Sudan Emigration and Immigration

Online Sources

 * 1878-1960 UK and Ireland, Incoming Passenger Lists, 1878-1960, at Ancestry.com, index and images. ($)
 * 1890-1960 Passenger Lists Leaving UK 1890-1960 at Findmypast; index & images ($)

British Overseas Subjects

 * UK, Foreign and Overseas Registers of British Subjects, 1628-1969, index ($)
 * British Armed Forces and Overseas Births and Baptisms, Sudan, index & images ($)
 * British Armed Forces and Overseas Banns and Marriages, Sudan, index & images ($)
 * British Armed Forces and Overseas Deaths and Burials, Sudan, index & images ($)

Sudan Emigration and Immigration
"Emigration" means moving out of a country. "Immigration" means moving into a country. Emigration and immigration sources list the names of people leaving (emigrating) or arriving (immigrating) in the country. These sources may be passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, or records of passports issued. The information in these records may include the emigrants’ names, ages, occupations, destinations, and places of origin or birthplaces. Sometimes they also show family groups.

Immigration into Sudan

 * From the 19th century, the entirety of Sudan was conquered by Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty.
 * It was under Egyptian rule that Sudan acquired its modern borders, and began the process of political, agricultural, and economic development.
 * In 1881, nationalist sentiment in Egypt led to the Orabi Revolt, weakening the power of the Egyptian monarchy, and eventually leading to the occupation of Egypt by the United Kingdom. Egyptian sovereignty in Sudan would henceforth be largely nominal, as the true power in both Egypt and Sudan was now the United Kingdom. In reality, Sudan was effectively administered as a Crown colony.
 * On 1 January 1956, Sudan was duly declared an independent state. South Sudan became independent in 2011.
 * Aside from being a refugee-generating country, Sudan also hosts a large population of refugees from other countries. According to UNHCR statistics, more than 1.1 million refugees and asylum seekers lived in Sudan in August 2019. The majority of this population came from South Sudan (858,607 people), Eritrea (123,413), Syria (93,502), Ethiopia (14,201), the Central African Republic (11,713) and Chad (3,100).

Emigration From Sudan
KNOMAD Statistics: Emigrants: 1,508,300. Top destination countries: Saudi Arabia, South Sudan, the United Arab Emirates, Chad, Qatar, Kuwait, Kenya, Ethiopia, the Republic of Yemen, Uganda
 * Sudanese from the African nation of Sudan and the new independent country of South Sudan, which are inhabited by the mostly Christian Dinka and Nuer peoples.
 * Many Sudanese of both countries immigrated into Europe, esp. the UK and scattered across the Middle East.
 * There has been substantial growth of Sudanese in the US and Canada, esp. in the Midwest and Central States.
 * There are areas of resettlement of tens of thousands of (many Southern) Sudanese refugee children known as the Lost Boys of Sudan in the 1990s and 2000s.

Lost Boys of Sudan

 * The Lost Boys of Sudan refers to a group of over 20,000 boys of the Nuer and Dinka ethnic groups who were displaced or orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1987–2005). The term also was used to refer to children who fled the post-independence violence in South Sudan in 2011–2013. The boys embarked on treacherous journeys to refugee camps in Ethiopia and Kenya where thousands were sheltered for several years. Some of the Lost Boys were offered new lives through official resettlement programs in the US.
 * During the Second Sudanese Civil War, children were unable to adequately support themselves and suffered greatly from the terror. Many children were orphaned or separated from their families because of the systematic attacks of genocide in the southern part of the country. Some children were able to avoid capture or death.
 * Motivated by the loss of their parents and their need to find food and safety from the conflict, an estimated 20,000 boys from rural southern Sudan fled to bordering Ethiopia and Kenya.
 * Initially, most of the fleeing boys went to a refugee camp in Ethiopia, until the war in 1991 sent the boys fleeing again to a different refugee camp called Kakuma, which is located in Kenya.
 * Between 1992 and 1996, UNICEF reunited approximately 1,200 Lost Boys with their families.
 * In 2001, as part of a program established by the United States Government and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), approximately 3,800 Lost Boys were offered resettlement in the United States.
 * Prior to the inception of this program, approximately 10,000 boys left the refugee camps for other opportunities, making them ineligible for the US's resettlement program. They are now scattered over at least 38 cities, including major metropolises such as Chicago, Dallas, Boston, Seattle and Atlanta.
 * As of 2006, the largest population of Sudanese refugees in the United States is in Omaha, Nebraska, which hosts about 7,000 people.
 * Numerous resettlement agencies, such as Catholic Charities, Lutheran Social Services, the International Rescue Committee (IRC), World Relief and other privatized organizations assisted in this resettlement process.
 * South Sudan allows free access to Lost Boys/Girls and Sudanese Diaspora from around the world to return to their homeland. As a result, many are now returning to South Sudan to pay it forward and help in the rebuilding of their war-torn country, and to provide humanitarian aid and support.