Singapore Emigration and Immigration

Online Records

 * 1878-1960 UK and Ireland, Incoming Passenger Lists, 1878-1960 at Ancestry - index and images. ($)
 * 1890-1960 Passenger Lists Leaving UK 1890-1960 at Findmypast - index & images ($); includes those with Destination of Singapore
 * 1892-1924 New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1924 Search results for Singapore

British Overseas Subjects

 * Parish register transcripts from the Presidency of Bengal, 1713-1948 The Presidency of Bengal mainly included the states of Bihar and Orissa. At times the Presidency extended to Punjab and most of Northern India. Includes returns from the British colonies of Burma, Malacca and Singapore.
 * UK, Foreign and Overseas Registers of British Subjects, 1628-1969, index ($)
 * British Armed Forces and Overseas Births and Baptisms, Singapore, index & images ($)
 * British Armed Forces and Overseas Banns and Marriages, Singapore, index & images ($)
 * British Armed Forces and Overseas Deaths and Burials, Singapore, index & images ($)

Newspapers

 * 1835-1900 Singapore Free Press And Mercantile Advertiser, Digitised Copies: Oct 1835 - Jul 1900
 * '''During the colonial era, the passenger lists of registered shipping vessels were published in The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser.

Offices and Archives to Contact
National Archives of Singapore 1 Canning Rise Singapore 179868

Hours: Monday - Sunday: 10am – 9pm Staffed Service Hours: Weekdays: 10am – 6.30pm Saturdays: 10am – 1pm

E-mail: nas@nlb.gov.sg
 * The National Archives of Singapore (NAS) has an extensive collection of records available digitally on their website, including a few passports and passenger lists. It should be noted that most records relating to Singapore were damaged or lost during the Japanese occupation, but the country has done a marvelous job of preserving what records could be recovered.

Finding the Town of Origin in Singapore
If you are using emigration/immigration records to find the name of your ancestors' town in Singapore, see Singapore Finding Town of Origin for additional research strategies.

Singapore Emigration and Immigration
"Emigration" means moving out of a country. "Immigration" means moving into a country. Emigration and immigration sources list the names of people leaving (emigrating) or arriving (immigrating) in the country. These sources may be passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, or records of passports issued. The information in these records may include the emigrants’ names, ages, occupations, destinations, and places of origin or birthplaces. Sometimes they also show family groups.

Immigration into Singapore

 * Modern Singapore was founded in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles as a trading post of the British Empire. In 1867, the colonies in Southeast Asia were reorganized and Singapore came under the direct control of Britain as part of the Straits Settlements. During the Second World War, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942, but returned to British control as a separate crown colony following Japan's surrender in 1945. Singapore gained self-governance in 1959 and in 1963 became part of the new federation of Malaysia, alongside Malaya, North Borneo, and Sarawak. Ideological differences led to Singapore being expelled from the federation two years later and it became an independent country.


 * The founding of colonial Singapore as a free port led to a rapid influx of people, initially mostly Malays, quickly followed by Chinese. Javanese, Bugis and Balinese also began to arrive. In the first census of 1824, out of the 10,683 total, 6,505 were Malays and Bugis constituting over 60% of the population.
 * Chinese migrants started to enter Singapore from the Straits area and southern China to trade just months after it became a British settlement. Later migrant workers from China would also increase considerably to work on the pepper and gambier plantations, with 11,000 recorded in one year.
 * IEarly population figures show that, for a long period, the growth of population in Singapore was fuelled by immigration that started soon after Stamford Raffles landed in Singapore in 1819. The founding of colonial Singapore as a free port led to a rapid influx of people, initially mostly Malays, quickly followed by Chinese. It was estimated that when Raffles arrived in Singapore in January 1819, Singapore had about 120 Malays, 30 Chinese and some local tribes such as the Orang Laut. Another estimate put the total population of Singapore at 1,000, mostly of various local tribes.[4] By 1821, the population was estimated to have increased to 4,724 Malays and 1,150 Chinese.[5] Javanese, Bugis and Balinese also began to arrive. In the first census of 1824, out of the 10,683 total, 6,505 were Malays and Bugis constituting over 60% of the population. The total population of Singapore then increased to 16,000 by 1829, 26,000 five years later, and 60,000 by the beginning of 1850.
 * Chinese migrants started to enter Singapore from the Straits area and southern China to trade just months after it became a British settlement. Later migrant workers from China would also increase considerably to work on the pepper and gambier plantations, with 11,000 recorded in one year.
 * Indian migrants also arrived, mostly from Bengal and the Coromandel Coast.
 * In 1901, the total population of Singapore was 228,555, with 15.8% Malays, 71.8% Chinese, 7.8% Indians, and 3.5% Europeans and Eurasians.
 * The early population figures show that Chinese immigrants of the period were overwhelmingly male. The imbalance of the sexes of the immigrant communities continued for a long time with the continual flow into Singapore of male migrant workers who were either single or had left their wives and children behind in China or India. Most of the early Chinese immigrants did not intend to settle permanently to raise their families there; they worked to send money back home, and many would return to China after they had earned enough money.
 * After the Second World War, the 'immigration pattern shifted from the influx of migrants from other countries to movement of people between peninsular Malaya and Singapore, with a significant number of net migrants moving from Malaya to Singapore.
 * The high level of foreign migrant workers in late 20th and early 21st centuries meant that Singapore has one of the highest percentages of foreigners in the world. By the middle of the 2010s, nearly 40% of the population were estimated to be of foreign origin; although many have become permanent residents, most of them were non-citizens made up of foreign students and workers including dependents.

Emigration From Singapore
Regions with significant populations (more than 1,000):