United States, Civil War Service Records of Union Colored Troops - FamilySearch Historical Records

United States

What is in This Collection?
The collection consists of compiled military service records of volunteers who served in the United States Colored Troops. The records include abstracts of entries relating to the soldier as found in original records such as muster rolls, payrolls, hospital and prison records. A file may also include original documents. Many volunteers were former slaves who enlisted after the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863. This collection is a part of Record Group 94,Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1780s-1917. Colored Troops Division, Administrative History Note For each military unit, the service records are arranged alphabetically by the soldier's surname. The Military Unit field may also display the surname range (A-G) as found on the microfilm. The information in this index is quite reliable. However, keep in mind that even though this index is very accurate it still may contain inaccuracies, such as altered spellings or misinterpretations. Index courtesy of www.fold3.com (Previously called Footnote.com).

Compiled Military Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers serving with the United States Colored Troops have been microfilmed by the National Archives for the following military units.
 * 1st through 5th United States Colored Cavalry; 5th Massachusetts Cavalry (Colored); 6th United States Colored Cavalry, M1817, 107 rolls
 * Artillery Organizations, M1818, 299 rolls
 * 1st U.S. Colored Infantry, 1st South Carolina Volunteers (Colored) Company A, 1st U.S. Colored Infantry, M1819, 19 rolls
 * 2nd through 7th Colored Infantry including 3d Tennessee Volunteers (African Descent), 6th Louisiana Infantry ( African Descent), and 7th Louisiana Infantry (African Descent), M1820, 116 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 8th through 13th including the 11(new). M1821, 109 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 14th through 19th, M1822, 105 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 20th through 25th, M1823, 98 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 26th through 30th, Including the 29th Connecticut (Colored), M1824, 108 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 31st through 35th, M1922, 86 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 36th through 40th, M1993, 116 rolls.
 * Infantry Organizations, 41st through 46th, M1994, 113 rolls
 * Infantry Organizations, 47th through 55th, M2000, 183 rolls
 * 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment (Colored), M1898, 20 rolls
 * 55th Massachusetts Infantry (Colored), M1801, 16 rolls


 * Additions to this index will be included as they become available.

National Archives Catalog Related Collections
''' Disbursing Branch, 1863-1868. Provost Marshal General's Branch(Civil War). RG 110 -Images of Muster Rolls'''
 * 1st Regiment, United States Colored Cavalry, NAID 12388470
 * 4th/5th Regiment, United States Colored Heavy Artillery and Attached Letter, NAID 12388513
 * 8th Regiment,United States Colored Troops, NAID 12388553
 * 23rd Regiment,United States Colored Troops, NAID 12388603
 * 49th Regiment, United States Colored Troops, NAID 12388657

'''[https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10461617 Colored Troops Division,1863-1888. Adjutant General's Office RG 94] '''
 * Register of Colored Troops, 1869. NAID 602251
 * Record of Colored Enlistments, 12.1869-6.1887. NAID 602253
 * Record of Regiments, 1863-1865. NAID
 * Register of Colored Troops Enlisted for Service and Bounty Paid, 8.1864-2.1865. NAID 602306
 * Register of Discharge Certificates of Enlisted Men, 1866-1867. NAID 6267254

''' Adjutant General's Office. RG 94 '''
 * List of the Names of the Enlisted Men of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment Missing After the Assault on Fort Wagner, South Carolina. NAID 300389

''' Bounty and Claims Division,1884-1889. Adjutant General's Office. RG 94'''
 * Registers of Claims for the U.S. Colored Troops, 1864-1867. NAID 608297
 * Records of Slave Claims Commissions, 1867. NAID 608296 Delaware,Kentucky,Maryland,Missouri,Tennessee and West Virginia.

 Accounting Officers of the Department of the Treasury, RG 217 
 * Registers of Payments to U.S. Colored Troops, 11.1867-11.1885. NAID 2584173

 Records of the United States District Courts, RG 21
 * Slave Compensation Files, 1866-1867 - National Archives Catalog. NAID 6037029

Freedmen's Bureau Related Collection
 * After the war, many veterans received assistance from the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, in applying for and receiving pensions. Pension claims may be found among the Bureau’s records. United States, Freedmen's Bureau Claim Records,1865-1872

 Additional Sources
 * USCT Pension Files: Center for Family History. International African American Museum
 * Ancestry ($) Searchable Civil War service records
 * Transcribing United States Colored Troop Documents Project

What Can These Records Tell Me?
The following information may be found in these records:

Service
 * Jacket name
 * Soldier’s full name
 * Year
 * Age (often estimated)
 * Military unit served in
 * Type of records in file
 * NARA publication number, title, and roll number

Collection Content
The records are in individual files and usually include the following:


 * A jacket-envelope for each soldier, labeled with his name, rank, and the unit in which he served
 * A card (or cards) with abstracts of entries from original muster rolls, returns, rosters, payrolls, appointment books, hospital registers, parole rolls, and inspection reports
 * The originals of any papers relating only to the particular soldier

How Do I Search This Collection?
To begin your search you need to know:
 * The name of your ancestor
 * The age and birth place of your ancestor
 * The military unit in which your ancestor served

How Do I Analyze the Results?
Compare each result from your search with what you know to determine if there is a match. This may require viewing multiple records or images. Keep track of your research in a research log.

I Found the Person I Was Looking For, What Now?

 * Use the estimated age to calculate a birth date
 * Use the age and location of the military unit to find the soldier’s family in census, church, and land records
 * Continue to search the index and records to identify other relatives
 * When looking for a person who had a common name, look at all the entries for the name before deciding which is correct
 * You may need to compare the information of more than one family or person to make this determination
 * Be aware that, as with any index, transcription errors may occur

I Can't Find the Person I'm Looking For, What Now?

 * Look for variant spellings of the names. You should also look for alias names, nicknames and abbreviated names
 * Try alternative search methods such as only filling in the surname search box (or the given name search box) on the landing page leaving the other box empty and then click on search. This should return a list of everyone with that particular name. You could then browse the list for individuals that may be your ancestor

Research Helps
The following articles will help you in your research for your family in the United States.
 * US Military Basic Search Strategies
 * Beginning Research in United States Military Records
 * Beginning United States Civil War Research
 * Locating a Union Civil War Soldier (1861-1865)
 * Researching African American Genealogy
 * United States Guided Research
 * United States Record Finder
 * Research Tips and Strategies

Related Digital Books

 * NARA Guide to Records of the U.S. Colored Troops
 * Center of Military History: Freedom by the Sword The United States Colored Troops, 1862-1867

Related Wiki Articles

 * United States Colored Troops in the Civil War


 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops 1st through 39th
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops 40th through 84th
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops 85th through 138th
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops by State
 * United States Civil War Union Colored Troops A to Z
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Infantry Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Cavalry Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Artillery Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Band Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Unassigned Units
 * United States Civil War Colored Troops Other Units

Related Articles

 * Budge Weidman. ''Black Soldiers in the Civil War. Preserving the Legacy of the United States Colored Troops."
 * Black Soldiers in the Civil War. Compiled Service Records
 * Black Soldiers in the U.S. Military During the Civil War

Citing This Collection
Citations help you keep track of places you have searched and sources you have found. Identifying your sources helps others find the records you used.