Spain Census

National Census Records
No true national census exists for Spain. The closest collection that could be considered a national census is the Marques de Catastro de Ensenada (Catastro). The Catastro was taken for tax purposes between the years 1749 to 1756. The census included the kingdom of Castille and Leon.FamilySearchmicrofilmed the Catastro where available in the historical provincial archives throughout Spain.

FamilySearch is currently working closely with Spain's Ministerio de Cultura to convert the microfilms to digital images. The Ministerio de Cultura has published the section called Respuestas Generales on their website, found at: Portal de Archivos Espanõles (in Spanish).

FamilySearch has also began publishing the Catastro on it's website too. Besides the Respuestas Generales, FamilySearch is publishing all other sections that they originally microfilmed. Those sections are:

- Autos generales - Bienes de legos o seglares - Bienes de eclesiásticos - Personal de eclesiásticos - Respuestas generales** - Memoriales de legos o seglares - Memoriales de eclesiásticos

To date FamilySearch has published the Catastro for the province of La Rioja, other provinces will most likely be published during 2011.

You can also get access to the images for the province of La Rioja from their website. The Historical Provincial Archive created and maintains the website. The records have been indexed and is searchable from their website. The page is only found in Spanish.

Local Census Records
Local municipalities (municipios) took censuses of their populations periodically. In Spain you will find that the majority of the municipios began taking population censuses in the latter half of the 19th Century and continuing onto the present time, however, many census records exist for the 17th and 18th centuries.

Municipal census records are usually housed in the Municipal archives. Some have been microfilmed by FamilySearch (see Cádiz), but most have not. FamilySearch has scanned microfilm copies of local census records and published them on their website. Currently census records can be found among the municipal records collections by province. They may be called censo or padrones.

The best place to find local census records is through the Directorio de Archivos. Perform a search for the municipio where your ancestor's lived.

You can review the census records for Castilla La Mancha online at this site: padrones1808.jccm.es/

Online Records
 * 1387-1986 - at FamilySearch — index and images
 * 1470-1897 - at FamilySearch — index and images
 * 1890-1934 - at FamilySearch — index
 * 1566-1956 - at FamilySearch — index and images

16th Century Census Records
Dr. George R. Ryskamp published a wonderful article on 16th Century Spanish census records in the fall issue of the 2002 BYU Family Historian.

Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:


 * Spain, Barcelona Province Municipal Records - FamilySearch Historical Records
 * Spain, Cadastre of the Marquis of Ensenada - FamilySearch Historical Records
 * Spain, Cádiz Province Municipal Records - FamilySearch Historical Records
 * Spain, Municipal Records - FamilySearch Historical Records
 * Spain, Sevilla Province Municipal Records - FamilySearch Historical Records
 * Spain, Tarragona Province Municipal Records - FamilySearch Historical Records
 * Spain, Valencia Miscellaneous Records - FamilySearch Historical Records