United States Cultural Groups

Introduction
It is important to learn the history of the ethnic, racial, and religious groups your ancestors belonged to. For example, you might study a history of the Irish in New York or Huguenot immigration to the United States. Some people have American Indian ancestors. Many people came to America as indentured servants or as slaves. This historical background can help you identify where your ancestors lived and when they lived there, where they migrated, the types of records they might be listed in, and other information to help you understand your family's history.

Minorities usually appear in the same records as other Americans, so search for members of minority groups in the same records you would search for anyone else. Then search for additional records of a particular minority.

For most minorities in the United States, some unique records and resources are available. These include histories, newspapers, and periodicals (such as The Swedish-American Historical Quarterly). In addition, various local and national societies have been organized to gather, preserve, and share the cultural contributions and histories of many groups. Some examples are the Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies in Philadelphia and the American Historical Society of Germans from Russia in Lincoln, Nebraska.

Minorities in States
Information about minorities in the respective states will be found under pages entitled [state] Minorities or under [state] Ethnic Group Records, as in Idaho Minorities or Illinois Ethnic Group Records. Wikipedia also contains valued information as to Minorities and States.

African Americans
See African American Genealogy.

Jewish
Holocaust Survivors and Witnesses' Testimonies - University of Southern California's Shoah Foundation Institute 54,140 audiovisual testimonies of Holocaust witnesses. You can view samples of some interviews and locate institutions which provide access to full interviews.

Under the heading “JEWS” you can find this excellent handbook: Kurzweil, Arthur. From Generation to Generation: How to Trace Your Jewish Genealogy and Personal History. New York, New York: William Morrow, 1980. (Family History Library book FHL|202019|title-id|disp=929.1 K967f}}; film .)

See United States Jewish Research and Jewish Genealogy Research.

Spanish
Index to the Enciclopedia Heráldica Hispano-Americana of Alberto and Arturo García Carraffa - The work treats Spanish heraldry in the first two volumes, and with volume three begins the Diccionario Heráldico y Genealógico de Apellidos Españoles y Americanos, or a listing of over 15,000 names with their respective genealogical histories (with color illustrations of representative crests) of Spanish and Spanish-American families.

Polish
Polish Genealogical Society of America

Danish
The Danish American Archive and Library 1738 Washington Street Blair, Nebraska Telephone: (402) 426-7910 The collection consists of books, recordings, photographs, and unpublished written materials relating to the people of Danish extraction in North America.

Norwegian
Norwegian Settlement in the United States Norwegian American

German
at FamilySearch — index and images

Scottish

 * 1625-1825 U.S., Directory of Scottish Settlers in North America, 1625-1825 at Ancestry - index & images ($)

Italian

 * 1855-1900 Italians Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage - index ($)

Maps

 * Map Showing the Distribution of the Slave Population of the Southern States of the United States. Compiled from the Census of 1860, Drawn by E. Hergesheimer, Engr. by Th. Leonhardt. Published by Henry S. Grahm, 1860. Purchase at ReevesMaps.com; website includes a scaled-down version of the map.