Kentucky in the Civil War

United States   U.S. Civil War    Kentucky    Kentucky Military    Kentucky in the Civil War



Introduction
Kentucky was a border state during the Civil War. Its legislators preferred neutrality at the beginning of the war, since it had strong ties to both sides. In the 1861 election, most of the state congressional seats went to Union sympathizers. In September 1861, a Confederate army went into Kentucky, thus breaking its neutrality, and a Union army followed. During the war, many battles and guerilla campaigns were fought in Kentucky. Kentucky soldiers served in both the Union and Confederate armies.

Kentucky Military Units
Most units were numbered, however, some were named. See the table below for lists of the regiments, battalions, batteries, and unassigned companies.

The information in the lists of Kentucky Military Units comes from the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors web site. This web site can also be searched by the name of a soldier.

Kentucky Union Units by Number or by Name Union Units 1st-19th 20th-68th A to Z

Kentucky Union Units by Type of Unit Union Units Infantry Cavalry Artillery Colored Troops Other

Kentucky Confederate Units by Number or by Name Confederate Units 1st-14th A-Z

Kentucky Confederate Units by Type of Unit Confederate Units Infantry Cavalry <div style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 5px; background-color: rgb(208,208,208); margin: 4px; padding-left: 5px; width: 60px; padding-right: 5px; float: left; height: 40px; padding-top: 5px">Artillery <div style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 5px; background-color: rgb(208,208,208); margin: 4px; padding-left: 5px; width: 60px; padding-right: 5px; float: left; height: 40px; padding-top: 5px">Other

General Histories
Soldiers from Kentucky served in both the Union and Confederate armies. The state adopted a policy of neutrality until September 1861, when a pro-Union element gained control of the legislature. Though Kentucky never seceded from the Union, there was a sizable pro-Confederate element in the state. Indexes to the service records of Civil War Soldiers are at the Family History Library and the National Archives. The service records are available at the National Archives in Washington, D.C.

Service Records

 * Kentucky, Civil War Service Records of Union Soldiers, 1861-1865. Digital index-Free.  Linked to the records on Fold3 described below.


 * The Compiled Service Records ($) (Fold3.com) of volunteer Union soldiers who served in organizations from the state of Kentucky are available online. In the future, these records will be made available at no charge through the National Archives web site. The service records are also available at no charge at National Archives research rooms. The compiled service records consist of an envelope containing card abstracts taken from muster rolls, returns, pay vouchers, and other records. Service records may provide rank, unit, date of enlistment, length of service, age, place of birth, and date of death. For more information see Union Service Records.


 * Kentucky, Civil War Service Records of Union Soldiers (FamilySearch Historical Records) describes the collection with a link to the database.

Pension Records
Civil War Pension Index Cards - An of veterans who served in the US Army between 1861-1917 is available on FamilySearch. Each card gives the soldier’s name, application and certificate numbers, state of enlistment, and might include rank and death information. The majority of the records are of Civil War veterans, but the collection also includes records for veterans of the Spanish-American War, the Philippine Insurrection, the Indian Wars, and World War I. For more information see Union Pension Records.

Other Union Records

 * Kentucky. Adjutant General. Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kentucky, 1861–1866. 2vols. 1866–1867. Reprint, Utica, Kentucky.: McDowell Publications, 1984 . This book contains background information on the war, brief information about each unit, and a list of soldiers by unit, with their rank and service dates. An index is included in the book but not in the film. These records contain the reports for troops serving with the Union.


 * An alphabetical list of officers with name, rank, regiment, residence and remarks on pages 906-961.
 * Lists of men buried at cemeteries arranged by cemetery on pages 972-980. Most entries give name, rank, company, regiment, and date of death.


 * Kentucky. Adjutant-General’s Office. Report of the Adjutant General [1861–1865]. Bethesda, Maryland.: University Publications of America, 1990., . This record contains reports and rosters of units from Kentucky, with the names of officers by unit. It also contains their residence and dates of commission.
 * Speed, Thomas. The Union Regiments of Kentucky. 1897. Reprint, Dayton, Ohio: Morningside House, [ca. 1984]. .This record includes a brief history of each unit and lists the names of all soldiers. The index lists only the names of the commissioned officers from Kentucky.
 * United States. Record and Pension Office. Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations From the State of Kentucky. National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0397. Washington, DC: National Archives, 1962. . These service records are arranged by company and regiment and then alphabetically by the name of the soldier. They include the soldier’s name, age, rank, service record, muster, enlistment, discharge and disability information, payment cards, and physical description.
 * The Civil War Archive-Union Regimental Index [Internet site]. N.p., 1998 [cited 25 October 1999]. Available at www.civilwararchive.com/unionky.htm. This site includes histories and background information on Kentucky regiments.
 * Wright, Steven L.Kentucky soldiers and their regiments in the Civil War : abstracted from the pages of contemporary Kentucky newspapers.(Utica, Kentucky : McDowell Publications, c2009)

For the 1890 census of Union veterans of the Civil War, see the "Census" section.

Service Records

 * Kentucky, Service Records of Confederate Soldiers of the Civil War 1861-1865. Digital index- Free Linked to images on Fold3 described below.


 * Compiled Service Records ($) (Fold3.com) of Confederate soldiers who served in organizations from the state of Kentucky are available online. In the future, these records will be made available at no charge through the National Archives web site. The service records are also available at no charge at National Archives research rooms. The compiled service records consist of an envelope containing card abstracts taken from muster rolls, returns, pay vouchers, and other records. Service records may provide rank, unit, date of enlistment, length of service, age, place of birth, and date of death. For more information see Confederate Service Records.

Pension Records

 * Kentucky, Confederate Pension Applications, 1912-1950. -Free. Browseable images. Not indexed. Pension applications filed by surviving former Confederate soldiers or their widows who lived in Kentucky at the time of application. The law providing for pensions was enacted in 1912 by the Kentucky State Legislature.

A wiki arrticle describing an online collection is found at:

Kentucky Confederate Pension Applications (FamilySearch Historical Records)

Other Confederate Records

 * Kentucky. Division of Archives and Records Management. Index of Confederate Pension Applications. Commonwealth of Kentucky. Frankfort, Kentucky.: Archives Branch, Division of Archives and Records Management, Dept. of Library and Archives, 1981. . This index is arranged alphabetically and lists the applicant’s name and county of residence at the time the application was made, the date the application was received in the Confederate pension office, and the application number. The listings for the widow’s applications provide maiden names if stated on the application. The veteran husband’s name is listed in parentheses.
 * The Kentucky Historical Society produced a second index to Kentucky Confederate Pension Applications. Both the index and the pension applications are available at the Family History Library. . The pensions are organized by pension number.
 * Kentucky. Adjutant General. Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kentucky, Confederate Kentucky Volunteers, War 1861–1865. 191–?. Reprint, Utica, Kentucky.: McDowell Publishing, 1980. Vol. 1 on ; Vol. 2 . The book contains brief histories of confederate units and includes a list of soldiers, with their rank and dates of service. There is an alphabetical list of commissioned officers on pg. 238 - 297. It is indexed. An index to the infantry soldiers in volume 1 is:
 * Cook, Michael L. Index to "Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kentucky." Utica, Kentucky.: McDowell Publishing, 1979.
 * United States. Record and Pension Office. Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Kentucky. National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0319. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1960. . The compiled service records of Kentucky soldiers are arranged according to a complicated organizational breakdown, ending with either the regiment or independent battalion or company. Under each unit the service records are arranged alphabetically by soldiers’ surnames.
 * "Kentucky in the Civil War-Confederate Files" in USGenWeb Project [Internet site], N.p., 7 September 1999 [cited 25 October 1999]. Available at www.rootsweb.com/~kymil/cw/cw-conf.html. This site contains rosters or histories of Confederate military units and includes links to pension records, veteran’s records, biographies of prominent leaders, and military organizations.

Unit Histories
An important inventory for finding Civil War military histories is:


 * A Guide to the Microfiche Edition of Civil War Unit Histories: Regimental Histories and Personal Narratives. Part 1, Confederate States of America and Border States. Bethesda, Maryland.: University Publications of America, 1992. . Kentucky units are listed on pages 33 to 38. The library has the large microfiche collection described in this guide. Use the library catalog to find individual items. This may include correspondence, diaries, memoirs, and regimental histories published before 1920. The guide shows the unit name, counties where it was raised, author, title, publication information, number of pages, and source repository. This guide includes an author index and a major engagements index.

Contraband Camps
The web site Last Road to Freedom has information on America's Civil War contraband camps.

Civil War Contraband Camps in Kentucky were located in Columbus, Fort Donelson, Fort Heiman (Calloway County), Smithland, and Paducah