New Brunswick Military Records

Online Resources

 * See Canada Online Genealogy Records
 * Lists of officers and militia men in several regiments, with biographical sketches and pedigrees, index and images
 * Loyalists in the Maritimes — Ward Chipman Muster Master's Office, 1777–1785
 * New Brunswick Loyalist Pensions
 * Carleton Papers – Loyalists and British Soldiers, 1772-1784, index.
 * UELAC Loyalist Directory
 * Provincial Archives of New Brunswick Records of Old Revolutionary Soldiers and Their Widows Index and images.
 * Index to Land Petitions: Original Series, 1783-1918 (RS108), Military Units Index A list of the 107 Military Units (sorted in alphabetical order) that were related to one or more petitions.
 * Black Watch (42nd Regiment) Veterans to New Brunswick in 1783
 * Index of military commissions (New Brunswick) 1812-1860, index.
 * Military Medals, Honours and Awards, 1812-1969
 * Provincial Archives of New Brunswick Canadian Forces Base Gagetown Cemeteries
 * Personnel Records of the First World War, index and images.
 * Canada, WWI CEF Personnel Files, 1914-1918 at Ancestry.com ($) - index and images
 * New Brunswick Great War Project
 * Provincial Archives of New Brunswick Index to death registration of soldiers, 1941-1947

Militia
The militia depended on a form of universal compulsory service by all able-bodied men between the ages of 16 and 60. Units were formed on a local basis, usually by county. Published militia lists, naming officers only, are quite common in the almanacs and directories.
 * Actual muster rolls listing all militia members are rare, but may turn up in the provincial archives, or local museums.
 * The New Brunswick militia commissioned officers' list 1787-1867 David R. Facey-Crowther. WorldCat
 * The New Brunswick Militia 1787-1867 David Facey-Crowther.  WorldCat, is an in-depth examination of the militia and its many units across the province. Illustrated, well annotated with a full bibliography (it started as a Masters thesis at UNB), it lists all the units of militia, dates of formation and commanding officers.
 * One muster roll from 14 July 1790, is printed by M.G.Reicker in Those Days are Gone Away: Queens County New Brunswick. 1643-1901, pages 162-163, as well as a list of the officers of the First and Second Battalions, Queens County Militia, 1862, on pages 164-165. Index  WorldCat

British Garrisons
British regiments served in Canada until the Treaty of Washington in 1871. Saint John and St. Andrews were the two main Garrison towns, with a smaller group at Fredericton. In addition to their actual military duties, the British regiments made a large contribution to the colonies, not just by their services as surveyors, engineers, and builders, but to the social and cultural life of the garrison towns and cities where they served. Some married and children might be born in several towns as the regiment’s posting changed.
 * The annual New Brunswick Almanac will contain a page or two listing the “Staff of the Army, Serving in the Province of New Brunswick” as well as “A Corrected List of Militia Officers Within the Province.” New Brunswick Almanacks and Directories

South African War, 1899-1902

 * The South African War, 1899-1902 : New Brunswick men at war WorldCat

World War I (1914-1918)
These service records contain detailed information from enlistment to demobilization (discharge). Information may include each person's date and place of birth, address at time of enlistment, name and address of next of kin, marital status, occupation, personal description (eye and hair color, height, weight, distinctive marks or scars), and religion.
 * Personnel Records of the First World War, index and images.
 * Canada, WWI CEF Personnel Files, 1914-1918 at Ancestry.com ($) - index and images

Great War Project

 * New Brunswick Great War Project

"With the enlistment from the province of 1,134 men to the first contingent, enthusiasm for war remained strong throughout the province. Whether driven by a sense of adventure, the need to combat injustice, love of Empire, or a budding sense of nationality, as many as 26,000 New Brunswick-born men and women would eventually wear the uniform of one of the Maritimes’ many distinctive military units. Approximately one in ten did not return.

"As casualties mounted, New Brunswickers found ways to deal with the increasing cost of war: charities were formed to help support soldiers’ families; agricultural societies banded together to find new ways to increase production; and, as volunteerism began to wane, recruiting associations gave way to conscription as a means of winning the war. Some New Brunswickers openly doubted the province’s ability to give more; but even in the darkest days of 1917 and 1918, most residents remained resolute in their desire to secure victory and to bring their loved ones home.

"The New Brunswick Great War Project (NBGWP) is an ongoing program to preserve and illustrate a collection of sources relating to this province’s commitment to the Great War (1914-1919). Its principal aim is to provide both researcher and genealogist alike the foundation for a better understanding of the relationship between war and society. The project is not a comprehensive study of all people and all sources. It is an attempt to lend context to what is arguably a very complex subject. While great effort has been made to balance local with provincial topics, the project is heavily biased towards those sources dealing with military personnel, their families, and the wartime activities they engaged in. The project is divided into two separate but equally important parts:
 * The first provides the names and vital statistics of approximately 32,000 soldiers and nurses of the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) who are linked to New Brunswick’s military effort.
 * The second part of the project provides users with 106,000 articles drawn from eight provincial newspapers, namely the Kings County Record, the St. John Standard, Fredericton’s Daily Gleaner, the Campbellton Graphic, the Daily Telegraph and the Sun(Saint John), the Daily Times(Moncton), the North Shore Leader(Newcastle), and the Tribune(Campbellton). Articles, ranging in date from 1914 to 1920, cover a number of important wartime issues. The largest category of clippings details the extent of New Brunswick’s military contribution to the Great War, from recruiting to the publication of personal letters and the twice-daily casualty list. Other categories include charitable fundraising, politics, economic expansion, the role of women and children, and the influence of religion. "

World War II

 * Provincial Archives of New Brunswick Index to death registration of soldiers, 1941-1947