overlooked.
 * Many have a surname file, where they have collected genealogies, newspaper clippings, old photographs, etc.
 * Many have a sort of "pioneer ancestor" program, where people can submit pedigrees to prove they are the descendants of an early resident of the area.
 * Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia.
 * Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia.


 * Find the society on the internet, and they may list their holdings. Or call them on the phone, find out what they have, and find out what arrangements can be made to search their collection. Frequently, one of their members can be hired to search the collection for you.

This online directory by GenealogyInc. lists historical and genealogical societies by county: Click on the map to select a county, then scroll down to the historical or genealogical society listings. Here is an example of an internet website for a local genealogical society.

Historical Images
Records collected and digitized by FamilySearch can all be found through their Historical Images feature.
 * California, United States Historical Images, New Version
 * California, United States Historical Images, Old Version

California Online Genealogy Records
Search any other online records listed in California Online Genealogy Records. The steps given here are intended to list record sources which can most efficiently identify descendants. Many other online records which might or might not mention descendants are listed in the California Online Genealogy Records page, including immigration records, land records, military records, newspapers, and probate records, and others. These can be records that cover a smaller group within the population, such as men who served in the military, etc.
 * California Online Genealogy Records

Step 13: Study the Research Wiki pages for any county in California.
This article focused more on California state or state-wide records. There is a separate Wiki article for each county in California. These articles give information, office addresses, and links to county records.  Alameda Alpine Amador Butte Calaveras Colusa Contra Costa Del Norte</li> El Dorado</li> Fresno</li> Glenn</li> Humboldt</li> Imperial</li> Inyo</li> Kern</li> Kings</li> Lake</li> Lassen</li> Los Angeles</li> Madera</li> Marin</li> Mariposa</li> Mendocino</li> <li>Merced</li> <li>Modoc</li> <li>Mono</li> <li>Monterey</li> <li>Napa</li> <li>Nevada</li> <li>Orange</li> <li>Placer</li> <li>Plumas</li> <li>Riverside</li> <li>Sacramento</li> <li>San Benito</li> <li>San Bernardino</li> <li>San Diego</li> <li>San Francisco</li> <li>San Joaquin</li> <li>San Luis Obispo</li> <li>San Mateo</li> <li>Santa Barbara</li> <li>Santa Clara</li> <li>Santa Cruz</li> <li>Shasta</li> <li>Sierra</li> <li>Siskiyou</li> <li>Solano</li> <li>Sonoma</li> <li>Stanislaus</li> <li>Sutter</li> <li>Tehama</li> <li>Trinity</li> <li>Tulare</li> <li>Tuolumne</li> <li>Ventura</li> <li>Yolo</li> <li>Yuba</li> </ul>

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