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Population Schedules
From 1851 to 1901, a census occurred every ten years in Canada. Newfoundland and Labrador officially joined Canada on 31 March 1949. From 1907 to 1949, it was the Dominion of Newfoundland and relatively autonomous from British rule. For a more detailed history, see Newfoundland and Labrador. For Newfoundland few 19th-century censuses that list names have been found. They mostly contain statistical summaries.

Online Province Censuses
Province censuses are census records that were taken at the province level. Often, but not always, a state took their census in ten year increments. Province censuses can even serve as substitutes for missing Canada censuses.

Online Canadian Indexes and Images
As Newfoundland did not become a province of Canada until 1949, it was not included in the Canadian census returns of 1851 to 1911.

Earlier Census Records

 * Finding Aid 300: Other census and related documents (1640 to 1945) Acadia (1671 to 1763), New Brunswick (1773 to 1848), Newfoundland and Labrador (1671 to 1945)
 * Newfoundland, Canada Census Records CensusFinder

French
In general, the French records are for Plaisance (Placentia) which French held from 1650 -1711. The town was given up to the British in 1711. They are transcripts of copies at the National Archives of Canada. The original records are in France. The French had some limited fishing rights on the island but were not allowed to settle on the island of Newfoundland which was Britain's oldest colony. (All of the above census records are available at the National Archives of Canada. Transcripts of most of these are in “Mémoires de la Société Généalogique Canadienne-Française,” vols. 10-11.)
 * New France Archives New France, for the purposes of this site, is made-up of Canada, Acadia, Newfoundland, the Great Lakes region and Louisiana. The documents in this database date mainly from the early 16th century until the Treaty of Paris in 1763, including some documents after this period.
 * Acadian census and church records
 * 1671-1809 - Acadian Censuses at WikiTree 1671-1809
 * 1671-1752 - Acadian Censuses at Acadian-Cajun Genealogy and History, 1671-1752
 * 1604-1921 - Head of Family Returns and Nominal Census, 1604-1921 at NB GenLinks
 * 1770 - 1770 census Nova Scotia (includes Newfoundland), incomplete.
 * 1671, 1673, 1691, 1693 Names all household members.
 * 1698, 1704,1706, 1711 Names head of household only.

British

 * 1604-1921 - Head of Family Returns and Nominal Census, 1604-1921 at NB GenLinks
 * 1770 - 1770 census Nova Scotia (includes Newfoundland), incomplete.
 * 1796 Names heads of households for St. John’s.
 * 1800–1801 Names heads of households for Trinity Bay.
 * 1836–1951 Names statistical abstracts.
 * 1911 Names all household members only for Fogo and Port de Grave.
 * 1921 Names all household members. Does not include the districts of Bay de Verde, Bonavista, Fogo, and Labrador.
 * 1935, 1945 Names all household members for entire province.

(These censuses are available at the Provincial Archives of Newfoundland and Labrador (P.A.N.L.)

Distance Research in Archives
For census and other records not digitized and available online, there are options for obtaining information from and/or copies of them through distance research.

Provincial Archives of Newfoundland and Labrador

 * Distance Research
 * Genealogical Request For Search (pre 1892 Records Only)
 * Private Researchers

Library and Archives Canada

 * Ask Us a Question
 * Copy services at Library and Archives Canada
 * Microfilms available at other institutions
 * Hire a Freelance Researcher