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England London Boroughs  Richmond upon Thames

Guide to London Borough of Richmond upon Thames ancestry, family history, and genealogy: parish registers, transcripts, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records.



History
As with all the other London Boroughs, Hackney Borough was organized by the central UK Government in 1965. It includes the former areas of Hackney, Shoreditch and Stoke Newington. Family History Researchers should be aware that they should look for these separate entities in the County of Middlesex,a county no longer in existence, rather than Hackney Borough, although a lot of useful information is available from the latter source.

In Roman times Ermine Street passed to the west of what is now Hackney Central. The land was covered with open oak and hazel woodlands, with marshland around the rivers and streams that crossed the area. Hackney lay in the Catevallauni tribal territory.

The name Hackney derives from a 5th or 6th century Saxon settlement known as Haca's ey – or raised ground in marshland. The settlement was near Hackney Brook, and was probably on the higher ground around the later St Augustine's Tower. Hackney is not mentioned by name in the Norman Domesday Book; at that time it formed a part of the manor of Stepney.

Little remains of early Hackney, except the Tudor St Augustine's Tower, which survives as Hackney's oldest building (see picture above). The churchyard, Hackney Brook, and the surrounding villages prevented Hackney's expansion, and by 1605 the village had a lower rateable value than the other divisions of the parish. In Tudor times there were a number of fine houses along Church Street, but many Tudor courtiers lived in nearby Homerton. On the site of Brooke House college, in Clopton was sited one of Henry VIII's palaces, where his daughter Mary took the Oath of Supremacy. Her guardian was Henry's Principal Secretary of State Ralph Sadleir, a resident of Bryck Place, Homerton.

A further cluster of houses existed in medieval times, where Well Street enters Mare Street. The Loddiges family founded their extensive plant nursery business on open ground to the north-east of here in the 18th century.

The villages of Hackney, Lower Clapton and Homerton remained separated by fields into the 19th century. The fine houses remained, with large gardens behind. Artisans and labourers lived in cottages established in these gardens. There was not the room, or the will, for major rebuilding in the village. By 1800, St Thomas' Square, a Georgian square was laid out on the southern end of Mare Street. By the 20th century, these buildings had declined and were replaced with public housing. An early 18th-century mansion, now the New Landsdown Club, but once the headquarters of Elizabeth Fry's British Ladies' Society for Promoting the Reformation of Female Prisoners remains at 195 Mare Street. It is Grade II* listed, but in poor condition and on the English Heritage register of buildings at risk. In neighboring Homerton, (to the east of the churchyard) Sutton Place was built by 1806, near Sutton House.

During the Victorian era, many of the old buildings were swept away and the estates broken up to form streets of terraced housing. The change from rural suburb to firmly urban, was marked by the arrival of the railway in 1850, with a great iron rail bridge crossing Mare Street. Trams began to make their appearance on the streets in the 1870s, and a tram depot opened in 1882 on Bohemia Place.

The London Borough of Hackney is a London Borough in Inner London, United Kingdom. The historical and administrative heart of Hackney is Mare Street, which lies 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Charing Cross. Southern and eastern parts of the borough are popularly regarded as being part of east London, with the north-west belonging to north London.

Hackney is bounded by Islington to the west, Haringey to the north, Waltham Forest to the north-east, Newham to the east, Tower Hamlets to the south-east and the City of London to the south-west.

Hackney was one of the host boroughs of the London Olympics in 2012, with several of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park venues falling within its boundaries.

Hackney's one claim to fame within the world of the British Empire was the introduction of the first taxis in the region, originally known as Hackney carriages.

Cemeteries (Civil)
Abney Park Cemetery


 * South Lodge
 * Stoke Newington High Street
 * London N16 0LH
 * Tel: 020 7275 7557

International Jewish Cemetery Project: Hackney Cemetery


 * Lauriston Road
 * London E9
 * +44 20 8985 1527

East London Cemetery and Crematorium


 * Grange Rd
 * London E13 0HB
 * Phone: +44 20 7476 5109

Manor Park Cemetery


 * Sebert Rd
 * Forest Gate, London E7 0NP
 * Phone: +44 20 8534 1486

Tower Hamlets Cemetery (Historic cemetery; closed for present burials)


 * Southern Grove
 * London E3 4PX
 * Phone: +44 20 8983 1277

Highgate Cemetery


 * Swain's Ln
 * Highgate, London N6 6PJ
 * Phone: +44 20 8340 1834

Walthamstow Cemetery


 * Queens Rd
 * Walthamstow, London E17 8QP
 * Phone: +44 20 8524 5030

Parishes
Bromley Parish Church


 * 9 St Paul's Square
 * Bromley, BR2 0XH
 * Tel: 020 8460 6275

St Mary's


 * College Rd
 * Bromley BR1 3QG
 * Phone: +44 20 8466 6969

St Mary the Virgin


 * Hayes St
 * Bromley BR2 7LH
 * Phone: +44 20 8462 1373

Christ Church


 * Highland Road
 * Bromley, Kent BR1 4AA
 * Phone: 020 8464 1898

St Mark's


 * Westmoreland Rd
 * Bromley BR2 0TB
 * Phone: +44 20 8460 6220

St John's


 * Park Rd
 * Bromley BR1 3HJ
 * Phone: +44 20 8460 1844

St George's


 * High St
 * Beckenham BR3 1AX
 * Phone: +44 20 8663 6996

Christ Church


 * 1A Christ Church Rd
 * Beckenham BR3 3LE
 * Phone: +44 20 8650 3847

All Saints


 * Trewsbury Rd
 * London SE26 5DP
 * Phone: +44 20 8778 3065

St John's


 * St John's Rd
 * London SE20 7EQ
 * Phone: +44 20 8778 6176

All Saints, Orpington


 * Bark Hart Rd ,
 * Orpington BR6 0QD
 * Phone: +44 1689 832031

St Martin of Tours


 * 5 Church Rd
 * Chelsfield, Orpington BR6 7RF
 * Phone: +44 1689 825749

St Nicholas'


 * 18 Church Row
 * Chislehurst BR7 5PG

Christ Church, Chislehurst


 * 40 Lubbock Rd
 * Chislehurst BR7 5JJ
 * Phone: +44 20 8402 5081

St Thomas's


 * 1 Clapton Terrace
 * London E5 9BW
 * Phone: +44 20 8806 1463

Non Conformists

 * Baptist
 * Christ Church
 * Christ Apostolic
 * Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
 * Evangelical
 * Grace Church
 * Jehovah's Witnesses
 * Lutheran
 * Methodist
 * Redeemed Christian Church of God
 * Roman Catholic
 * Salvation Army
 * Seventh Day Adventist
 * Vineyard

There are a number of communities of non Christian religions including the following:


 * Baha'i
 * Buddhist
 * Scientology
 * Confucian
 * Jews
 * Muslim
 * Sikh

Civil Registration
Birth, marriages and deaths were kept by the UK government from July 1837 to the present day. Prior to that, the only available records were those kept by the ecclesiastical bodies. As the Borough of Hackney was previously part of the County of Middlesex (no longer in existence), the link to Middlesex County BMD records is listed below.


 * Hackney Council BMD records


 * bmd-certificates: Hackney Borough


 * ukbmd.org: Middlesex


 * ukbmd.org" Hackney Borough

Local Histories

 * Hackney Borough Council: History and Heritage


 * British history on line: Stoke Newington


 * British history on line: Shoreditch


 * A History of the Borough of Hackney by David Mander


 * Stoke Newington by Gavin Smith


 * The Shoreditch Tales by Carolyn Clark

Maps and Gazetteers

 * Hackney Borough: map


 * google maps: London Borough of Hackney


 * oldmapsonline: Hackney


 * francisfrith: old maps of Stoke Newington


 * francisfrith: old maps of Shoreditcvh

Newspapers

 * The Hackney Gazette


 * The East London Times


 * The London Evening Standard: Hackney

Occupations
Hackney Borough is primarily a bedroom town for central London. Using the Tube (London's subway system) it is possible to be in Central London from the Borough in less than 15 minutes. Large businesses have been moving away from Central London in general, and the northern Boroughs in particular. Since 2005 there has been a decrease in large employers (more than 100 employees) in Hackney, falling from 1.2% to 0.7% in 2015. Almost all businesses in Hackney (99.8%) employ fewer than 250 staff and 9 out of 10 businesses in Hackney (90.3%) can be defined as micro-businesses because they employ fewer than ten people. This is slightly higher than the Inner London average of 88.3%.

The primary large local employers are the local council and the National Health Service at Homerton University Hospital; there are also two London Transport garages, one at the foot of the Narroway, and another about 1 mile south at Ash Grove. Between Ash Grove and London Fields there is a small industrial estate.

The number of businesses in the Information & communication sector in the borough has almost doubled since 2010 (up 97%) and the Professional, scientific & technical sector has seen an increase of 1,550 businesses (72%).

Many of the opportunities available in Hackney are at the lower end, menial or shop type positions, requiring no training past the normal secondary education. There are a number of positions available in the Arts, entertainment, recreation & other services (1,350 / 9%).

Societies

 * East of London Family History Society


 * Hackney History Society


 * London Westminster and Middlesex FHS

Archives

 * Hackney Council Archives


 * The National Archives: Hackney


 * The National Archives: Stoke Newington


 * The National Archives: SHoreditch

Web Sites

 * The Hackney Borough Council


 * The London Borough of Hackney: wikipedia


 * Hackney Central: wikipedia


 * Stoke Newington: wikipedia


 * Shoreditch, wikipedia


 * Middlesex: wikipedia